신내생적 발전론의 관점에서 본 지역개발사업 평가체계 고찰

이기원(LEE Kee-Won),나정대(NAH Jeong-Dae) 지역사회학회 2014 지역사회학 Vol.15 No.2

지역사회 개발과 관련한 이론적 논의는 외생적 발전론에서 내생적 발전론을 거쳐 신내생적 발전론으로 주축이 옮겨지고 있다. 신내생적 발전론은 내생적 발전론과의 이론적 차별성이 떨어진다는 비판이 있으나, 현실적인 지역개발 상황을 반영하는 이론으로 주목받고 있다. 대부분의 기존 연구들이 신활력사업을 내생적 발전론 관점에서 분석하였지만 여러 측면에서 볼 때 신내생적 발전론의 관점에서 분석하는 것이 보다 적합한 것으로 보인다. 신활력사업의 평가체계 또한 신내생적 발전론 관점에서 분석해 볼 필요가 있다. 향후 지역개발사업의 평가체계에는 신내생적 발전론의 관점을 반영하여 다양한 주체의 참여, 분권화, 참여 주체의 역량 구축, 경제발전에서 농촌지역의 가치 재정립 등이 포함되어야 할 것이며, 이러한 추상적인 개념을 계량화하는 연구가 필요하다. The main stream theoretical discussion on local community development theory moved from exogenous development theory to neo-endogenous development theory via endogenous development theory. There are some criticism that neo-endogenous development theory shows little theoretical difference from endogenous development theory, but it reflects real circumstances regarding regional development better and receives broad attention. Most of previous researches on revitalization project were analyzed from an endogenous development theoretical point of view, but it seems more adequate to analyze it with neo-endogenous development theory from a number of perspectives. The evaluation system of revitalization project should be reassessed from a neo-endogenous development theoretical point of view, as well. The evaluation system of future regional development project should reflect neo-endogenous development theoretical point of view, which includes participation of various actors, decentralization, capacity-building of participants, revaluation of rural area in economic development. Further research on quantifying these abstract concepts will be needed.

Endogenous Development Strategy of Technopolis in Korea: Case of Daedeok INNOPOLIS

Eung-Hyun Lee,Deog-Seong Oh 세계과학도시연합 2016 World Technopolis Review Vol.5 No.1

The development of Technopolis and the establishment of innovative ecosystem have made an important contribution in South Korea’s latest industrial development and economic growth. Particularly, Daedeok INNOPOLIS which is responsible for the central role in the national science technology advancement was founded as the Science Town in the 1970s. Since then, it has undergone three-phases of development: Science Park, Technopolis and Innovation cluster. As the result of the transition, Daedeok INNOPOLIS currently serve as the leading role for achieving sustainable economic growth, employment promotion, national and regional innovation. In order to accelerate the progress for success, Daedeok INNOPOLIS have arranged an opportunity for 21st century new industry development, improved growth of technology-intensive SMEs, reinforced academic-industrial cooperation, and established innovative ecosystem. Daedeok INNOPOLIS is considered as an outstanding case of endogenous development strategy of Technopolis. This study attempts to consider the endogenous development strategy of Technopolis in Korea through the analysis of development characteristics of Daedeok INNOPOLIS in two different perspectives: changes of spatial structure and establishment of innovation ecosystem. Daedeok INNOPOLIS have experienced a series of endogenous growth that is consisted of advancement strategy and structural changes, which allowed Daedeok research town to grow into an innovative cluster. A sign of growth of Daedeok INNOPOLIS became apparent when its strategy to reinforce the academic-industry cooperation system by promoting participation from universities helped to overcome a functional limitation as a research institute integrated for the establishment of innovative ecosystem. Since then, the center for creative economy and innovation established in cooperation with large enterprise, has a role to build a startup ecosystem and to promote next level of development such as proactive fostering of venture companies for sustainable technopolis development.

