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Employee Absenteeism : An Examination and Evaluation of Traditional and Behavioral Research
Koh, Heong Hwa,Oah, Shhezeen 中央大學校社會科學硏究所 1992 社會科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-
This paper reviews behavioral programs that been designed to decrease employee absenteeism and traditional studies that have attempted to examine the relationship between antecedent variables and absenteeism. The former has focused on the direct manipulation of consequences while the latter has focused on the use of correlational methods to idenify the relationship between relevant variables and absenteeism. Among the correlational studies, however, only those studies that have attempted to identify variables that are potentially amenable to manipulation are descussed. This review revealed that the most frequently employeed strategy in the behavioral programs has been arranging positive consequences for good attendance. The essential features and the results of the studies that employed this strategy are discused. Also, studies that employed feedback, punishment, and a combination of punishment and reward are analyzed. Methodological issues involved in both traditional and behavioral approaches are also discussed. Finally, conclusions emphasizing the necessity of the integration of both areas are made.
A Cross-Cultural Study of Socially Appropriate Behavior between Korean and Japaness Undergraduates
Koh, Heong Hwa,Iwata, Oaamu 中央大學校社會科學硏究所 1992 社會科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-
A questionnaire study was conducted to investigate cross-cultural differences in socially appropriate behavior between Korea and Japan. A questionnaire developed by I wata(1991) consisted of 46 social norm statements and the degree of agreement or disagreement with each statement was rated on a five-point scale. In the present study, another five-point scale was added to each statement to measure self-rated frequency of behavior which was consonant with the statement. Questionnaires were administered to 200 Korean and 140 Japanese undergraduates during their classes. The subjects were asked to indicate both the degree of agreement or disagreement with each social norm statement and how often they behave in accordance with the statement, on a five-point scale. Correlation coefficients were calculated for each sample between these two kinds of measures. In addition, using these coefficients, a rank order correlation coefficient was computed between the two samples. Moderate similarity was discovered in the social norms between Korean and Japanese undergraduates.