Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

청소년층에서 형성되는 요추 후방골각의 발생기전

김영수,오성훈,박형천,정태섭 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.5

The bony spur formation without degenerative change in the lumbar spines in the young age group is quite interesting and is not uncommon. This bony spur is different from the degenerative spur in the old age group in shape and mechanism of formation. The authors analyzed 25 patients below 29 years old with such posterior lumbar bony spur. We concluded that posterioly lacated Schmorl's node is main cause of the bony pour in young age group at lumbar region.

40세 이하 관상동맥 질환자에서 장기적 임상 관찰

이승욱,정명호,박종철,박형욱,조상희,김원,김계훈,이상현,강경태,조장현,김남호,김건형,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.2

역사교육에서 사이버 학습 효과에 대한 연구

전인영,호정훈 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2004 교과교육학연구 Vol.7 No.3

The 21st century is a time of information, globalization and opening. In this trend, there has been a big change in the quantity of education informationization for the students. But now it is time for the development of quality rather than the quantity. In this social trend, an evaluation of the educative effect of linking the cyber-space with the teaching and learning of history is needed. Therefore, in this study, the teacher herself developed an online learning program for online studying and analysis of the interest and accomplishment of the individual student to see how effective can this type of education can be, and see if it is possible to be realized in the real field of education. The study was made in the following process. For the 1st step, discussed about the theories of cyber education, and analyzed previous cases and studies. For the 2nd step, for the design of teaching-and learning of history by cyber education, a survey has made to analyze the environment of the student. For the 3rd step, based on the analysis from the previous steps, a model for teaching-and learning of history by cyber education was developed and carried out for 12 weeks. For the 4th step, 2 types of a 2nd survey was done after the test operation of the program, One with the students about the program itself, and another with the teachers about the reputation. For the 5th step, there were two test of the same degree of difficulty on different chapters. One chapter which online education was applied and another which conventional class education was done. The degree of accomplishment was evaluated based on the percent of correct answers for comparatively analysis. The result was as the followings. 1st, teaching-and learning of history by cyber education showed a very affirmative change in fields of accomplishment such as the learning, ability and attitude. 2nd, teaching-and learning of history by cyber education promoted the interest and understandings of the students for voluntary participation in class for realization of self-directed learning. 3rd, by the teacher herself making and operating the cyber education, this solves the problem of lack of affection between the teachers and students. Therefore, it could be seen that this can be a teaching-and learning tool which can realize the merits of both the face to face education and cyber education. 4th, teaching-and learning of history by cyber education can complements the problems such as deviation of learning or lack of understandings through the internet. 5th, teaching-and learning of history by cyber education itself demands ability of a high level and time for the development of the model. But, if the contents are well developed. it can be easily applied as a data for achievement evaluation, and maybe used as a reference at class through modification and supplement. The teaching-and learning of history applying cyber education can be an effective model for getting out of the one-side grinding for an active and self leading learning model focused on the student. For this, there is a need for comparative analysis through development of various methods and tests on a subject of a larger number of students. And a model best for each school or grade should be systematically developed. Also, for the maximization of the educative effect, improvement of the condition of the fields and system is very needed so that teachers can work together for construction of education contents and flexible operation of the program.

현대무용에 대한 동서양의 변증에 관한 연구

천영일,김태훈 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2001 體育硏究 Vol.- No.15

This study attempted to analyse the contents of representative artists's contemporary dance. The the dialectics of the East and the West was obtained as follows: 1. St. Denis showed some obsession that contemporary dance can never survive when the contemporary dancers aligned element in self with the oriental with the dream of more profound oriental dance arts than the awkward imitation a style. 2. St. Denis's research library was expanded to include the dance and other customs of every oriental culture and the Denis Hawn Dance Company was found to develop inspiring Orientalism and the more significant performance contract in Vaudeville. 3. Matha Graham developed the context of the exclusive use of oriental cultures, the perception of the more physically fused oriental culture more than St. Denis seeking for superficial imitation, and the latent oriental tradition from the perspective of aesthetic dance of the organ of the body. 4. The aesthetic dance of the orient exhibited the noticeable oriental meaning in the expressions such as 'The Mirror of Gesture', 'Constant Companion' and Indian philosophy, 'Home to India' and the like. 5. The borrowing of aesthetic dance of the orient placed emphasis on the invention of nature such as the dynamics of organic breath, movement found in the spiral body, fall on the floor movement, gravity and the like as the sources of inspiration becoming the key of the turning range in the bodily shape, and contraction and relaxation in breathing. 6. Erick Hawkins contended that the intellectual expression of nothing through the mental inner imagery rather than physical performance assist dancers in research and that the line provided dancers with the possibility of mastering dance with the body by moving the motion of themselves.