The Turning towards Neo-Endogenous Rural Development of the Farmers Network

Tae-Yeon Kim(김태연) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.2

이 논문은 2005년부터 2009년까지 농식품부에서 지원하는 지역농업클러스터 사업을 수행한 농업생산자 단체 인 푸른들 영농조합법인의 신내생적 발전과정을 분석한 것이다. 신내생적 발전론은 기존의 외생적/내생적 발전론처럼 발전을 지리적인 내부와 외부로 구분하는 것은 실제 농촌발전과정에서 나타나는 현상을 제대로 설명하지 못한다고 비판하고, 발전의 초기에는 내부와 외부의 자원을 동시에 활용하는 신내생적 발전이 나타나며 실질적으로 발전에 도 움이 되는 자원들을 조절할 수 있는 능력이 가장 핵심적인 요소라고 주장한다. 유럽에서 시작된 이 개념을 우리나라 지역농업 클러스터 사업에 적용해서 살펴봄으로써 지역농업클러스터 사업을 지역에서 실행하면서 나타나는 사업주체 와 행정기관 간의 갈등은 단순히 내생적/외생적인 논란으로는 그 실체를 파악하기 어렵고 신내생적 발전의 개념을 적 용해야 그 장기적인 변화방향을 파악할 수 있다는 것이다. 결론적으로 이 연구에서는 아산의 사례를 통해서 농민단체 가 발전을 주도할 수 있는 능력이 있다면 이들이 시행하는 것은 내생적 발전으로 진화하는 과도기 단계의 신내생적 발전이라고 평가할 수 있다는 것이다. This paper deals with the novel concept of neo-endogenous rural development which has been applied to explain the contemporary features of the European rural development. The notion of neo-endogenous rural development has been emerged in Europe because the pervious dichotomous concepts of exogenous and endogenous development are no longer useful for explaining the relationship between the local actors and the central or regional administrative organisations. The concept argues that the changing situation of rural regions at the initial stages of endogenous development could only be identified by the concept of neo-endogenous perspectives. Therefore, it tries to apply the concept for the Korean rural development policy which is called Regional Agricultural Cluster scheme. Explaining the development processes and the problems of the farmers group which carried out the project in a local level, this paper argues that the severe conflict between the farmers group and the City Office may be a typical incident of the neo-endogenous development. It expresses the power relations between the local groups and the political managing authority. With the case of the Prundle, it concludes that the neo-endogenous development is the essential stage for all the endogenous development to go through as an transitional one.

농촌개발정책의 한일간 바교연구

박진도 한일경상학회 2005 韓日經商論集 Vol.31 No.-

It is one of the most difficult problems to solve regional disparities between urban and rural areas in most countries. In broad terms, two contrasting strategies have led the rural development policies in developed countries. Exogenous model(driven from outside) was very popular until 1970s, but it was falling into disrepute by the late 1970s. Since the 1980s, so-called endogenous model(driven from within) to rural development has become the major strategy in its sustainable development. The level or stage of the endogenous rural development, however, is very different over the countries. This paper examines, first, the changing process from exogenous model to endogenous model in rural development policies of two countries, Korea and Japan. It then considers the difference of the stages of endogenous development, analysing the cases of rural development in two countries. The final section looks at the importance to rural endogenous development of local autonomy and capacity-building.

