한려해상국립공원 특정도서(特定島嶼)의 식물상

김종섭,안현철,박삼봉,하현우,김진중,김봉규,장경환,추갑철 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.48 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of vascular plants growing at fivespecific islands located in Hallyeohaesang National Park such as Sochi-do, Jang-do, Sejon-do,Sol-seom, and Hak-seom. The vascular floras were surveyed a total of 50 times including thepreliminary investigation from April 2011 to October 2012. The flora of Jang-do wasinvestigated as a total of 124 taxa comprising of 52 families, 102 genus, 111 species, 11varieties, and 2 forma including 2 taxa of the endemic plants, 10 taxa of the naturalized plants,and 1 taxon of the korean rare and endangered plant species. At Hak-seom investigation, a totalof 84 taxa were investigated as 44 families, 73 genus, 76 species, and 8 varieties. The endemicplants and naturalized plants at Hak-seom were 3 taxa and 5 taxa, respectively. The flora ofSochi-do was classified as a total of 59 taxa consisting of 38 families, 51 genus, 51 species,and 8 varieties along with 3 taxa of the naturalized plants and 3 taxa of the korean rare andendangered plant species. The Sol-seom was consisted of a total of 28 taxa comprising of 28families, 28 genus, 24 species, and 4 varieties including 1 taxon of the naturalized plants and 2taxa of the korean rare and endangered plant species. At Sejon-do inspection, a total of 20 taxacomprising of 15 families, 19 genus, 16 species, and 4 varieties were investigated. 1 taxon of the naturalized plants and 1 taxon of the korean rare and endangered plant species wereinvestigated at Sejon-do. The floristic special plants at five specific islands located inHallyeohaesang National Park were a total of 69 taxa such as 46 species in class I, 1 speciesin class II, 16 species in class III, 2 species in class Ⅳ, and 4 species in class Ⅴ. 본 연구는 한려해상국립공원 동부지역에 위치한 5개의 특정도서지역(소치도, 장도, 세존도, 솔섬, 학섬)의 관속식물상을 2011년 4월부터 2012년 10월까지 총 50회에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하였다. 장도에서 관속식물의 출현은 특산식물 1분류군, 귀화식물 10분류군, 희귀식물 1종을 포함하여 총 52과 102속 11종11변종 2품종 124분류군 이 조사되었으며, 학섬에서는 44과 73속 76종 8변종 84분류군이 출현하였고특산식물 3분류군 귀화식물 5분류군을 포함하고 있었다. 소치도에서의 관속식물은 38과 51속 51종 8변종 59분류군이 출현하였고, 귀화식물 3분류군, 희귀식물 3분류군이 조사되었다. 솔섬에서는 귀화식물 1종, 희귀식물 2분류군을 포함하여 28과 28속 24종 4변종 28분류군, 세존도에서는 귀화식물 1종, 희귀식물 1종을 포함하여 15과 19속 16종 4변종 20분류군이 출현하였다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 I등급 46종, II등급 1종, III등급 16종, Ⅳ등급 2종, Ⅴ등급 4종이 출현하였다.

Fish Distribution and Water Quality of Mountain Streams in the Jirisan National Park, Korea

Jang, Min-Ho,Cho, Ga-Ik,Song, Ho-Bok,Byeon, Hwa-Kun,Kim, Hyun-Woo,Joo, Gea-Jae The Ecological Society of Korea 2003 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.26 No.6

Fish fauna of mountain streams in the Jirisan National Park area of S. Korea (total area: 440.45 $\textrm{km}^2$, height: 1,915 m) was investigated at 33 sites from May 1997 to September 1999. A total of 4,670 individuals of fishes were collected and classified into 30 species and 12 families. Zacco temmincki (relative abundance (RA), 63.9%) was found to be the most abundant inhabitant. Subdominant species were Pungtungia hem (RA 6.2%), Zacco platypus (RA 6.1 %) and Coreoleusiscus splendidus (RA 4.8%). Among the total species, 13 species were identified as the Korean endemic species (7 families, 17.2% of 802 individuals). Dominant Korean endemic species was C. splendidus (relative abundance endemics (RAE), 27.8%). Superiors were Coreoperca heizi (RAE 21.8%) and Liobagrus mediadiposalis (RAE 19.8%). One exotic species (Oncorhynchus mykiss, a site and 5 ind.) and translated species (Hypmesus niponensis, two sites and 174 ind.) were collected in this survey. The proportion of Korean endemic species in the park (43.3%) was higher than the average of Korean Peninsular (25.9%). From this study, we conclude that the Jirisan National Park area in Korea would be very important for fish diversity and conservation, especially for the Korean endemic and endangered species.