磁鐵鑛 鑛球의 還元特性에 미치는 SiO₂CaO 添加의 影響

김부천,梁勳永,이승원 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1977 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Direct reduction of sintered magnetite ore pellets containing 3-6% SiO₂and CaO with the basicity range of 0.5-2.4 has been made in a fixed bed with coke powder in the temperature range of 900-1200℃. Reduction degree of reduced pellets was obtained from the weight loss of the pellets after reduction. Phase change during the reduction was investigated by X-ray diffraction method and microscopic observation. Followings are the results summerized. 1) At 900℃, reduction was only reached to the wustite. Above 900℃, porous metallic iron layers began to appear and the phase of reduction proceeded topochemically towards the inside of the pellet. 2) Lime addition was more effective to the promotion of reducibility at higher temperature. 3) Reduction rate of the pellet containing 3-6% SiO₂followed well the equation, -log (1-R) = Kt, with the exception of the pellet containing higher CaO at the elevated temperature. Activation energy obtained from the above equation was the range of 21.7-25.5㎉/25.5㎉/mole. 4) Due to swelling, at 1100℃, cracking in the reduced pellet was pronounced at the basicity of 1.5, resulting uniform distribution of metallic iron. 5) In order to promote reduction degree as well as not to crack the pellet reduced, long time reduction at lower temperature followed by shorter reduction at higher temperature was recommendable.

지역사회에서 형성된 사회적 지지와 근로자의 사회심리적 스트레스간의 관련성

임화영,김형수,최영환,장성훈,이건세,정최경희,오원기,최재욱,정춘화 대한산업의학회 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Objective: This study was performed to examine the relationship between community-based social support and psychosocial distress in workers. Methods: The study subjects were 596 workers recruited from 11 companies in Chungju city. A structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographics, health-related behaviors, job characteristics, job stress, work-based social support, community-based social support and level of psychosocial distress. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that workers with no chronic disease, exercise and sufficient sleep had a higher score of psychosocial distress than those with chronic disease, no exercise, and not enough sleep. Coworker's work-based social support and community-based social support were negatively associated with psychosocial distress. The R square value of total independent variables on psychosocial distress was 0.409, and that of community-based social support on psychosocial distress was 0.052. Conclusion: This study showed that community-based social support served as a protective factor against psychosocial distress in some workers. We recommend the establishment of a worksite stress reduction program in occupational level as well as community-based social support.

스포츠 용품의 브랜드 개성이 브랜드 애호도에 미치는 영향

이정훈,노영태,전상천 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2005 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of the present study was to examine how the sport brand personality effects brand loyalty. The findings will give some basic reference to corporate marketing strategy. The subjects of this study were "P" university students. Using convenient sampling, 450 data were gathered. Finally 399 data were analyzed excluding 51 false data. The statistical methods utilized for testing the hypotheses were t-test and regression analysis through SPSSWIN 10.0 program. Conclusions from the results of this study were as follows:.........

단면형상변화에 따른 점용접 부재의 에너지흡수 특성

최영민,차천석,김지훈,서현경,양인영 한국공작기계학회 2006 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

The front-end side members of vehicles absorb the most of the energy during the front-end collision. These side members are mostly consist of single hat shape. The side members absorb more energy under axial load if they have higher strength, and stable folding capacity (local buckling). When structural members are subjected to axial loadings, stress is concentrated on their edges. Thus, in this study, the energy absorption characteristics of the member were analyzed according to change of sectional shape for increase of strength. The side members consist of single hat, double hat, single cap and double cap section member. Based on the static test result of these side member, the impact simulation were carried out and compared with test result.

A Study on E-commerce Recommender Systems Based on LSI and Fuzzy Model

권영직,양춘우,권동훈 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2009 情報通信硏究 Vol.6 No.1

This paper combines two analytical techniques to create a model that not only narrows product choices but also producesa prioritized product list of recommendations tailored to a specific customer. Specifically, the paper proposes to create a recommender system based on applications of Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) and Fuzzy Synthetic Judgment (FSJ). The application ofthese two analytic models will serve a two-fold purpose. Latent Semantic Indexing will enable the model to account for incomplete rating information in the collaborative rating matrix so that the completed rating matrix can then be decomposed using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method. Fuzzy Synthetic Judgment will then provide a prioritized list to the customer of recommended selections. In order to provide a clearer understanding of the proposed recommender process, the authors will demonstrate the requisite calculations through an application. In addition to clarifying the process, the example will serve to help validate the proposed model.