사회적 경제 관점에서 본 내생적 지역관광발전의 과제와 정책적 함의

심원섭 한국관광학회 2017 관광학연구 Vol.41 No.6

본 연구는 대안적 관광발전론으로서 사회적 경제의 지역적 의미와 그 역할을 명확히 하기 위하여 사회적 경제가 갖는 내생적 지역관광발전의 함의에 초점을 맞추고 논의하였다. 이를 위해 사회적 경제와 내생적 발전, 내생적 지역관광발전의 의미를 이론적으로 살펴보았고, 해외의 사회적 경제를 통한 내생적 지역발전 사례와 국내의 관광분야 사회적 경제 운영사례를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 향후 사회적 경제의 관점에서 지역의 내생적 관광발전을 추진하기 위한 과제와 정책적 함의를 제시하였다. 사회적 경제 개념을 토대로 지역의 내생적 관광발전을 위해서는 첫째, 사회적 경제가 지역의 내생적 관광발전을 위한 중요한 틀이 될 수 있다는 필요성 인식과 이를 위한 제도적 토대 마련이 필요하다. 둘째, 지역관광이 사회적 경제를 통해 발전하기 위해서는 지역사회내의 자발적 네트워크와 협력적 거버넌스가 형성되어야 한다. 셋째, 사회적 자본 형성과 투명하고 참여 구성원 보호 장치 마련이 필요하다. 넷째, 지역관광혁신인재의 양성과 지역주민 역량강화가 필요하다. 이를 바탕으로 사회적 경제가 내생적 지역관광발전의 틀로 작용하기 위해서는 지역관광정책에 대한 인식전환, 내생적 지역관광발전의 생태계 구축, 지역사회 및 지역자원 중심의 관광사업모델 개발 및 지원, 제도적 인프라 구축 등이 정책적으로 필요하다. Social economy has been increasingly understood as an alternative solution for regional tourism development, particularly for endogenous tourism development. Therefore, this study discusses the concept of social economy from the perspective of regional tourism development, by theoretically conceptualizing social economy, endogenous tourism development and the relationship between these concepts. The research analyzes interesting cases in which social economy was used for regional development. The results provide several practical implications for tourism policy. First, based on agreement among stakeholders, a region needs to internalize the value of social economy by increasing awareness of social economy as an effective solution for regional development. Second, a region needs to form a spontaneous and cooperative network for endogenous tourism development of a social economy. Third, endogenous tourism development of a social economy can be achieved using social capital, the fairness of market and distribution. Fourth, endogenous tourism development of a social economy requires strengthening the overall ability of a region by training human resources who have good will and entrepreneurship. In addition, governmental support that forms regional tourism ecology and that develops alternative tourism business models is a crucial basis for the endogenous tourism development of social economy.

