목표물 높이와 시각적 제공에 따른 엘리트 품새 선수들의 발차기 수행능력 평가

강동권 ( Dongkwon Kang ),이기광 ( Ki-kwang Lee ),김진현 ( Jin-hyun Kim ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2017 체육과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 과도하게 높이 발차기를 수행하는데 익숙한 엘리트 품새 선수들을 대상으로, 발차기(앞차기, 옆차기)의 정확성과 일관성 그리고 수행시간을 평가하는 것이다. [방법] 3차원 동작분석 시스템을 사용하여 품새발차기의 정확성, 일관성 그리고 수행시간을 측정 하였다. 실험에 참여한 12 명의 엘리트 품새선수(age: 28.83±1.80 yrs, height: 171.75±4.29 cm, weight: 67.58±3.6 kg)들은 4개의 목표물 높이(인중, 명치, 단전, 무릎)와 목표물 제공 유무에 따라서 발차기 수행능력이 평가 되었다. [결과] 첫째, 앞차기와 옆차기 모두 인중에서 정확성과 일관성이 가장 좋게 평가 되었다. 둘째, 앞차기와 옆차기 모두 목표물의 높이가 높아질수록 정확성과 일관성이 좋아지는 순차적인 경향을 나타내었다. 셋째, 앞차기와 옆차기 모두 인체범위의 중간 높이인 단전과 명치에서 목표물이 제공되지 않은 상태에서 정확성이 크게 저하 되었다. 넷째, 앞차기는 목표 높이에 따른 수행시간의 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 옆차기에서는 발생하였다. [결론] 종합적으로 높이차는 발차기에 익숙한 엘리트 품새선수들은 낮은 높이에 대한 발차기 수행능력이 좋지 않은 것으로 평가 할 수 있다. [Purpose] The aim of this study was to assess accuracy, consistency and performance time of the kick(front kick, side kick) of elite Poomsae players who accustomed excessive high kick. [Methods] Accuracy, consistency and performance time were measured by 3D motion capture system. Twelve elite Poomsae players(age: 28.83±1.80 yrs, height: 171.75±4.29 cm, weight: 67.58±3.6 kg) performed Poomsae kick according to the four target(philtrum, solar plexus, hypogastric, knee) and target or non-target. [Results] 1) Both of Front kick and Side kick were evaluated highest accuracy and consistency at philtrum. 2) Both of Front kick and Side kick were tend to increase on accuracy and consistency as the target height increasing. 3) The accuracy of Front kick and Side kick was decreased when the target is not provided at hypogastric and solar plexus. 4) There were statistically significant differences in performance time according to the height of four targets on Side kick but no differences on Front kick in performance time. [Conclusion] Overall elite Poomsae players who are familiar with kicking in high target were assessed poor kicking performance on lower target.

12 weeks of Taekwondo Training on Functional Movements and Skill Acquisition of Kicking in Middle-aged Obese Women

( Young-kwan Kim ),( Ji-yong Joo ),( Min-seon Shim ) 국제태권도학회 2017 Journal of the International Association for Taekw Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week Taekwondo train-ing program on motor learning of the Taekwondo roundhouse and side kicks using the functional movement screen (FMS) test for middle-age obese women. Methods: Thirty middle-aged obese women, consisting of beginners of Taekwondo, voluntarily participated in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups: control and training groups. They participated in a FMS test (pre-training test) consisting of seven physical tests and a session of kicking Taekwondo roundhouse and side kicks. FMS scores were evaluated by a certified expert and motion data of kicking were captured by 3D motion capturing system. The training group participated in one-hour Taekwondo training sessions three times a week for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of training, identical tests (post-training test) were repeated to determine the effects of training. Results: After a 12-week period of Taekwondo training, there was no significant interaction on a total FMS score of group by session. There was a tendency of increased total FMS score for the training group. Significant interaction was detected only in the trunk stability push-up scores of each group. The training group increased their score (1.13 to 1.67), while the control group de-creased their score (1.40 to 1.0). Regarding the kicking performance, there was no significant interaction between kicking speed and kicking time. However, significant interaction was found in axial pelvic rotation, indicating increased rotation angle of training group (72.1° to 103.1°). Conclusions: Taekwondo training, which consists of repetitive punching and kicking, helps im-prove core arm strength and increases the range of motion of pelvic movement for middle-aged obese women, which allowed for smoother and fast kicking patterns.

