인천항 항만배후단지 물류센터의 경쟁력 향상에 관한 연구

박원근 ( Won Geun Park ),안웅 ( Ung Ahn ),배승권 ( Seung Kwon Bae ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2016 해운물류연구 Vol.32 No.2

본 연구에서는 AHP 기법을 적용하여 인천항 항만배후단지의 물류센터의 경쟁력 향상 요인 모형을 구축하고, 학계, 민간, 정부관련 전문가를 대상으로 인천항 항만배후단지에 입주한 물류기업과 정책수립자와 항만서비스 제공자 및 전문가들이 느끼는 항만배후단지의 경쟁력 향상 요인의 인식 차이를 조사하여 배후단지의 운영에 대한 운영적인 측면과 부가가치 창출에 있어서의 개선방향을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 분석결과 "항만과 내륙운송 연계"가 가장 높은 차이를 나타났으며, 그 외에도 네트워크 부문에 대하여 차이가 나타났다. 즉, 인천항 항만배후단지 입주물류센터 관점에서는 외부의 시각과는 달리 물류센터에서 취급되는 주요 품목과 항만에서 취급하는 주요 품목간의 연계성을 통한 항만물동량 창출과 부가가치 향상에 대해서는 전체 응답자를 대상으로 한 결과 보다는 상대적으로 덜 중요하다고 생각하고 있다. 항만배후단지 입주물류센터를 대상으로 분석한 결과와 전체 응답자를 대상으로 경쟁력 향상 요인의 중요도 인식 차이에 대해 비교 분석을 실시하였으며, 현재 항만배후단지 경쟁력 개선에 실질적인 정책적 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. 또한 결론부분에서 위와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 항만배후단지 경쟁력 향상을 위한 정책수립자와 입주 물류센터가 고려해야할 정책적·실무적 시사점을 정리하여 제시하였다. This study builds a competitiveness factor model for the logistics centers in Incheon port`s hinterland using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and proposes to improve the added value and operating process of Incheon port`s hinterland. The purpose is to survey the importance of various competitiveness factors in Incheon port`s hinterland, which are analyzed by the logistics company using experts from the academic, private, or government sector. To comparatively analyze the importance of the various competitiveness factors` differences between logistics centers in the Incheon port hinterland and those for the other respondents, this study has found that the "connection between ports and inland" makes the most difference. Moreover, "network" segments, such as "customized logistics services," "rent fee," "in and out of cargo and the accuracy of the delivery time," and "a variety of routes and frequencies" account for the rest of the difference. Consequently, we propose that in improving the added value and by creating cargo volumes, using the linkages between major products of the logistics center in the port hinterland and major cargo handled in the port, the logistics center is less important in Incheon port`s hinterland than for the other respondents. Logistics companies in the port hinterland and policy makers should consider these results. Additionally, logistics companies in the port hinterland consider that certain distinctive core competences include providing "customized logistics services" to shippers, according to their conditions, and "reducing operating expenses," as the aggressive investments of the logistics company in the port hinterland must be followed through. In particular, they propose that the government establishing "network" segments is most important for the relative improvement of the competitiveness factors of logistics centers in Incheon port`s hinterland. Moreover, they consider the return on investment (ROI), which is the competitive factor of profit to the investor resulting from an investment of resource, and is important to indicate the financial efficiency and competitiveness of the logistics center. This means that the competitiveness of the port`s hinterland can be significantly influenced by the assets and financial competitiveness of the logistics center in the port hinterland. In conclusion, this study has policy and practical implications that logistics companies in the port`s hinterland and policy makers should consider for improving the competitiveness of the port hinterland.

