외국인 근로자의 문화지능, 문화적응 그리고 심리적 안녕감 간의 관계: 한국어 실력의 조절효과

왕신우,한수진 대한경영학회 2022 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

The influx of foreign workers in Korea continues to increase due to the rapid promotion of globalization, the growth of multinational companies, the opening of the labor market, and differences in labor supply and demand between countries. Since foreign workers legally worked in Korea in 1991, the number of foreign workers has increased, and in 2018, just before COVID-19, the number of foreign workers has increased by 4.2% per year to 1,018,419. Foreign workers in industrial sites have become essential human resources, and the need to discuss the adaptation of the working environment and improvement of job performance of foreign workers in the field has been raised. However, in fact, in the field of business administration, the studies of dispatched workers accounted for the majority, while studies on the cultural adaptation of foreign workers in Korea were insufficient. Based on this necessity, this paper aims to examine the relationship between cultural intelligence, cultural adaptation, and psychological well-being for Chinese workers. The model and hypothesis of this study were designed based on the theory of person-environmental fit theory. In other words, adaptation in a new cultural environment can lead to positive results due to suitability with individuals, and this suitability can be influenced by individual cultural intelligence. In addition, we empirically analyzed whether their relationship is controlled by Korean language skills. Hypothesis 1: The relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation will have a positive causal relationship. Hypothesis 2: The relationship between cultural adaptation and psychological well-being will have a positive causal relationship. Hypothesis 3: Cultural adaptation will mediate the relationship between cultural intelligence and psychological well-being. Hypothesis 4: Korean language skills will further strengthen the relationship between cultural intelligence, cultural adaptation, and psychological well-being. The research results are as follows. First, it was found that hyper-cognitive cultural intelligence, cognitive cultural intelligence, motivational cultural intelligence, and behavioral cultural intelligence, which make up cultural intelligence, all had a significant causal relationship with cultural adaptation. More specifically, the relationship with cultural adaptation had differences in influence on cultural adaptation in the order of motivational, behavioral, cognitive, and hyper-cognitive cultural intelligence. Second, the relationship between cultural intelligence and psychological well-being was also able to grasp the same significant causal relationship as the hypothesis. Adapting to a new culture can be said to have knowledge of the living area, and in addition, various social relationships within it can proceed smoothly, which increases psychological well-being. Finally, it was found that Korean language skills strengthen the relationship between cultural intelligence, cultural adaptation, and psychological well-being. As mentioned in the preceding theory, it can be said that language can be an important means of securing the identity of the society. The implications of the study and future research directions were presented for the above research results. 세계화의 급속한 추진과 다국적 기업들의 성장, 노동시장의 개방, 국가 간 노동 수급 차이 등으로 인하여국내의 외국인 근로자들 유입은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 1991년 외국인 근로자가 합법적으로 한국에서일하게 된 뒤 외국인 근로자들의 수는 증가하여, 코로나 직전인 2018년에는 101만 8419명으로 연평균 4.2%씩증가하고 있는 상황이다. 산업현장에서의 외국인 근로자들은 필수적인 인적자원이 되어가며, 현장에서의외국인 근로자들의 작업환경 적응 및 직무성과 향상에 대한 논의의 필요성이 제기되어 왔다. 그러나 실제로경영학 분야에서의 연구는 파견직 근로자들의 연구들이 다수를 차지하는 한편, 재한 외국인 근로자들의문화적응에 대한 연구는 미흡한 상황이었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 필요성을 바탕으로 중국인 근로자들을대상으로 문화지능, 문화적응 그리고 심리적 안녕감 간의 관계를 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구모델 및 가설은개인-환경 적합성 이론을 바탕으로 설계하였다. 즉, 새로운 문화환경에서의 적응은 개인과의 적합성 여부로인하여 긍정적 결과를 유발할 수 있으며, 이러한 적합성 여부는 개인이 가지고 있는 문화지능에 의하여 영향을맏을 수 있다는 것이다. 또한 이들의 관계를 한국어 실력이 조절하는 가를 실증 분석하였으며 연구결과는다음과 같다. 첫째, 문화지능을 구성하는 초인지적 문화지능, 인지적 문화지능, 동기적 문화지능, 행동적 문화지능 모두문화적응과 유의한 인과관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 보다 세부적으로 보면 문화적응과의 관계는 동기적, 행동적, 인지적, 그리고 초인지적 문화지능의 순으로 문화적응에 미치는 영향력의 차이가 존재하였다. 둘째, 문화지능과 심리적 안녕감간의 관계도 가설과 동일하게 유의한 인과관계를 파악할 수 있었다. 새로운 문화에적응하였다는 것은 그 생활권에 대한 지식을 보유하며, 더불어 그 안의 다양한 사회적 관계들이 원만하게진행될 수 있는 것이기에 이에 따른 심리적 안녕감이 상승한다고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 한국어 실력이문화지능, 문화적응 그리고 심리적 안녕감의 관계를 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 앞선 선행이론에서 언급한바와 같이 언어는 그 사회의 정체성 확보에 중요한 수단이 될 수 있음을 확인한 연구결과라고 할 수 있다. 이상의 연구결과를 대상으로 연구의 시사점 및 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