12 weeks of Training on Functional Movements and Skill Acquisition of Kicking in Middle-aged Obese Women

( Young-kwan Kim ),( Ji-yong Joo ),( Min-seon Shim ) 국제태권도학회 2017 International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies Vol.2017 No.-

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week Taekwondo training program on motor learning of the Taekwondo roundhouse and side kicks by scoring the functional movement screen (FMS) test with middle-age obese women. Methods: Thirty middle-aged obese women, consisting of beginners of Taekwondo, voluntarily participated in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups: a control and training group. They participated in a FMS test (pre-training test) consisting of seven physical tests and a session of kicking Taekwondo roundhouse and the side kicks. FMS scores were evaluated by a certified expert and motion data of kicking were captured by 3D motion capturing system. The training group participated in one-hour Taekwondo training sessions three times a week for 12 weeks. After a 12 weeks of training, identical tests (pre- and post-training) were repeated to determine the effects of training. Results: After a 12-week Taekwondo training period, there was no significant interaction on a total FMS score of group by session. There was, however, a tendency of increased total FMS score for the training group. Significant interaction was detected only in the trunk stability push-up scores of each group. The training group increased the score (1.13 to 1.67), while the control group decreased the score (1.40 to 1.0). Regarding the kicking performance, there was no significant interaction on kicking speed and kicking time. However, significant interaction was found only in axial pelvic rotation, indicating increased rotation angle of training group (72.1˚ to 103.1˚). Conclusions: Taekwondo training, which consists of repetitive punching and kicking, helps to improve core performance with arm strength and increase the range of motion of pelvic movement for middle-aged obese women. This allowed for smoother and fast kicking patterns in using multi-segment interaction.

태권도 품새 옆차기시 타겟 높이 변화에 따른 운동학적 분석

Hong, Ah Reum,So, Jae Moo 한국운동역학회 2019 한국운동역학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present the scientific and quantitative data by finding the common points and differences of the side-kick according to the height change through the difference of the side kick motion performance according to the three target height changes and the function of the lower limbs muscle in side kick motion of Taekwondo Poomsae. Method: For this, total 14 players were selected who were registered in Korea Taekwondo Association and skilled group 7 players who had a medal from national competition and 7 players who did not have Taekwondo experience from department of physics. 4 video cameras to the feature on side kick per target height, and the subjects' support foot was located on the ground reactor and the practice was conducted 3 times: waist, chest, and head as the target height. the basic materials were collected by using Kwon 3D XP program and the T-test was conducted to verify the statistic difference between groups (SPSS 24.0). At this time, the statistics significance level was set as .05 and the following conclusion was obtained. Results: The lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Conclusion: Summary of the result shows a common point that the change of target's height makes the lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Also, the higher the target's height became, the greater angular momentum of thighs, shanks, foot became in common.

태권도 품새 옆차기시 타겟 높이 변화에 따른 운동학적 분석

홍아름,소재무 한국운동역학회 2019 한국운동역학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present the scientific and quantitative data by finding the common points and differences of the side-kick according to the height change through the difference of the side kick motion performance according to the three target height changes and the function of the lower limbs muscle in side kick motion of Taekwondo Poomsae. Method: For this, total 14 players were selected who were registered in Korea Taekwondo Association and skilled group 7 players who had a medal from national competition and 7 players who did not have Taekwondo experience from department of physics. 4 video cameras to the feature on side kick per target height, and the subjects' support foot was located on the ground reactor and the practice was conducted 3 times: waist, chest, and head as the target height. the basic materials were collected by using Kwon 3D XP program and the T-test was conducted to verify the statistic difference between groups (SPSS 24.0). At this time, the statistics significance level was set as .05 and the following conclusion was obtained. Results: The lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Conclusion: Summary of the result shows a common point that the change of target's height makes the lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Also, the higher the target's height became, the greater angular momentum of thighs, shanks, foot became in common.