항만 배후부지 경쟁력 평가에 관한 연구

김율성(Yulseong Kim),김상열(Sangyoul Kim) 한국항만경제학회 2011 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

기업들의 국제 분업화와 SCM(supply chain management) 체계 확산을 계기로 SCM과 물류가 통합되었으며, 이러한 패러다임 변화에 의해 항만과 공항의 배후단지가 공급, 제조, 유통 등의 중심지가 되고 있다. 또한, 글로벌 SCM 체계의 확산 과정에서 글로벌 기업들은 항만 및 항만 배후부지의 경쟁력을 평가하는데 있어 입지여건을 매우 중요한 요인으로 평가하였고, 기존의 물동량 창출과 함께 배후부지에서의 부가가치물류(value added logistics)의 중요성이 강화되고 있는 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 항만 배후부지의 경쟁력 평가 모형을 수립하고,7개 국내외 항만 배후부지를 평가하고자 하였다. AHP 분석을 통해 항만 배후부지 경쟁력 평가요인들의 중요도 분석을 수행한 결과는 물류요인이 62.3%의 중요도를 보이며, 다음으로 배후경제요인(27.3%), 도시 및 정책요인(10.4%)의 순으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 항만 배후부지 경쟁력 향상을 위해서는 상대적으로 중요도가 높은 물류 요소에 대한 활성화방안 마련이 가장 필수적임을 의미한다. 특히, 항만의 서비스노선과 항공 네트워크망 구축이 필요하며, 이를 지원하기 위한 인프라 확충도 뒤따라야 할 것이다. 국내외 7대 항만 배후부지 경쟁력에 대한 부산항의 평가 결과는 싱가포르, 홍콩, 상해에 이어 4위로 평가되었다. 향후 본 연구에서 제시한 항만 배후부지 경쟁력 평가모형을 바탕으로 경쟁력을 평가하여 차별화된 인센티브 제공 등에 대한 연구가 추가되어야 할 것이다. Global companies regard the conditions of a location as one of the most crucial factors to assess the competitiveness of ports and the port hinterland, as well as emphasize creation of throughput and the importance of value added logistics in the hinterland under diffusing Supply Chain ManagementCSCM). This study deals with the evaluation of competitiveness in 7 hinterlands and the establishment of assessment model in hinterland. This study analyzes the importance of factors for the port hinterland competitiveness using AHP method. As a result, logistics factor, accounting for 62.3%, is shown as the relative more important factor, followed by hinterland"s economy factorsC27.3%) and city/policy factorClO.4%). The result implicates that measures to activate logistics factors with relatively high importance are essentially needed in order to improve the competitiveness of the hinterland of Busan New Port. Especially, it is needed to establish service routes of the port and air networks and to expand infrastructure for support. This study also assesses the competitiveness of hinterlands for the seven domestic and foreign ports based on importance of assessment factors for the hinterland competitiveness using AHP analysis. BusanC3.903) is ranked fourth behind SingaporeC4.570), Hong KongC4.357) and ShanghaiC4.042) in assessment.

우리나라 항만배후단지의 개발방향 및 효과에 대한 실증연구

최광수(Gwang-Su Choi.),김형일(Hyeong-Il Kim),안승범(Seung-Bum Ahn) 한국항만경제학회 2005 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

This paper aims to identify the new role of the hinterland and bring forth the improved plan of the hinterland development in Korea. Therefore, we surveyed several groups related to ports and hinterland, including future directions of hinterland development.<br/> From the survey, we had several important implications as the following:<br/> First, the function of ports can be highly emphasized as a total logistics center, not only as a connection of land and marine transportation. In this regard, ports must be equipped with general logistics capabilities. Second, hinterland should include manufacturing capabilities, enabling proper logistics, assembly, processing and production. To develop port hinterland areas as a total logistics center, value-added logistics, distribution, and manufacturing activities are essential; enough land for those functions are also required. Third, to activate the hinterland and to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness, the hinterland should be developed to accept various needs of groups related to ports and port hinterland.