Research on the Influencing Factors of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of International Students Studying Abroad in South Korea

Zhang Guanfang,Wang Yanfang 한중경제문화학회 2023 한중경제문화연구 Vol.24 No.-

Cross-cultural adaptation is a social behavior that occurs when individuals enter a foreign cultural environment. Cross-cultural adapters learn the moral norms, language customs, and other aspects of the host culture, gradually adapting to and accepting it. They integrate their inherent beliefs, thoughts, emotions, and behavioral patterns with the host culture, forming a diverse multicultural background. Since humans have engaged in cross-geographical interactions, cross-cultural adaptation has existed worldwide. With the development of science and technology and the advent of global economic integration, the world has become a global village. Nowadays, more and more people travel far from their hometowns to study, work, and engage in activities in foreign countries. Cross-cultural encounters bring novelty, mystery, and a sense of pressure, as living in a different culture means making specific changes in lifestyle and thought patterns. This change can be stressful, and not everyone can overcome it to adapt to life in a foreign country successfully. Therefore, cross-cultural adaptation is one of the most essential areas in today’s cross-cultural education. This study explores the internal and external factors that affect the cross-cultural adaptation of international students in South Korea and proposes relevant strategies to improve their cross-cultural adaptation.

결혼이주 여성의 스포츠를 통한 문화적응에 관한 연구

김우석(Woo Suk Kim),한광령(Kwang Leong Han) 한국여성체육학회 2010 한국여성체육학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of sports in the cultural adaptation and to prepare theoretical foundation of how the sports can be utilized as a communication tool in multi-cultural society, based on the cultural adaptation process of Berry (1997). The detail research problems for this include firstly What is the role of sports in cultural adaptation? secondly, What is the role of cultural adaptation appeared through sports activities? and thirdly What is the role of sports in the process of cultural adaptation? To examine these, theoretical foundation was established based on the research on the cultural adaptation of Berry (1997) and the qualitative research method were adopted as the most appropriate method to perform this study. According to 3 factors, mobility, spontaneity and perpetuity which arise from cultural contact, 6 marriage migrant women who were regularly participating in the sports activities for over 5 years in Korea were selected. To analyze the data, sub category and core category which are related to the research problems were derived through. domain analysis and taxonomic out of ethnography research methods and the contents can be summarized as follows. The role of sports in the cultural adaptation of marriage migrant women can be categorized into cultural personality, behavioral change and cultural adaptation stress. First, cultural personality was classified into absolute acceptance. Second, behavioral change was classified into activities for understanding cultural difference and health. Third, cultural adaptation stress was classified into information sharing, consolation and encouragement. The roles of cultural adaptation appeared through sports activity of marriage migrant women are divided into cultural personality, psychological adaptation and Social adaptation. First, cultural personality was classified into positive recognition change. Second, psychological adaptation was classified into blowing off stress and formation of cultural homogeneity. Third, social adaptation was classified into formation of human relationship. The role of sports in the process of cultural adaptation of marriage migrant women was observed as a mean for cultural adaptation. It means that the sports as a mean for cultural adaptation lead the marriage migrant women to meeting and exchange with Korean or the person from 3rd countries and plays role of overcoming mutual conflicts and understanding cultural difference. Especially, the participants in this study were observed to participate in the sports as a mean for cultural adaptation. They not only understand Korea and feel cultural homogeneity but they. utilize as a mean to deliver their cultures and to overcome personal agony and problem through the sports activity.