태권도 품새 옆차기시 타겟 높이 변화에 따른 운동학적 분석

( Ah Reum Hong ),( Jae Moo So ) 한국운동역학회 2019 한국운동역학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present the scientific and quantitative data by finding the common points and differences of the side-kick according to the height change through the difference of the side kick motion performance according to the three target height changes and the function of the lower limbs muscle in side kick motion of Taekwondo Poomsae. Method: For this, total 14 players were selected who were registered in Korea Taekwondo Association and skilled group 7 players who had a medal from national competition and 7 players who did not have Taekwondo experience from department of physics. 4 video cameras to the feature on side kick per target height, and the subjects' support foot was located on the ground reactor and the practice was conducted 3 times: waist, chest, and head as the target height. the basic materials were collected by using Kwon 3D XP program and the T-test was conducted to verify the statistic difference between groups (SPSS 24.0). At this time, the statistics significance level was set as .05 and the following conclusion was obtained. Results: The lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Conclusion: Summary of the result shows a common point that the change of target's height makes the lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Also, the higher the target's height became, the greater angular momentum of thighs, shanks, foot became in common.

태권도 옆차기 동작의 동력학해석과 충격해석에 관한 연구

이중현(Jung-Hyun Lee),한규현(Kyu-Hyun Han),이영신(Young-Shin Lee) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

Taekwondo is a martial art form and sport that that uses the hands and foot for attack and defense. Taekwondo basic motion is composed of the breaking, competition and poomsea motion. In the side kick among the competition motion, the impact force is larger than other kinds of kicks. The side kick with the front foot can be made in two steps. In first step, the front foot is extended forward from back stance free-fighting position. For second step, the rear foot is followed simultaneously. Then, the kick is executed while entire body weight rests on the rear foot. In this paper, impact analysis of the human model for hitting posture is carried out. The ADAMS/LifeMOD is used in hitting modeling and simulation. The simulation model creates the human model to hit the opponent. As the results, the dynamic analysis and reaction force of human muscle are presented.

유사과제를 통한 성공・실패 경험이 태권도 옆차기 수행 및 학습에 미치는 영향

김상덕,이한우 한국스포츠학회 2018 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 유사과제를 통한 성공, 실패 경험이 태권도 옆차기 학습에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이었다. 이를 위 해 초등학교 저학년 49명이 참여하였다. 이들에게는 본 연구의 목적에 대해 어떠한 정보도 주어지지 않았으며, 성공, 실 패, 통제집단에 각각 17명, 16명, 16명씩 무선 배정되었다. 본 연구의 과제는 옆차기 유사과제가 사용되었으며, 종속변 인은 옆차기 점수였다. 습득단계의 자료 분석은 마지막 요인을 반복 측정하는 3(집단)×6(분단)요인 설계 하에 이루어 졌고 파지단계는 일원변량분석을 실시하였다. 결과를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 성공집단은 습득단계 의 마지막 분단에서 통제집단보다 우수한 수행을 나타냈다. 둘째, 즉각적 파지검사에서 성공집단은 통제집단보다 우수 한 수행을 나타냈다. 셋째, 지연된 파지검사에서 성공집단은 실패집단과 통제집단보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적 으로 본 연구는 유사과제를 사용한 성공, 실패 경험이 태권도 옆차기 수행과 학습에 차별적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것 을 보여준다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of success and failure experiences through similar task on taekwondo side-kick learning. This study was conducted on 49 students in the lower grades of elementary school. The children were not given any information about the purpose of this study, and they were randomly assigned: 17 to the success group, 16 to the failure group, and 16 to the control group. A task similar to the side-kick was used. The dependent variable was the side-kick score. The data analysis of the acquisition phase was carried out under 3 (group) × 6 (block) factorial design with repeated measures on the last factor. In the retention phase, a one-way ANOVA was conducted. The analysis of the results reached the following conclusions. First, the success group’s last block, which was in the acquisition phase, displayed better performance than the control group. In contrast, the failure group displayed no significant difference compared to the control group. Second, in the immediate retention test, the success group displayed better learning than the control group, while the failure group displayed no significant different compared to the control group. Third, in the delayed retention test, the success group showed better learning than the failure and control groups. In contrast, the failure group displayed no significant difference compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study shows that success and failure experiences through a similar task can have discriminative effects on the performance and learning of taekwondo side-kick.