An inventory of Korean living collections in the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, USA

Lee, Sang Jun,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Nam, Gi-Heum,Kim, Min-Ha,Lim, Chae Eun The National Institute of Biological Resources 2014 Journal of species research Vol.3 No.2

As part of a study to understand the current status of Korean plant species propagated in foreign countries, we conducted extensive surveys on Korean living collections in the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, the oldest public arboretum in North America. Specifically, we collected and identified the voucher specimens of the living collections and further examined the collection databases to understand the history of how Korean plants were introduced to the Arboretum. We found that a total of 154 Korean taxa (belonging to 49 families and 81 genera) have been planted in the arboretum. Most plants originated from seeds that were directly collected in Korea or obtained via seed exchanges with botanical gardens in Asia, Europe, and U.S.A. Of the 154 taxa, 16 are Korean endemic species, and three are listed as endangered species. In addition, 62 taxa are as floristic regional indicator species of Korea used by the Ministry of Environment.

평창강의 어류군집 특성

홍두표(Doupyo Hong),김재훈(Jaehoon Kim),김범준(Bumjun Kim),김희갑(Hekap Kim),최재석(Jaeseok Choi) 강원대학교 환경연구소 2023 Journal of the Environment Vol.16 No.1

This study aimed to assess the health status of the Pyeongchang River, providing foundational data for the conservation and management of the river. The survey was conducted six times over a period of three years, collecting a total of 2,364 specimens belonging to 3 orders, 8 families, and 28 species. Among the legally protected species, five endangered species (Hemibarbus mylodon, Acheilognathus signifer, Pseudopuntungia tenuicorpa, Gobiobotia brevibarba, Gobiobotia macrocephala) were identified. The proportion of Korean endemic species was 53.2%, and exotic species were not collected. The dominant species, constituting 14.04%, was Zacco koreanus , while subdominant species, comprising 13.71%, were Pungtungia herzi and Zacco platypus. The analysis of feeding habits revealed a predominance of omnivorous species, followed by carnivorous, herbivorous, and insectivorous species. Cluster analysis indicated that all sampling points exhibited favorable values for dominance, diversity, evenness, and richness. Functional feeding group analysis revealed that the ratio of collector-gatherers was the highest, followed by predators, shredders, and filter-feeders. Based on the FAI (Index of Biotic Integrity) analysis, all sampling points in all years received an “A” grade, confirming the well-preserved condition of the aquatic ecosystem in the Pyeongchang River.

산림청 수목원 조성 및 진흥에 관한 법률의 특산식물 목록의 재고

박수경 ( Soo Kyung Park ),길희영 ( Hee Young Gil ),김휘 ( Hui Kim ),장진성 ( Chin Sung Chang ) 한국산림과학회 2013 한국산림과학회지 Vol.102 No.1

The existence of endemism in many parts of the world is an important factor for conservationists. Conservation can only be carried out under national legislation, and national endemics, which have very limited ranges, fully depend on the effort and success of conservation. A total of 523 vascular plant taxa were listed in the latest national checklist by Ministry of Environment in 2005, while the ``Creation and Furtherance of Arboretums Act`` including a national endemic list (appendix 4-1) was established by Korea Forest Service and was legislated as a law in late 2011. This legislation by Korea Forest Service on endemism of Korean vascular plants have required much attention because of discrepancies of nomenclature, taxonomic bias and inflation. Examining data for both lists proposed by Ministry of Environment and Korea Forest Service, of the total of 360 legislated taxa, around 286 taxa are shared with the list of Ministry of Environment, of which about 80% have been found as common taxa. Around 67(18.7%) are typographic errors, and 14 taxa (3.9%) are recorded as illegitimate and invalidly published names. Through this analysis 12 taxa (3.4%) were found in China as well as in Korea and these are thought to be non Korean endemic taxa. Taken together, the legislated list displayed 1/4 (24.9%) errors out of the total list. Only 59 taxa (16.5%) are identified as national endemic species. The remainder are either unresolved candidates (73 taxa, 20.4%) or synonyms (196 taxa, 54.7%) status. It must be noted, that the concept of endemism very much depends on the knowledge of the species concept, taxonomic bias and geographical range of a species. Also, the most major nomenclatural problem tend to be more stable if the information on database about Korea Plant Name, which is managed by Korea National Arboretum are well updated year to year. These exaggerated numbers underscore the urgency for regional conservation planning and implementing effective strategies to preserve these real endemic taxa into the future.

