추운 환경에서 한 손 보온장갑 착용 시 국소한랭혈관반응으로 본 맨 손의 국소 내한성과 자각적 내한성 간 관련

신소라,권주연,이주영 한국생활환경학회 2020 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.27 No.5

We investigated a relationship between self-identified cold tolerance and hand cold tolerance while wearing a single glove under cold stress. Twenty seven young adults (24 females and 3 males) participated in a hand dexterity test using a Purdue Pegboard and a finger cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) test in a 3.6oC water at an air temperature of 5.6 ± 0.2oC. All subjects were divided into either a cold-tolerant (High self-identified cold tolerance, HSCT, 11 subjects) or intolerant group (Low self-identified cold tolerance, LSCT, 16 subjects) according to their self-identification. The results showed that (1) the HSCT group showed higher finger temperatures during the finger CIVD test than the LSCT group (p<0.05), (2) there was no significant difference in mean skin temperature between two groups, but hand and finger temperatures were higher for the HSCT than the LSCT (p<0.05), (3) heart rate showed more stable tendency during the CIVD test for the HSCT group compared to the LSCT group, (4) the HSCT group expressed less cold, less uncomfortable, and less painful while the CIVD test when compared to the LSCT group (p<0.05), and (5) hand dexterity under cold stress reduced by 27% for the bare hand condition and 13% for the gloved hand condition (p<0.001), with no difference between HSCT and LSCT. To sum up, wearing a single glove under cold stress was beneficial to improve another bare hand’s dexterity and the beneficial effect of wearing the single glove was greater for the self-identified cold-tolerant individuals than for intolerant individuals.

찜질 훈련에 따른 인체의 내열성과 내한성과의 관련성

박주희(Joo-Hee Park),황수경(Soo-Kyung Hwang),최정화(Jeong-Wha Choi) 한국생활환경학회 2010 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between heat tolerance and cold tolerance resulting from continuous exposure to various jjimjilbang. 17 male subjects were participated for 26-weeks-jjimjil training and heat/cold tolerance test. Through the cluster analysis, we studied the changes of heat/cold tolerance level based on physiological values; T<SUB>re</SUB>, △T<SUB>re</SUB>, T<SUB>sk</SUB> △T<SUB>sk</SUB>, TBWL, REE. Then the tolerance level of each subjects were examined to analyze the main effect (improved heat tolerance) and side effect (reduced cold tolerance) of jjimjil training. According to jjimjil training, the heat tolerance tends to improved (n=13) in rectal temperature, skin temperature and sweat rate (total body weight loss) especially in fire sudatorium-jjimjil group and lounge-rest group. And the cold tolerance tends to improved (n=12) in rectal temperature, skin temperature and resting energy expenditure (resting metaboilc rate) especially in ice room-rest group. So, we identified that according to proper jjimjil training, heat tolerance can be improved without reduced their own cold tolerance. It means jjimjil training in this study is generally enough stimulation for promoting heat tolerance, and jjimjil training method including intensity of temperature stimulation, exposure time, resting method and seasonal effect should be considered for proper jjimjil training recommendations.

Identification and Validation of Cold Responsive MicroRNAs of Hevea brasiliensis Using High Throughput Sequencing

Linu Kuruvilla,MB Mohamed Sathik,Molly Thomas,Lisha P Luke,Sumesh KV 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.5

Cold stress is one of the major abiotic factors that influence the productivity and geographical distribution of many agriculturally important crops like Hevea brasiliensis. Cultivation of H. brasiliensis in India is being extended to northeastern regions, where low temperature during winter adversely affects its survival, growth, and productivity. Developing cold-tolerant genotypes is a primary requisite to maximize the productivity under such challenging environmental conditions. However, lack of methods for early evaluation of cold tolerance in the newly developed clones and the extensive time required for assessing their tolerance in the field are major constraints for clonal selection. The present study was initiated with an objective to identify and characterize cold stress responsive miRNAs from H. brasiliensis that show stronger association with cold tolerance. Next generation sequencing using Illumina HiSeq method revealed the expression of 21 and 29 conserved miRNA (from clone RRIM 600) families in cold-stressed and control samples, respectively. Forty-two novel miRNAs were identified from this study. Upon differential expression analysis, eight conserved miRNAs were found commonly expressed in both the samples. When expression analyses were performed subsequently with six selected miRNAs in two Hevea clones (viz. RRII 105 and RRIM 600), miR169 showed a strong association with cold tolerance. miRNAs such as miR482 and miR159 also exhibited association with cold tolerance. This study suggests the possibility of employing these miRNAs as markers for cold tolerance after validation in more number of genotypes with varying levels of cold tolerance.