스포츠를 통한 중국인 유학생들의 문화적응에 관한 연구

김우석(Kim, Woo-Suk) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Based on Berry"s cultural adaptation (2005), this study aims to define the role of sports in Chinese students" cultural adaptation in Korea. To that end, three research questions were set up. First, what role do sports play in Chinese students" cultural adaptation in Korea? Second, how is the role of sports which led to Chinese students" cultural adaptation in Korea? Third, how is the role of sports in Chinese students" cultural adaptation in Korea? For the research methodology, folk research method, of qualitative research methods, was chosen. This study surveyed and analyzed seven Chinese students who sojourned in South Korea for more than three years and who had experience in sports activities for their cultural adaptation, thus reaching the following conclusion. First, for the sports7 role in Chinese students" cultural adaptation, selective acceptance was found in cultural individuality; understanding of cultural difference behavioral passivity and activities for health were discovered in behavioral changes; and difference within sports was discovered in cultural adaptation stress. Second, the role of sports, resulting from cultural adaptation, caused no cultural changes to individuals. Stress release was discovered in psychological adaptation; and health maintenance activities and a tool of meeting were discovered in social adaptation. Third, sports for achieving individuals" purposes were discovered in the role of sports in Chinese students" cultural adaptation.

외국인근로자의 이문화 학습 만족도, 적응, 그리고 직무열의의 관계 : 사회적 후원인식의 조절효과

우봉우(Woo, Bong-woo),윤동열(Yoon, Dong-yeol) 한국인사관리학회 2017 한국인사관리학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.3

외국인근로자 도입제도인 외국인고용허가제 운영의 개선방안을 도출하고 기업의 효율적인 외국인근로자 관리방안을 모색하기 위해 우리나라에 근무하고 있는 캄보디아 등 6개 국가 691명의 외국인근로자를 대상으로 실시한 설문자료를 통해 이문화 학습 만족도, 적응, 직무열의 그리고 사회적 후원인식과의 관계에 대한 실증적 분석을 하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외국인근로자의 사전 이문화 학습 만족도 및 현지 이문화 학습 만족도는 적응의 하위요인인 직무적응, 일반적응, 문화적응에 각각 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 외국인근로자의 사전 이문화 학습 만족도는 활력에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 현지 이문화 학습 만족도는 활력과 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 사전 이문화 학습 만족도가 헌신·몰두에는 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 셋째, 외국인근로자의 직무적응은 활력과 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 일반적응은 활력과 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 영향을 미치며, 문화적응은 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 문화적응은 활력에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 외국인근로자의 사회적 후원인식의 하위요인인 동료후원인식, 상사후원인식, 조직후원인식은 활력과 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 외국인근로자의 사전 이문화 학습 만족도는 활력에 직접적으로 영향을 미치면서 직무적응 및 문화적응을 매개로 활력에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 현지 이문화 학습 만족도는 헌신·몰두에 직접적인 영향을 미치면서 직무적응, 일반적응, 문화적응을 매개로 헌신·몰두에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 상사후원인식 및 조직 후원인식이 외국인인근로자의 직무적응과 활력의 관계를 약화하고, 일반적응과 헌신·몰두의 관계를 조직후원인식이 약화하는 조절효과가 있으며, 문화적응과 활력 및 헌신·몰두의 관계를 조직후원인식이 강화하는 조절효과가 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점과 한계점 및 향후연구 과제를 제시하였다. To derive improvements of the Employment Permit System(EPS), a foreign workforce importation system, and to seek efficient foreign workforce management practices of private firms, an empirical analysis of cross-cultural learning satisfaction, adaptation, perceived social support and job engagement, was conducted among 691 migrant workers, from 6 different countries including Cambodia, working under the EPS. The results are as below. First, migrant worker’s per-departure cross-cultural learning and on-site cross-cultural learning satisfaction each had significant positive effect on the subfactors of adaptation, including job adaptation, overall adaptation, and cultural adaptation. Second, migrant workers’ pre-departure cross-cultural learning satisfaction was positively related to vigor, and on-site cross-cultural learning was positively related to vigor, dedication and absorption. However. pre-departure cross-cultural learning satisfaction did not have a significant impact on dedication and absorption. Third, migrant workers’ job adaptation had significantly positive impact on vigor, dedication and absorption, overall adaptation had significant impact on vigor, dedication and absorption, and cultural adaptation had significantly positive impact on dedication and absorption. However, cultural adaptation did not have significant impact on vigor. Fourth, the subfactors of migrant workers’ perceived social support, including perceived colleague support, perceived boss support and perceived organizational support, had significantly positive impact on vigor, dedication and absorption. Fifth, migrant workers’ pre-departure cross-cultural learning satisfaction had direct impact on the vigor, and significantly positive impact on vigor with job adaptation and cultural adaptation as the media. On-site cross-cultural learning satisfaction had direct impact on dedication and absorption, and significantly positive impact on dedication and absorption with job adaptation, overall adaptation and cultural adaptation as the media. Sixth, perceived boss support and perceived organizational support weakens the relationship between migrant workers’ job adaptation and vigor, perceived organizational support has controlling impact of weakening the relationship between overall adaptation and dedication and absorption, and the controlling impact of perceived organizational support strengthens the relationship between cultural adaptation and vigor, dedication and absorption. Based on the research findings, this paper presents their implications, limitations and recommendations for future research.