태권도 옆차기 동작의 동력학해석과 충격해석에 관한 연구

이중현(Jung-Hyun Lee),이영신(Young-Shin Lee),한규현(Kyu-Hyun Han),이현승(Hyun-Seung Lee),이은엽(Eun-Yup Lee) 대한기계학회 2008 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.32 No.1

Taekwondo is a martial art form and sport that uses the hands and foot for attack and defense. Taekwondo basic motion is composed of the breaking, competition and poomsea motion. In the side kick among the competition motion, the impact force is larger than other kinds of kicks. The side kick with the front foot can be made in two steps. In the first step, the front foot is stretched forward from back stance free-fighting position. For the second step, the rear foot is followed simultaneously. Then, the kick is executed while entire body weight rests on the rear foot. In this paper, impact analysis of the human model for hitting posture is carried out. The ADAMS/LifeMOD is used in hitting modeling and simulation. The simulation model creates the human model to hit the opponent. As the results, the dynamic analysis of human muscle were presented.

신체적 자기효능감과 자기통제피드백이 초등학생의 태권도옆차기 학습에 미치는 영향

정순일(Jeong, Soon-Il),이한우(Lee, Han-Woo) 한국웰니스학회 2016 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 자기통제 피드백의 효능을 결정하는데 심리적 요인이 중요한 변인이라는 이전의 연구결과를 지지하기 위함이었으며, 태권도 옆차기를 사용하여 학습자의 신체적 자기효능감 수준에 따라 자기통제 피드백의 효과가 나타나는지를 검증하고자 하였다. 40명의 참여자는 각 그룹에 10명씩 배정되었다. 실험설계는 2(신체적 자기효능감: 고, 저) × 2 (피드백: 자기통제, 동반) × 4 (분단: 1-4), 또는 2 (신체적 자기효능감: 고, 저) × 2 (피드백: 자기통제, 동반) 요인설계 하에 이루어졌다. 자료 수집은 습득, 파지단계를 통해 평균을 산출하였다. 실험분석결과를 요약하였고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 먼저, 저 신체적 자기효능감 조건에서는 자기통제 그룹과 동반그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 반면 고 신체적 자기효능감 조건에는 자기통제 그룹과 동반그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이것은 신체적 자기효능감이 자기통제 피드백의 유효성을 결정하는 또 다른 심리적 변인이라는 것을 보여주는 것이었다. In order to support the previous experiment"s result of psychological factors being important variables in determining the effectiveness of self-controlled feedback, experiment will study the effects of self-controlled feedback depending on the Taekwondo side-kick learners" level of physical self-efficacy. The 40 participants were assigned 10 students per group. The factorial design was carried out under the terms of 2(physical self-efficacy: high, low)×2(feedback: self-controled, yoked) × 4 (block 1-4) or 2 (physical Self-efficacy: high, low) × 2 (feedback: self-regulation, accompanied). Data collection was calculated via the average in acquisition and retention phase. Experiments analysis results were summarized and the following conclusions were drawn. There was not a significant difference between self-controlled feedback group and the yoked group in the low physical self-efficacy condition, but in the high physical self-efficacy condition, self-controlled feedback group had a more effective than the yoked group. This showed that physical self-efficacy was another psychological variable in determining the effectiveness of self-controlled feedback.