Cold adaptation, aging, and Korean women divers haenyeo

Lee, Joo-Young,Park, Joonhee,Kim, Siyeon BioMed Central 2017 Journal of Physiological Anthropology Vol.36 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>We have been studying the thermoregulatory responses of Korean breath-hold women divers, called <I>haenyeo</I>, in terms of aging and cold adaptation. During the 1960s to the 1980s, haenyeos received attention from environmental physiologists due to their unique ability to endure cold water while wearing only a thin cotton bathing suit. However, their overall cold-adaptive traits have disappeared since they began to wear wetsuits and research has waned since the 1980s. For social and economic reasons, the number of haenyeos rapidly decreased to 4005 in 2015 from 14,143 in 1970 and the average age of haenyeos is about 75 years old at present.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>For the past several years, we revisited and explored older haenyeos in terms of environmental physiology, beginning with questionnaire and field studies and later advancing to thermal tolerance tests in conjunction with cutaneous thermal threshold tests in a climate chamber. As control group counterparts, older non-diving females and young non-diving females were compared with older haenyeos in the controlled experiments.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Our findings were that older haenyeos still retain local cold tolerance on the extremities despite their aging. Finger cold tests supported more superior local cold tolerance for older haenyeos than for older non-diving females. However, thermal perception in cold reflected aging effects rather than local cold acclimatization. An interesting finding was the possibility of positive cross-adaptation which might be supported by greater heat tolerance and cutaneous warm perception thresholds of older haenyeos who adapted to cold water.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>It was known that cold-adaptive traits of haenyeos disappeared, but we confirmed that cold-adaptive traits are still retained on the face and hands which could be interpreted by a mode switch to local adaptation from the overall adaptation to cold. Further studies on cross-adaptation between chronic cold stress and heat tolerance are needed.</P>

QTLs of Cold Tolerance-Related Traits at the Booting Stage for NIL-RILs in Rice Revealed by SSR

Ya Wen Zeng,Shu Ming Yang,Hong Cui,Xiao Juan Yang,Li Ming Xu,Juan Du,Xiao Ying Pu,Zi Chao Li,Zai Quan Cheng,Xing Qi Huang 한국유전학회 2009 Genes & Genomics Vol.31 No.2

QTLs for cold tolerance-related traits at the booting stage using balanced population for 1525 recombinant inbred lines of near-isogenic lines (viz. NIL-RILs for BC5F3 and BC5F4 and BC5F5) over 3 years and two locations by backcrossing the strongly cold-tolerant landrace (Kunmingxiaobaigu) and a cold-sensitive cultivar (Towada) was analyzed. In this study, 676 microsatellite markers were employed to identify QTLs conferring cold tolerance at booting stage. Single marker analysis revealed that 12 markers associated with cold tolerance on chromosome 1, 4 and 5. Using a LOD significance threshold of 3.0, compositive interval mapping based on a mixed linear model revealed eight QTLs for 10 cold tolerance-related traits on chromosomes 1, 4, and 5. They were tentatively designated qCTB-1-1, qCTB-4-1, qCTB-4-2, qCTB-4-3, qCTB-4-4, qCTB-4-5, qCTB-4-6, and qCTB-5-1. The marker intervals of them were narrowed to 0.3-6.8 cM. Genetic distances between the peaks of the QTL and nearest markers varied from 0 to 0.04 cM. We were noticed in some traits associated cold tolerance, such as qCTB-1-1 for 5 traits (plant height, panicle exsertion, spike length, blighted grains per spike and spikelet fertility), qCTB-4-1 for 8 traits (plant height, node length under spike, leaf length, leaf width, spike length, full grains per spike, total grains per spike and spikelet fertility), qCTB-4-2 for 3 traits (spike length, full grains per spike and spikelet fertility), qCTB-5-1 for 5 traits (plant height, panicle exsertion, blighted grains per spike, full grains per spike and spikelet fertility). The variance explained by a single QTL ranged from 0.80 to 16.80%. Three QTLs (qCTB-1-1, qCTB-4-1, qCTB-4-2) were detected in two or more trials. Our study sets a foundation for cloning cold-tolerance genes and provides opportunities to understand the mechanism of cold tolerance at the booting stage.