재한베트남인의 한국에서의 문화적응에 관한 고찰

웬티탕란 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2017 전남대학교 세계한상문화연구단 국제학술회의 Vol.2017 No.5

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of Vietnamese people’s cultural adaptation in South Korea and to find out the problems and implications of their adaptation to Korean culture. This study was conducted to survey and interview the Vietnamese people living in Gwangju-Jeonnam area. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, the demographic characteristics of Vietnamese respondents in the survey are focused on the Vietnamese young people in 20-30 ages and many Vietnamese women who are living in Gwangju-jeonnam area as follows: Migrant workers, marriage migrant women, foreign students, high education but low income people, visitors and so on. Secondly, the descriptive statistics of the Korean cultural adaptation questionnaire of the Vietnamese people in South Korea showed that Vietnamese people has used the Korean languages in the low level, and they have got the difficulty of exchanging in relation with other people. Thirdly, as a result of the one-way anova analysis methods about the Vietnamese people in South Korea, their level of occupation and Korean language were statistically significant factors influencing their Korean culture adaptation. Fourthly, as a result of the factor analysis, the types of adaptation of Korean culture of the Vietnamese were classified into the culture adaptation with both countries such as Vietnamese cultural adaptation type and Korean cultural adaptation type. Fifthly, the explanatory variables influencing the Korean cultural adaptation of the Vietnamese people in South Korea are the low level in Korean language, education, age and family members are low level in education but high in age, so they have seemed having the difficulty in Korean cultural adaptation. In conclusion, the difficulty of cultural adaptation of Vietnamese people showing in the Korean language and the cultural adaptation type of both countries are high. Therefore, it is expected that the policy measures should be more focused on the Korean language education and vocational education for Vietnamese people and the formation of their mutual community.

태권도문화프로그램 참여 외국인 유학생들의 문화적응 스트레스가 대학생활적응 및 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향

정용,김백윤 한국스포츠학회 2024 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.22 No.1

요약본 연구는 태권도문화프로그램에 참여한 외국인 유학생들의 문화적응 스트레스가 대학생활적응 및 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위하여 2023년 3월부터 8월까지 C대학에 재학중인 외국인 유학생을 대상으로 187명을 편의표본 추출하였다. 수집된 자료를 SPSS 24.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 다중회귀분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 태권도문화프로그램에 참여한 외국인 유학생들의 향수병, 문화적응두려움 등의 문화적응 스트레스 요인은 대학생활적응에 유의한 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 태권도문화프로그램에 참여한 외국인 유학생들의 향수병, 차별감, 문화적응두려움 등의 문화적응 스트레스 요인은 삶의 만족에 유의한 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 측면에서 외국인 유학생들이 한국인 학생들과 자연스럽게 어울리면서 자신의 스트레스 상황을 올바르게 이해하고 합리적으로 대처함으로써 한국 문화 및 대학생활에 효과적으로 적응할 수 있도록 지원하는 유학생 문화적응 프로그램이 필요할 것이다. 또한 대학구성원들의 다문화사회에 대한 인식 개선과 문화수용력 향상을 위한 글로벌 교육이 필요할 것이다. AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cultural adaptation stress on college life adaptation and life satisfaction of international students participating in the Taekwondo cultural program. A convenient sample of 187 international students enrolled in C University from March to August 2023 was conducted for this study. Using the SPSS 24.0 statistical program, multiple regression analysis of the collected data is as follows. First, it was found that cultural adaptation stressors such as homesickness and fear of cultural adaptation of international students who participated in the Taekwondo cultural program had a significant negative effect on college life adaptation. Second, it was found that cultural adaptation stressors such as homesickness, discrimination, and fear of cultural adaptation of international students who participated in the Taekwondo cultural program had a significant negative effect on life satisfaction. In this aspect, an international student cultural adaptation program that supports foreign students to effectively adapt to Korean culture and college life by correctly understanding and reasonably coping with their stress situations while mingling naturally with Korean students will be needed. In addition, global education will be needed to improve university members' awareness of a multicultural society and to improve cultural acceptance.