평택항 항만배후단지 활성화를 위한 입주기업 지원방안

정태원 ( Chung Tae-won ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2020 해운물류연구 Vol.36 No.3

본 연구는 평택항 항만배후단지의 기능 및 역할 재정비를 통해 항만배후단지 관리운영의 효율성 증대와 기능 고도화를 꾀하고 입주기업의 경영활성화를 위한 지원방안을 마련하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 평택항 항만배후단지 적용 실행 가능 사업들을 도출하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 입주기업 경영 협의회를 활성화할 필요가 있으며. 항만배후단지 입주시 부가가치가 높은 PDI, PIO 기업들에 가점 등을 부여할 필요가 있다. 또한 관련 분야 채용박람회 개최와 상시적 인력수요에 대한 채용프로그램 도입으로 신규인력 수요에 적극 대응해야 하며 다양한 배후교통망 확보로 배후단지 근로자 접근성 제고가 필요하다. 마지막으로 유치산업(업종)과 연계한 임대료 인하 방안을 검토할 필요가 있으며 항만배후단지에 대한 국가 및 지자체의 지원체계를 명확히 해야할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to improve the efficiency of management and operation of the port hinterland by rearranging the functions and roles of the port hinterland in Pyeongtaek Port, and to prepare a support plan for the management vitalization of the tenant companies. The following are possible businesses that can be applied to the port hinterland of Pyeongtaek Port. First, it is necessary to activate the tenant company management council and When entering into the port hinterland, it is necessary to give additional advantages to PDI and PIO companies with high added value. In addition, Port authority needs to actively respond to the demand for new personnel by holding a recruitment fair in related fields and introducing a recruitment program for the regular demand for manpower, and to enhance the accessibility of workers in the hinterland by securing various hinterland transportation networks. Lastly, it needs to clarify the support system of the government and local governments for the port hinterland.

A study on competition of hinterland in Zhejiang Province between Shanghai Port and Ningbo Port

Jia-bin Li,이수호 한국항해항만학회 2010 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.34 No.7

Ningbo Port develops quickly in recent years and with the combination of Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port, it becomes another important port in the Shanghai International Shipping center. Competition between the two biggest ports in this area can’t be avoided. The goal of this paper is investigating the competence of port from two angles, which are spatial structure of the ports cluster and neighboring ports' attraction to cargoes at conjunct hinterlands. The paper firstly uses the HHI index model and shift-share method to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the data of container throughputs of ports in the shipping center, in order that investigates the spatial structure of ports cluster. Basing on above researches, the paper employs the location quotient to study Shanghai port and Ningbo port's hinterland distributions at Zhejiang province. The conclusion of this study:( I)the ports cluster of the Shanghai International Shipping Center is highly centralized, and undergoes a porcess of first centralization then decentralization since the mid of 90s, last century. (2)Hinterlands of Shanghai port includes: Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Quzhou districts; Hinterlands of Ningbo port includes: Ningbo, Taizhou and Zhoushan districts. Ningbo Port develops quickly in recent years and with the combination of Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port, it becomes another important port in the Shanghai International Shipping center. Competition between the two biggest ports in this area can’t be avoided. The goal of this paper is investigating the competence of port from two angles, which are spatial structure of the ports cluster and neighboring ports' attraction to cargoes at conjunct hinterlands. The paper firstly uses the HHI index model and shift-share method to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the data of container throughputs of ports in the shipping center, in order that investigates the spatial structure of ports cluster. Basing on above researches, the paper employs the location quotient to study Shanghai port and Ningbo port's hinterland distributions at Zhejiang province. The conclusion of this study:( I)the ports cluster of the Shanghai International Shipping Center is highly centralized, and undergoes a porcess of first centralization then decentralization since the mid of 90s, last century. (2)Hinterlands of Shanghai port includes: Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Quzhou districts; Hinterlands of Ningbo port includes: Ningbo, Taizhou and Zhoushan districts.