농촌의 내생적 발전을 위한 전통지식 개발전략

박덕병(Park Deog Byeong) 한국농촌사회학회 2003 農村社會 Vol.13 No.2

내생적 발전을 통한 농촌개발의 접근방법은 전통지식을 이용하여 농촌개발의 자원으로 변형시키는 전략을 공통적으로 가지고 있다. 이러한 농촌개발 전략은 전통지식을 새롭게 인식하고, 재구성하여, 가치화하는 전략을 찾아내는 것으로 요약될 수 있다. 이 연구는 내생적 농촌개발을 전통지식을 개발을 위한 여섯 가지 전제조건과 네 가지 개발전략을 제시하고 있다. 내생적 농촌개발을 위한 전통지식 개발의 전제 조건은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전통지식을 현대적인 과학지식과 통합하는 것이다. 둘째, 전통지식을 산업체와 연계하여 상품화하는 것이다. 셋째, 국가의 제도 속에서 전통지식을 권리화하는 것이다. 넷째, 전통지식을 농촌관광 과 같은 측면에서도 도시 소비자를 유인할 수 있는 자원으로 개발하는 것이다. 다섯째, 환경농업을 통하여 전통지식의 개발하고 보존하는 것이다. 여섯째, 지역사회 주민이 전통지식개발 과정에 주체적으로 참여하여 권리의 주체화 과정을 경험하는 것이다. 내생적 발전을 위한 전통지식개발의 네 가지 전략은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역의 문화나 전통지식을 직접적으로 연결시키는 직접적인 상품화 전략이다. 상품화 전략은 생산물 속에 지역의 전통문화나, 전통지식을 내재시키는 것에 초점이 있다. 둘째, 외부에 지역의 정체성을 구성하여 분출시키는 전략이다. 이것은 기존의 조직(지방정부, 각 개발주체)과 새로운 협력 구조를 형성하는 것을 통하여 이루어진다. 두 번째 전략에서는 누가 사업전개 과정에서 주도권을 갖는가가 매우 중요하다. 셋째, 농촌지역의 새로운 주체, 즉 지역사회, 비즈니스, 집단, 공공조직이 그들 스스로 내부적으로 상품을 판매하는 공공소비 전략이다. 넷째, 지역의 문화나 전통지식의 경제적인 가치추구에 대한 규범적인 역량을 구축하는 전략이다. 이 전략은 지역의 물리적인 자원, 토지 이용기술과 윤리, 친밀한 지역사회 공동체 등에 있어서 자립성을 강조하는 것으로, 지역운동과 연관되어 있다. 그동안 우리나라의 전통지식 개발은 앞에서 제시한 전략들 중 지역적인 기반없이 생산된 생산물 속에 지역의 전통문화나, 전통지식을 내재시키는 것에 초점이 있는 첫 번째 전략 위주로 치우쳐 있었다. 앞으로 우리나라의 전통지식 개발전략도 첫 번째 전략과 두 번째 전략을 동시에 추구해야 할 것이다. 첫 번째 전략이 가장 단순하고 초보적인 수준에서 이루어지는 것으로 문화의 상품화와 관련된 영역인 반면, 두 번째와 세 번째는 내생적 농촌개발과 직접적으로 연관되는 전략들이다. Rural development policies have adapted with more emphasis on endogenous development through traditional knowledge. Endogenous development such as culture economy and actor network theory can be understood as strategies to transform traditional knowledge into resources available for the rural development, i.e., the recognition, construction and valuorization of traditional knowledge. New rural development theories place an emphasis on the changing relationship of territory and function and on the social construction of regional systems of production. This article outlines the evolution of research perspectives about development strategics for traditional knowledge and its relationship to endogenous rural development. As a results, I would suggest that there are six presuppositions and four strategics for the rural development through traditional knowledge as a endogenous development in Korea. The stakeholders for rural development should realize that traditional knowledge could serve as a catalyst for the much desired agricultural and rural development. There are six presuppositions for the development of traditional knowledge: integrating traditional knowledge and scientific knowledge, commodifying traditional knowledge with industrial sector, intellectual property of indigenous knowledge, being attractiveness related to rural tourism, developing and preserving traditional knowledge through organic farming, community participation in development process. The increased interests in traditional knowledge of local farmers among development planners are that rural communities are continuously transforming local and traditional knowledge into strategies and practices they can use for their endogenous development. There were four strategics to develop traditional knowledge for endogenous rural development. First, it is the encapsulation of traditional knowledge within products. Second, it occurs as the construction and projection of traditional knowledge to the outside. Third, it emphasizes territorial strategies to promote public spending but now the new territorial initiative is engaged in selling itself internally. Fourth, it emphasizes the normative capacity of the culture economy which has a sense of reconstructing the state economy model at the local` and regional level. Whereas the first strategics relates directly to the commodification of cultural Image and traditional knowledge. Second and third strategics relate closely to endogenous rural development.

신내생적 발전론에 입각한 농촌마을공동체 활성화 사업의 성공 요인 분석: 충남 천안지역 7개 농촌마을을 사례로

고경호 ( Ko Kyoung-ho ) 한국유기농업학회 2022 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

This study aimed to identify a difference in project implementation between villages that had executed rural village community activation support work successfully and those that had quit in the middle from the new endogenous development theory perspective. As a result, it was found that the main factors used for promoting to increase endogeneous development capabilities existed more in villages that executed project implementation support work successfully than in villages that had quit in the middle. Successful villages have a difference from the villages that had quit in the middle in that they have established a participatory decision making and cooperation system for stable operation even before their support work began, they have more assets for promoting community activity, residents’ interaction and communal activity are becoming more active, and reciprocity-based mutual aid culture exists in many forms. In conclusion, seeing from the new endogenous development theory perspective, villages are developed under the interaction between internal and external factors, but the outcome of project implementation depends on whether village community holds its endogenous development capability to operate and develop such whole process of development. Therefore, village community activation policies need to be reinforced in the direction toward promoting to create the main factors for enhancing endogenous development capabilities.