In vitro selection and identifcation of a cold‑tolerant variant in pineapple (Ananas comosus)

Yafen Zhang,Zhiqiang Xu,Tao Xie,Wei Zhang,Yehua He,Chaoyang Liu 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.2

Cold stress is an important factor limiting the growth and distribution of pineapple. Breeding cold-resistant germplasm is an efective way to cope with this problem. In vitro selection for the somaclonal variation using diferent selection agents has been used for crop improvement in stress tolerance. In this study, the pineapple cold-tolerant variant was developed through in vitro cold selection of somaclonal variations. Low temperature was used as the selected agent, and the extreme lethal condition for the in vitro pineapple cultures was determined to be 0 °C for 72 h. The morphology changes of the in vitro cultures during the cold selection were observed and analyzed. The cold-tolerant variant line was fnally obtained through three consecutive selections with cold shock treatments, based on the established high-efciency culture system for pineapple embryogenic calli. The genetic variations at the molecular level in the cold-tolerant variant were verifed by ISSR analysis. The signifcantly improved cold tolerance in our selected variant was mainly refected by the higher survival rate, increased proline content, and elevated SOD activity under cold stress compared to these qualities in the control plants. This study demonstrated the feasibility of in vitro selection for cold tolerance in pineapple. The cold-tolerant variant could be valuable for future pineapple breeding programs and for cold tolerance research.

SSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Cold Tolerance in Temperate Rice Germplasm

( Jung Pil Suh ),( Young Chan Cho ),( Jeong Heui Lee ),( Sang Bok Lee ),( Jae Youn Jung ),( Im Soo Choi ),( Myeong I Kim ),( Chung On Kim ),( Kshirod K Jena ) 한국육종학회 2013 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.1 No.2

A total of 23 elite rice cultivars from eight countries were evaluated for cold tolerance using two screening methods at Chuncheon Substation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Republic of Korea. The rice cultivars Jinbu, Mustaqillik, and Avangard showed cold tolerance and high spikelet fertility (63.79%) in cold-water irrigation screening. Under greenhouse screening, five cultivars (Giza 177, Avangard, Mustaqillik, Jinbu, and Jungan) showed high cold tolerance and high spikelet fertility (71.81%). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analysis of 21 genotypes revealed two major clusters, the japonica and indica groups, with a genetic similarity of 0.69. Out of 21 rice cultivars, only four (Giza 178 from Egypt, Attey and Zakha from Bhutan, and Millin from Australia) fell under the indica cluster. The cold-tolerant varieties Jinbu, Mustaqillik, and Avangard were clustered with the japonica group, which had genetic similarity of 0.83. These varieties are considered as potential germplasm that will help diversify the japonica gene pool for cold-tolerant rice breeding. A one-way linear analysis of variance identified a significant relationship between individual alleles and traits. Three SSR markers were significantly associated with spikelet fertility under cold-water irrigation on chromosomes 1, 2, and 7. Five SSR markers were associated with spikelet fertility under a cool-environment greenhouse on chromosomes 8, 9, 10, and 12. The SSR markers associated with cold tolerance may also be useful as selection markers in indica/japonica cross combinations to improve cold tolerance.