2종 항만배후단지 입지시설의 법적 성격과 개발 활성화를 위한 개선방안

장정원 ( Jeongwon Jang ),이향숙 ( Hyangsook Lee ) 한국로지스틱스학회 2021 로지스틱스연구 Vol.29 No.6

Through the complete revision of the Port Act in 2020, a new regulation has been established that prohibits the rental of port facilities in principle if the port facilities built by private investors do not belong to the state and are owned by the private sector, and the transfer of the port facilities for ten years after creation unless there are special reasons such as inheritance. With the introduction of this regulation, the development of port facilities by private investors has faced a major crisis. This has a greater impact on the revitalization of the second-class port hinterland where facilities for general business, commerce, and residence are located to support the port’s function than those of the first-class port hinterland, which perform original logistics roles. However, for facilities in and around the second-class port hinterland to be subject to the new regulation, it must be premised that those are port facilities, and there have been disagreements within the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries as to whether they correspond to port facilities. As a result of requesting legal interpretation from the Ministry of Government Legislation, it was suggested that the facilities located in the second-class port hinterland correspond to port facilities. The opinion of the Ministry of Government Legislation is questionable, however, in its validity considering the legislative purpose of the second-class port hinterland. Therefore, this study examines the meaning, function, and future development plans for the port hinterland, and highlights problems in the interpretation by the Ministry through interviews with experts in the subject matter, literary interpretations of related regulations, and research on the legislative purpose. According to the history of the revision of the Port Act, it is clear that the facilities in the second-class port hinterland do not correspond to port facilities. Furthermore, this study proposes legislative improvement plans to address the problem caused by uncertainty in the legal character of the facilities.

연구논문 : AHP를 활용한 항만배후단지 경쟁력 평가요인에 관한 연구 -광양항 항만배후단지를 중심으로-

경성림 ( Cheng Lin Qing ),나주몽 ( Ju Mong Na ) 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 2012 지역개발연구 Vol.44 No.2

항만배후단지 연구들은 주로 배후물류단지 입주를 경정하는 요인에 대한 연구와 배후단지 이용자들을 대상으로 한 배후단지의 서비스 품질, 고객만족과 고객행동에 대한 연구, 배후부지에 대한 실태분석과 이를 위한 개선방안 등이 주를 이루었다. 최근에는 항만배후단지의 경쟁력 평가에 관한 연구가 다소 이루어지고 있으나 항만배후단지 관련 기관의 전문가를 중심으로 연구가 이루어지고 있어 실질적으로 항만배후단지에 입주한 기업의 입장을 고려하지 않아 연구에 일정한 한계를 보이고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 광양항 항만배후단지의 경쟁력 평가요인을 배후단지에 입주한 기업과 배후단지와 관련된 공공기관의 입장에서 비교·분석함으로써 동북아 물류 중심항을 목표로 하고 있는 광양항을 사례로 기타 항만배후단지가 치열한 항만경쟁 시대에 있어서 보다 구체적인 활성화 방안을 모색하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 항만배후단지를 담당하는 기관의 전문가입장뿐만 아니라 입주한 기업의 담당자의 입장을 같이 고려하여 경쟁력 평가요인을 분석함으로써 산업변화에 따른 항만배후단지 조성으로 한국의 무역항이 다양한 항만배후기능을 통해 물류산업 활동의 성장과 발전으로 지역주민에 대한 고용창출과 소득 및 세수증대의 경제적 파급효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. Korea also has a port hinterland development plan focused on Gwang-yang container port. Global companies regard the conditions of the location as one of the most crucial factors to assess the competitiveness of ports and the port hinterland, as well as emphasize creation of throughput and the importance of value added logistics in the hinterland under diffusing Supply Chain Management(SCM). In this study, Competitiveness factors of Gwang-yang Port`s hinterland hierarchically decomposed to determine the importance Versatile and widely used in the field of decision-making using a hierarchical analysis. The result, companies and public institutions Gwangyang Port Hinterland importance for competitive evaluation factors, is different. Companies have been analyzed by the most important factor in logistics costs. Public agencies, on the other hand, have been analyzed by the most importance factor is hinterland conditions. Important comprehensive analysis of the factors detailed assessment, Companies have been analyzed by the most important factor in costs of unloading·transport·storage. Public agencies have been analyzed by the most important factor in FDI(Foreign Direct Investment).