설악산 국립공원의 어류분포

장민호,조가익,하진용,정광석,박성배,주기재 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

설악산 국립공원지역 산간계류의 17개 지점에서 2000년 6월부터 2001년 6월까지 어류상 및 이화학적 요인을 계절별로 총 4회에 걸쳐 분석하였다. 모든 조사지점은 1~3차의 하천으로 비교적 물리·화학적 교란이 적었으며 하천폭은 5~30 m 정도였다. 채집된 어류는 총 18과 42종 2,557개체였고, Cyprinidae는 16종으로 84.7%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, Gobiidae 4종, 5.0?의 상대풍부도를 보였다. Cyprinidae는 전체 채입종의 37.2%를 나타냈다. 우점종은 Zacco temminck로 10개 지점에서 738개체가 채집되어 28.9%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 아우점종은 Rhynchocypris kumkangensis와 Z. platypus로 각각 4개 지점 648개체(25.3%)와 7개 지점 344개체(13.5%)로 나타났다. 한국고유종(Korean endemic species)은 모두 4과 11종 781개체로 30.5%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 고유화 빈도는 25.6%로 한국의 평균 고유화 빈도와 유사하게 나타났다. 본 조사에서 외래어는 채집되지 않았다. 국립공원 내에 서식하는 어류의 다양성 유지와 회복을 위해서는 공원 내는 물론 경계지역 하천의 체계적인 관리가 요구된다. The fish fauna of mountain streams in the Seorak National Park area was investigated from June 2000 to June 2001 (4 times). All 17 sites were relatively undisturbed 1st to 3rd order streams. A total of 2,557 individuals were collected and classified into 17 families and 43 species. Cyprinidae accounted for 37.2% (16 species) of the total fish species and 84.7% (2,165 ind.) of the total abundance. Subdominant families were Gobiidae (4 species, 5.0%) and Balitoridae (3 species, 3.4%). Zacco temmincki (RA 28.9%, 10 sites) dominated. Subdominant species were Rhynchocypris kumkangensis (25.3%, 4 sites) and Zacco platypus (13.5%, 7 sites). Eleven of the species are endemic to Korea (4 families, 30.5%). Exotic species were not collected in this survey. Fish diversity was higher in streams around the boundary area than in the national park. Therefore, management of streams in the boundary area to protect the fish biodiversity can be efficiently conducted. Habitat degradation should be reduced for the conservation and restoration of fish diversity.

지리산국립공원 주요계곡부의 관속식물상

안현철,안주언,박삼봉,조현서,안종빈,박정근,김봉규,박은희,김임규,추갑철 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.48 No.4

To investigate the distribution of vascular plants growing at four major valley of JirisanNational Park such as Daesung-valley, Pia-valley, Chilseon-valley, and Baemsa-valley, wesurveyed a total of 40 times from May in 2012 to November in 2013. The flora ofDaesung-valley was classified as a total of 421 taxa comprising of 103 families, 339 genus, 367species, 4 subspecies, 42 varieties, 6 forma. A total of 449 taxa in the Pia-valley wereinvestigated as 98 families, 267 genus, 385 species, 5 subspecies, 51 varieties, and 8 forma. The flora of Chilseon-valley was classified as a total of 503 taxa consisting of 105 families,302 genus, 448 species, 3 subspecies, 45 varieties, and 7 forma. The Baemsa-valley wasconsisted of a total of 735 taxa comprising of 98 families, 252 genus, 361 species, 3subspecies, 43 varieties and 9 forma. The korean rare and endangered plant species designatedby the Korea Forest Service were investigated as 30 species from four major valleys. Theendemic plants in Korea were investigated as 20 taxa comprising of 14 families, 18 genera, and20 species. The floristic special plants were a total of 128 taxa such as 53 taxa in class I, 24taxa in class II, 29 taxa in class III, 12 taxa in class Ⅳ, and 10 taxa in class Ⅴ. 본 연구는 지리산국립공원 4개 계곡지역의 관속식물상을 2012년 5월부터 2013년 11월 까지 총 40회조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구 대상지역에 분포하는 관속식물의 출현은 대성골에서는 103과 339속 367종4아종 42변종 6품종 419분류군, 피아골에서는 98과 267속 385종 5아종 51변종 8품종 449분류군, 칠선계곡에서는 105과 302속 448종 3아종 45변종 7품종 503분류군, 뱀사골에서는 98과 252속 361종 3아종 43변종 9품종 416분류군으로 모두 117과 391속 647종 5아종 74변종 9품종 735분류군이 출현하였다. 4개 계곡 지역에서 산림청지정 희귀멸종식물은 30종이 출현하였으며, 특산식물은 14과 18속 20종20분류군이 출현하였고, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 Ⅰ등급에서는 53종, Ⅱ등급에서는 24종, Ⅲ등급에서는 29종, Ⅳ등급에서는 12종, Ⅴ등급에서는 10종, 총 128종류가 출현하였다.