Endogenous Development Strategy of Technopolis in Korea: Case of Daedeok INNOPOLIS

Lee, Eung-Hyun,Oh, Deog-Seong World Technopolis Association 2016 World Technopolis Review Vol.5 No.1

The development of Technopolis and the establishment of innovative ecosystem have made an important contribution in South Korea's latest industrial development and economic growth. Particularly, Daedeok INNOPOLIS which is responsible for the central role in the national science technology advancement was founded as the Science Town in the 1970s. Since then, it has undergone three-phases of development: Science Park, Technopolis and Innovation cluster. As the result of the transition, Daedeok INNOPOLIS currently serve as the leading role for achieving sustainable economic growth, employment promotion, national and regional innovation. In order to accelerate the progress for success, Daedeok INNOPOLIS have arranged an opportunity for 21st century new industry development, improved growth of technology-intensive SMEs, reinforced academic-industrial cooperation, and established innovative ecosystem. Daedeok INNOPOLIS is considered as an outstanding case of endogenous development strategy of Technopolis. This study attempts to consider the endogenous development strategy of Technopolis in Korea through the analysis of development characteristics of Daedeok INNOPOLIS in two different perspectives: changes of spatial structure and establishment of innovation ecosystem. Daedeok INNOPOLIS have experienced a series of endogenous growth that is consisted of advancement strategy and structural changes, which allowed Daedeok research town to grow into an innovative cluster. A sign of growth of Daedeok INNOPOLIS became apparent when its strategy to reinforce the academic-industry cooperation system by promoting participation from universities helped to overcome a functional limitation as a research institute integrated for the establishment of innovative ecosystem. Since then, the center for creative economy and innovation established in cooperation with large enterprise, has a role to build a startup ecosystem and to promote next level of development such as proactive fostering of venture companies for sustainable technopolis development.

지역관광개발에 있어 내발적 발전의 구성요소분석

송금희(Song Geum-hee),남윤희(Nam Yun-hee) 한국호텔관광학회 2016 호텔관광연구 Vol.18 No.2

This study was designed to examine the importance of endogenous local development theory from successful case analysis and to draw the needed components for local tourism development. In order to achieve the purposes of this study, Interviews and site investigation were conducted in KAGAWA PREFECTURE, NAOSHIMA. This study was implemented two main processes. First, the constitutional elements of local development were found three factors through literature review of endogenous local development theory. Second, through interviews and research in the NAOSHIMA, the three elements have been verified as important factors in the Endogenous Development As a result, the first element is use of endogenous resources. This is based upon the unique characteristics of the local’s technology, industry and culture. Also, the local residents should become main participants to the plan and management of development. The second element is sustainability through environmental conservation. The last is support system. This is to provide diverse system as policy or administration for the local residents and it helps them involve local development. Implication for future research has been discussed.

농촌계획 : 내생적 지역발전을 위한 향토산업육성사업의 정책모형에 관한 연구

손은일 ( Eun Il Son ),성야민 ( Satoshi Hoshino ) 한국농촌계획학회 2012 농촌계획 Vol.18 No.4

This study postulates a partial mediation model(study model Ⅰ) and a whole mediation model(study model Ⅱ) to examine the effect on endogenous rural development of local innovation capability strengthening in the local industry promotion project, the establishment of promotion system, and the revitalization of local economy. To accomplish study purposes, 169 response samples from 85 project groups which drive the local industry promotion project were verified using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0. The results showed that in the partial mediation model, the local innovation capability strengthening had a significantly positive effect on the establishment of promotion system, the establishment of promotion system had a significant effect on the revitalization of local economy, and the revitalization of local economy had a significant effect on the endogenous rural development, while the establishment of promotion system and local innovation capability strengthening didn`t have effect on the endogenous rural development. In the whole mediation model, the local innovation capability strengthening had a significant effect on the revitalization of local economy, the establishment of promotion system on the revitalization of local economy, and the revitalization of local economy on the endogenous rural development. According to the verifications of study model Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the endogenous rural development is achieved after the revitalization of local economy through the establishment of promotion system and the local innovation capability strengthening. From these results, this study presents suggestions, limits of study and directions in the future study.