Determinants of FDI Inflow in Regional Port with Resource-Base View and Institutional Theory : A Case Study of Pohang-Yeongil Port

조혁수,하영석 한국해운물류학회 2009 The Asian journal of shipping and Logistics Vol.25 No.2

Given that FDI inflows can serve to encourage economic growth in host countries, FDI has been a popular research theme in academic and practical territories. With the development of logistics, a port hinterland becomes an important means to attract MNEs' FDI. This study provides important theoretical implications to the literature on global supply chain management in port hinterlands. In specific, the FDI inflow in Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland is closely examined. This study argues that Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland should have effective strategies to attract MNEs' FDI overcoming its location disadvantages. Idiosyncratic strategies are necessary for Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland to attract the investment, which can create superior market position and SCA. This study shows how the government supporting policy can be effective to FDI inflow in Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland with regard to the institutional theory. The resource-based view is used to justify FTZ, industry cluster, and ICT infrastructures as major determinants to attract MNEs' FDI. Reviewing the theoretical implications assists in understanding how Pohang-Yeongil port can attract MNEs' FDI in the hinterland.

Fuzzy-AHP와 Fuzzy-TOPSIS를 이용한 항만배후단지 경쟁력 제고 방안에 관한 연구

리우치엔,김동진,김태훈 한국무역연구원 2022 무역연구 Vol.18 No.5

Purpose – This thesis intends to establish a development plan and opinion of the port hinterland. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on previous research, we deduced factors related to port hinterland competitiveness evaluation and measures to enhance port hinterland competitiveness, and then applied factors and enhancement plans selected through Fuzzy-AHP and Fuzzy-TOPSIS theories, based on the survey data used. Findings – As a result, the cost factor (0.1972) and logistics factor (0.1947) were found to be the highest among major factors. The importance of the detailed factors of each major factor is as follows: logistics cost (0.2941), hinterland logistics infrastructure (0.3780), port comprehensive information system (0.3150), inter-industry cluster (0.3671), strategic location on logistics network (0.3636), PR and marketing support (0.3395), and the size of the underlying market (0.5614) were calculated as factors. In terms of overall importance, the strategic location on the logistics network (0.0708) and the inland transport network (0.0675) were derived to be the highest. As a result of the competitiveness enhancement plan, a plan to provide incentives to companies in the hinterland of the port was prepared (0.8413), and a standard rate system was prepared and presented as a guideline (0.7962). Research Implications – First, in order to enhance the competitiveness of the port hinterland, it is necessary to focus on minimizing the cost and establish a method to enhance competitiveness. Second, a global logistics hub and port hinterland should be established. Third, incentives should be provided to domestic and foreign tenants.

개별항만의 컨테이너 물동량에 대한 지향지-배후지 효과

노승혁(Seung-hyuk Roh),김기태(Ki-tae Kim) 한국국제상학회 2012 國際商學 Vol.27 No.1

The total container throughput of each port is the sum of cargo operated at the port among the cargo from between a hinterland and a foreland. Although the total throughput of each port is influenced by various factors, this study considers the factors as a representative factor like a port popularity and suggests two factors ; a hinterland effect and a foreland effect influencing on the port's traffic. In the study, the foreland effect is explained by a oversea distance between a port and a foreland, and the hinterland effect is explained by a inland transportation cost between a port and a hinterland. The influence of the two effects on the port traffic is analyzed by a multilayer perceptron model. In the result, we find that the cargo flow between a hinterland and a foreland is splitted to each port by the foreland effect and the hinterland effect. The findings will make it possible to forecast the port traffic by more detailed research.