Manipulation of flowering by cold temperature and photoperiodic control in Veronica nakaiana Ohwi, a korean endemic species

임남현,이효범 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.6

Veronica nakaiana Ohwi is a Korean endemic species and has potential value as an ornamental and breeding resource of Veronica species. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the environmental factors for fl oral induction to manipulate f l owering for the industrial application of this plant. This study was conducted to investigate the fl owering response of V. nakaiana to cold temperatures and photoperiod treatments. In Expt. 1, six-week-old seedlings were treated with a cold temperature of 5 °C for from 0 to 12 weeks. After the artifi cial cold treatments, the plants were subjected to the fol lowing photoperiod treatments: 9/15, 12/12, 14/10, 16/8, or 24/0 (day/night) h. In Expt. 2, seven-month-old plants were transferred to an open fi eld for natural cold treatments and the chilling hours were calculated to quantify the fl owering response to cold temperatures. In Expt. 1, the photoperiod does not aff ect the percent fl owering or fl owering time. The plants fl owered only after artifi cial cold treatments lasting for more than eight weeks. However, the average percent fl ow ering was less than half. In Expt. 2, although fl owering was also observed only after more than eight weeks of natural cold treatment, the percent fl owering in Expt. 2 was higher than that in Expt. 1. In both experiments, the number of days to fl owering signifi cantly decreased with increasing the cold treatment period. These results indicated that V. nakaiana is a day-neutral plant and requires a prolonged period of cold temperatures. In addition, the cold requirement showed an age-dependent response on fl owering.

Distribution of Vascular Plants in the Ulleung Forest Trail Area (Namyang to Taehayeong)

Shin, Hyun-Tak,Yi, Myung-Hoon,Yoon, Jung-Woo National Science Museum of Korea 2011 Journal of Korean nature Vol.4 No.4

The result of the study on the flora of the Ulleung-do forest trail's Namyang - Taeharyeong segment showed a total of 199 taxa, including 68 families, 150 genera, 169 species, 26 varieties, 2 Formas and 2 subspecies. 1 species of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. was observed as a Ministry of Environment-designated endangered species, and the species was observed continuously along the dense hiking trails and valley areas between Namyang and Taeharyeong. It is predicted that damage caused by collecting or stomping by individuals near the hiking region will occur. In terms of the IUCN standard, among species found in the Ulleung-do forest trail region, CR species included 1 species of Calanthe discolor for. sieboldii [Decne.] Ohwi, EN species included 5 species of Cirsium nipponicum [Maxim.] Makino, Lathracea japonica Miquel, Neocheiropteris ensata (Thunb.) Ching, Arisaema takesimense Nakai and Gymnadenia camtschatica (Cham.) Miyabe et Kudo, VU species included 7 species of Adiantum pedatum, Polypodium vulgare L., Taxus cuspidata var. latifolia Nakai, Trillium tschonoskii Maxim., Lilium hamsonii Leichtl., Hepatica maxima Nakai and Phytolacca insularis Nakai, LC species included 7 species of Asplenium scolopendrium L., Tsuga sieboldii Carriere, Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr., Fagus engleriana Seemen ex Diels, Celtis choseniana Nakai, Tiarella polyphylla D. Don and Campanula takesimana Nakai, and DD species included 2 species of Rumex longifolius DC and Lamium takesimense Nakai. The study observed a total of 20 Korean endemic species, including Athyrium acutipinulum Kodama, Arisaema takesimense Nakai, Fagus engleriana Seemen ex Diels, Silene takesimensis Uyeki et Sakata, Lamium takesimense Nakai and Veronica insularis Nakai. Fagus engleriana Seemen ex Diels especially was found distributed evenly across the study area, and Campanula takesimana Nakai, Rubus takesimensis Nakai and the Hepatica maxima Nakai were observed in small colonies, although the distribution was uneven. Ecologically significant plant species include 15 taxa of Class I, 4 taxa of Class II, 15 taxa of Class III, 27 taxa of Class IV and 2 taxa of Class V, for a total of 63 taxa. Gymnadenia camtschatica (Cham.) Miyabe et Kudo, Hepatica maxima Nakai and Silene takesimensis Uyeki et Sakata are especially exposed to becoming damaged by hikers as a result of their beautiful flowers. Naturalized plant species included the Rumex crispus L., Trifolium repens L., Oenothera biennis L., Veronica arvensis L., Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers., Ambrosia artemisifolia L. and the Sonchus oleraceus L., for a total of 4 families, 7 genera, 7 species and 7 taxa, and it has been assessed that the region included 11% of the entire naturalized plants of the Ulleung-do region. Furthermore, a method of managing and protecting Ambrosia artemisifolia L., which is a Ministry of Environment-designated invasive alien species, must be prepared.