국내 외국인 대학생의 상호문화 감수성과 문화 적응의 관계 연구

엄진숙 ( Eom Jinsuk ) 이중언어학회 2021 이중언어학 Vol.83 No.-

The objective of this research is to investigate the intercultural sensitivity and the cultural adaptation of foreign university students in Korea through statistical analysis of questionary survey. The analysis of survey’s responses produced the following findings. First, religion and foreign language learning experience had an effect on the intercultural sensitivity but nationality and gender affected the cultural adaptation. Vietnam students’ cultural adaptation was lower than the other and female had experience culture shock less than male but male’s emotional sense of stability was higher than female’s. In addition, foreign language learning experience affected the culture shock. Secondly, there was a weak correlation the intercultural sensitivity between the cultural adaptation. There was a definite correlation the intercultural sensitivity between the culture shock and also the cultural adaptation between the embracing other cultures. Lastly, the intercultural sensitivity contributed to the cultural adaptation. As the intercultural sensitivity increased, so did the cultural adaptation. The embracing other cultures had an effect on the cultural adaptation and the worries about loss of own culture from an exchange of culture as inversely related to the cultural adaptation. (Yeungnam University College)

The relationships among the extent of participant involvement in cross-cultural learning activities, individual differences, and adaptation of expatriate managers to the host country

Dong-Yeol Yoon 한국인사ㆍ조직학회 2013 한국인사ㆍ조직학회 발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 이문화 학습활동(Cross-cultural Learning Activities)에 참여하는 해외주재원(Expatriate)들의 참여도(Involvement of in CCL)와 개인의 특성(Participant characteristics), 파견국에서의 적응(adaptation to the host country)간의 관계를 국내 글로벌 제조회사를 대상으로 규명하고자 하였다. 양적 연구(Quantitative research)를 위한 데이터는 온라인 서베이를 통해서 수집되었다. 본 연구 대상은 설문시점을 기준으로 29개국 600여명의 글로벌 제조회사 현직 주재원들로 구성되어 있었으며, 총 339명의 설문 대상 관리자 중에서 136명(40.12%)이 본 설문에 응답하였다. 설문분석을 위해 SPSS 18이 사용되었으며, 본 연구에서 제시한 연구 문제에 대한 답변을 위해 기술통계와 상관관계 분석이 활용되었다. 특히 이문화 학습활동의 참여도와 파견국에서의 적응간의 개인 특성의 조절효과를 규명하기 위해 4단계 위계적 다중 회기 분석(Hierarchical Multiple Regression)이 활용되었다. 연구결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 해외주재원들의 인구통계학적 특성은 파견국에서의 적응도와 유의미한 관계를 가지고 있었다. 특히 파견이전 경험한 해외임무의 수, 현직 회사에서의 재임기간, 배우자 동반 여부는 해외주재원들의 문화 적응도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 둘째, 응답자들의 개인적 특성은 해외주재원의 문화, 업무 적응도와 유의미한 관계가 있는 것으로 판명되었다. 특히 현지인과의 소셜 네트워크는 주재원의 문화 적응도와 정(+)의 관계를 가지고 있었다. 셋째, 이문화 학습활동의 참여여부는 파견국에서의 문화, 업무 적응도와 직접적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 출발전 실시되는 이문화 사례교육과 파견국 언어교육은 문화 및 업무 적응도에 강한 정(+)의 관계를 띄고 있었다. 넷째, 해외주재원들의 인구통계학적 특성, 이문화 활동 참여여부, 그들의 개인적 특성은 파견국에서의 문화 적응도와 유의미한 관계를 가지고 있었다. 다섯째, 이문화 학습활동과 파견국에서의 적응도간의 관계에서 설문 응답자의 개인적 특성의 조절효과를 발견할 수 없었다. 다만 소셜 네트워크는 여전히 문화적 적응과 강한 정(+) 관계를 맺고 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 향후 이문화 학습활동과 관련된 이론적 실제적 의미를 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among the extent of participant involvement in cross-cultural learning activities, individual differences of participants, and adaptation of expatriate managers to the host country in a Korean multinational corporation. Correlational research was used to investigate the relationships among the above variables. There were approximately six-hundred expatriate managers in twenty-nine different countries in the overseas employee population, people who were on an expatriate assignment at that point. The target sample of this study was mostly composed of managerial level employees due to the nature of their assignments. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis using a four-step procedure was conducted to identify the moderating effect between engagement in CCL activities and adaptation to the host country. The results showed that CCL activities were divided into three groups, pre-departure non-language CCL activities, pre-departure language related CCL activities, and on-site CCL activities. Pre-departure CCL activities occurred away from the work setting rather than in the actual work setting. Furthermore, these learning activities had moderately structured approaches with the active involvement of a trainer/facilitator. On-site CCL activities occurred in the actual work setting rather than away from the work setting, utilizing a less structured approach with limited or no involvement of a trainer/facilitator. In addition, demographic information was significantly related to the adaptation to the host culture. Specifically, the number of previous international assignments, tenure at the company, and whether or not spouse accompanied the employee each had a positive impact on expatriate cultural adaption. However, survey results showed that all demographic information was not related to job adaptation in the host country. Participant characteristics were significantly related to both cultural and job adaptation to the host country. In terms of observed variables, social networks with HCNs were significantly related to the cultural adaptation. Engagement in CCL activities had a direct significant effect on both cultural and job adaptation in the host country. In particular, host management practice for pre-departure CCL and host language training for on-site CCL were positively and significantly related to both adaptation to host culture and job. With regard to other observed variables, English language review was negatively related to the job adaptation. The results showed that demographic information, participant engagement in CCL activities, and participant characteristics were positively correlated to adaptation to the host culture. Specifically, tenure at the company was significantly related to cultural adaptation. However, job adaptation to the host country was not related to these three variables. No moderation of participant characteristics occurred between engagement in CCL activities and adaptation to the host country. In terms of observed variables, social networks with HCNs were significantly related to cultural adaptation. Finally, this study provides implications for future research and practices in CCL and HRD.