Establishment of Selection Method for Cold-Tolerant Individuals through Evaluating Tolerance of Evergreen Quercus spp. against Cold Stress

DongJIn Park,Seong Hyeon Yong,Myung Suk Choi 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2019 Journal of Forest Science Vol.35 No.4

This study was carried out to establish an efficient selection condition for cold-tolerant individuals among evergreen Quercus spp. To select higher cold-tolerant individuals among four species of evergreen Quercus spp. (Q. acuta, Q. glauca, Q. myrsinaefoila, and Q. salicina), an-year-old seedlings of each species were exposed to low temperature in serial, and then examined for the death of cell tissue and the surface temperature was monitored. It was shown that the higher numbers of seedlings of Q. myrsinaefolia were survived than the others when those seedlings are exposed to cold stress. Thus, selection of the cold tolerant individuals was conducted on Q. myrsinaefolia seedlings. The limit low temperature condition for selecting cold-tolerant individuals was -6°C for 24 hrs because no seedling of Q. myrsinaefolia was survived after exposed to -7°C for 24 hours. It was shown that the leaf surface temperature of the selected individuals was higher than those of the non-selected individuals when they were exposed to cold-stress while monitoring them using thermal graphic camera. The results in this study can be used for expanding afforestation area of tree species of the warm temperate zone for preparation of climate change.

고령 제주 해녀의 행동성 체온조절과 내한내열성의 변화

이효현(Hyo-Hyun Lee),김시연(Siyeon Kim),장영준(Young-Joon Jang),하정윤(Jeong-Yoon Ha),강권용(Kwon-Yong Kang),권미선(Mi-Seon Kwon),이주영(Joo-Young Lee) 한국생활환경학회 2015 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.22 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in thermal adaptive properties for the elderly haenyeos by a questionnaire and a local cold tolerance test. We carried out an one-on-one questionnaire in Jeju, Korea. A total of 112 hanyeos (68±8 yr in age) and 177 haenyeos (66±8 yr) participated in the survey. The questionnaire in the main survey consisted of 37 questions related to demographic characteristics (3 questions), diving practices and diving suits (12 questions), and behavioral temperature regulation and thermal tolerance (22 questions). As a local cold tolerance test, finger cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) at 4℃ were measured during 4℃ cold water immersion for old haenyeo (N=3) and young female (N=12) groups. The results showed that the elderly haenyeos felt warmer in summer and colder in winter when compared to their own twenties. However, haenyeos considered themselves as the one who sweats more and being more sensitive to heat in summer compared to the similar aged of older non-women divers, whilst they perceived being less sensitive to cold than other older non-women divers. For the finger CIVD test, the eldelry haenyeo group showed higher minimum finger temperature and faster peak time which indicate greater local cold tolerance when compared to the young female group. In summary, the elderly haenyeos identified themselves to have weaker cold tolerance compared to their twenties, but greater self-identified cold tolerance than other aged nonwomen divers, and greater local cold tolerance than young females.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differential Response of Phytohormone Biosynthesis Genes in Glumous Flowers of Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Rice Varieties Upon Cold Stress at Booting Stage

Myoung Ryoul Park,Ki Young Kim,Kuldeep Tyagi,So Hyeon Baek,Song Joong Yun 한국육종학회 2011 한국육종학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Low temperature stress is one of the major negative factors affecting vegetative and reproductive growth of rice. To better understand responses of rice plants to low temperature we analyzed transcriptome expression patterns in glumous flower of cold-tolerant japonica rice variety, Stejaree45, and cold-susceptible variety, HR19621-AC6 at booting stage under cold water irrigation. A total of 2,411 probes were differentially expressed by low temperature in glumous flowers of the two varieties. Some important genes involved in hormone biosynthesis showed variety-specific regulation. Expression of GA20ox3 and GA2ox, among the genes involved in GA biosynthesis, was regulated differentially in the two varieties. Among the genes involved in IAA biosynthesis, YUCCA1 and TAA1:1 showed variety-specific regulation. Among the genes involved in cytokinin biosynthsis and signaling, expression of LOG, HK1 and HK3 was significantly down-regulated only in the cold-susceptible variety. Among the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, NSY and AAO3 were down-regulated only in the cold-tolerant variety. In general, genes involved in GA, IAA and cytokinin biosynthesis responded to cold temperature in such a way that capacity of those bioactive hormones is maintained at relatively higher levels under cold temperature in the cold-tolerant variety, which can help minimize cold stress imposed to developing reproductive organs in the cold-tolerant variety.