한려해상국립공원 동부지역 특정도서의 식물상

안현철,김종섭,추갑철,박삼봉,안종빈,하현우,김진중,김봉규,박정근 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2015 농업생명과학연구 Vol.49 No.4

본 연구는 한려해상국립공원 동부지역에 위치한 8개 특정도서의 관속식물상을 조사·분석하여 특정도서의 생태계를 보전하고 관리하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 실시하였다. 조사지역에서 양치식물 3과 4속 4종 1변종 5분류군, 나자식물은 1과 1속 2종 2분류군, 피자식물중 쌍자엽식물은 49과 108속 130종 1아종 16변종 1품종 148분류군, 단자엽식물은 8과 33속 33종 6변종 1품종 40분류군으로 총 61과 146속 169종 1아종 23변종 2품종 195분류군이 출현하였다. 특정도서별로 어유도는 47과 94속 96종 13변종 109분류군, 등대섬 44과 92속 89종 1아종 14변종 2품종 106분류군, 갈도 44과 73속 74종 7변종 1품종 82분류군, 송도 38과 71속 72종 8변종 80분류군, 홍도 11과 15속 15종 1변종 16분류군, 소병대도는 9과 13속 12종 2변종 14분류군, 소다포도는 9과 13속 14종 14분류군, 대병대도는 8과 11속 12종 12분류군이 조사되었다. 한국특산식물 1종, 귀화식물은 2과 5속 5종 5분류군, 희귀식물 4과 4속 3종 1변종 4분류군이 조사되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 Ⅰ등급 33종, Ⅲ등급 7종, Ⅳ등급 1종, Ⅴ등급 1종이 출현하였다. This study was carried out to offer for the conservation and management of ecosystem by surveying and analysing of vascular plants growing at specific islands located in eastern area of Hallyeohaesang National Park. In order to investigate the vegetation of this area, we conducted a total of 20times including the preliminary investigation from April 2011 to October 2013. As the results, a total of 195taxa comprising of 61families, 146genus, 169species, 23varieties, and 2forma including gymnosperm(2taxa), angiosperms(188taxa), and pteridophyte(5taxa) were investigated. According to specific islands in eastern area of Hallyeohaesang National Park, 109taxa of 47families, 94genus, 96species, and 13varieties in Eoyu-do, 106taxa of 44families, 92genus, 89species, 1subspecies, 14varieties, 2forma in Deungdae-seom, 82taxa of 44families, 73genus, 74species, and 7varieties in Gal-do, 88taxa of 38families, 71genus, 72species, and 8varieties in Song-do, 16 taxa of 11 families, 15genus, 15species, and 1varieties in Hong-do, 14taxa of 9families, 13genus, 12species, and 2varieties in Sobyeongdae-do, 14taxa of 14families, 13genus, and 14species in Sodapo-do, and 12taxa of 8families, 11genus, and 12species in Daebyeongdae-do were investigated. 1 species of the endemic plants, 5 species of the naturalized plants, and 4species of the Korean rare and endangered plant species were investigated. The floristic special plants at specific islands located in eastern area of Hallyeohaesang National Park were a total of 42 taxa such as 33 species in class I, 7species in class III, 1species in class Ⅳ, and 1species in class Ⅴ. However, the class II in this area was not appear.