주한 중국인 근로자의 문화지능과 문화적응 관계 조절요인 연구: 인지된 문화적 거리감과 리더 정서지능

한수진(Han Su Jin),왕신우(Wang Shin Woo) 한국문화산업학회 2022 문화산업연구 Vol.22 No.1

국내의 외국인 근로자들은 다양한 산업에서 필요 인력으로 자리매김하고 있으며, 이들의 문화 적응 및 조직적 관리 방안에 대한 연구들은 지속적으로 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 주한 중국인 근로자들을 대상으로 문화지능과 문화적응간의 관계 및 이들의 관계를 조절하는 요인에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 특히 문화지능과 문화적응과의 관계는 선행연구들을 통하여 일관적인 결과들을 도출하고 있으나, 이 들간의 관계를 강화하거나 약화시키는 요인에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡한 상황으로 본 연구에 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 국내의 주한 중국인 근로자 220명을 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문화지능과 문화적응간의 관계는 본 연구의 가설과 같이 유의한 정의 인과관계가 있는 것으로 검증되었다. 타문화에 대한 충분한 지식 및 이를 지탱하는 문화적 전제에 대한 이해와 함께 새로운 문화에 대한 호기심 및 이에 대한 적극적인 행동을 유발하는 문화지능은 타 문화권에서의 문화적응을 강화시키는 것으로 실증분석되었다. 둘째, 문화지능과 문화적응간의 관계에 있어 인지된 문화적 거리감의 조절효과는 가설과는 달리 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 리더 정서지능은 문화지능과 문화적응 간의 조절 변수로서 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 즉, 리더 정서지능을 높게 인지하게 되면 문화지능이 문화적응에 미치는 정의 관계가 보다 강화됨을 알 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 시사점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다. Foreign workers in various industries are recognized as necessary human resources, and studies on their cultural adaptation and organizational management plans are continuously required. In this study, an empirical analysis was conducted on the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation and the factors that regulate their relationship for Chinese workers in Korea. In particular, the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation has produced consistent results through previous studies, but research on factors that strengthen or weaken the relationship between them is very insufficient, and this study is meaningful. This study conducted an empirical analysis of 220 Chinese workers in Korea, and the results of the study are as follows. First, it was verified that the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation has a significant causal relationship, as in the hypothesis of this study. It was empirically analyzed that cultural intelligence, which induces curiosity about new cultures and active behavior, along with sufficient knowledge of other cultures and an understanding of the cultural premise that supports them, strengthens cultural adaptation in other cultures. Second, it was found that the moderating effect of perceived cultural distance in the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation was not significant, unlike the hypothesis. Third, it was verified that the leader’s emotional intelligence had a significant effect as a modulating variable between cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation. In other words, it can be seen that if the leader’s emotional intelligence is highly perceived, the positive relationship of cultural intelligence on cultural adaptation is further strengthened. Based on the results of this study, implications and future research directions were presented.