故意와 違法性의 認識의 關係

柳淑永 順天大學 1990 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.9 No.-

청소년의 또래집단 수용 유형과 사회기술 및 공격성과의 관계

유숙희 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2003 이화교육논총 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological characteristics affecting the acceptance of the peer group in the relation with friends. And it is selected the social skill and hostility as personal characteristics through the literature and examine the characteristics according to the pattern that the adolescences are accepted to the peer group. In this study, I chose 1005 students at the middle school in Seoul district as an object of research. In this survey, it was classified with the accepted pattern to the peer group with a percentage by three groups using a self-report type questionnaire, and it was investigated it with the SSRS(Social Skills Rating Scale) and the BDHI(Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory) to examine the social skill and hostility of each group. The research question presented on this study and the result according to that are as follows. First, there are differences between social skill factor and hostility factor each in the Wangttaoiettolie group means withdrawn adolescents rejected by peer group, Oiettolie group means withdrawn adolescents without peers and non-Oiettolie group. As for the social skill, the non-Oiettolie group was presented significantly the highest in all the regions. Also there were significant differences in all among three groups. But as for the hostility region there were no significant differences in three groups. Second, in the relation among the Oiettolie score, the Wangttaoiettolie score, social skill and hostility score, both the Oiettolie group score and Wangtta score presented significantly negative correlation with all the sub-scales of social skill. There was no significant correlation with the Oiettolie score in the hostility score, but there was significant and positive correlation in the Wangtta score. Third, as a result of sub-factors of social skill and hostility affecting the Oiettolie score and Wangtta score, predicting the Oiettolie score mostly is assertion of social skill. And in case of hostility, it presented that linguistic hostility has most of the quantity of explanation. In case of the Wangtta score, the quantity of explanation of social skill was little compared with the Oiettolie score, and the hostility presented the quantity of explanation more than the social skill factor.

가장놀이를 통한 언어지도가 정신지체아동의 표현언어 향상에 미치는 효과

유숙희 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2006 再活科學硏究 Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of language intervention with the pretend-play to children with mental retardation in their expressive language. The object was to increase the frequency of 2-word construction of speech production. A multiple probe design across subjects was utilized. The intervention lasted for 40 minutes, and practiced 3 times a week. The pretend-play program consisted of two situations. one was 'daily play', and the other was 'hospital play'. The intervention of each session was evaluated by the pretend-play program and the results were recorded in percentage. The hospital-play was activated after intervention of the daily-play attained their goal. The results were as follows; Firstly, language intervention with the daily-play program was effective to increase the frequency of 2-word construction of speech to the children with mental retardation. Secondly, language intervention with the hospital-play program was effective to increase the frequency of 2-word construction of speech to the children with mental retardation. Thirdly, language intervention with the pretend-play program increased the frequency of 2-word construction of spontaneous speech and decreased the frequency of 2-word construction of demanded speech to the children with mental retardation. 가장놀이는 어떤 사물이나 행동을 다른 사물이나 행동으로 상징화 할 수 있는 능력으로써 언어의 발달을 촉진시킬 뿐만 아니라 사회성을 증진시키는 좋은 수단이 된다. 본 연구는 자발적 표현언어 능력이 부족하고 의사소통의 대부분이 단단어인 정신지체 아동에게 가장놀이를 통하여 언어지도를 한 사례연구로서, 가장놀이가 정신지체아동들의 2어문 발화의 산출빈도 향상에 긍정적 효과가 있으며 또한 중재가 지속될수록 산출된 2어문 발화 중 요구발화의 빈도는 감소하고 자발발화의 빈도는 증가함을 보였다. 이는 ‘~하는 체’ 하며 노는 놀이로서의 중재가 아동들에게 거부감 없이 다가갈 수 있었고, 일상에서 흔히 접하는 문장을 아동 스스로 표현하게 함으로써 발화의 욕구를 충족시켜 줄 수 있었던 것으로 보이며 가장놀이 자체가 언어표현에 의존하여 놀이가 진행되므로 아동들의 언어발달에 도움이 되는 것으로 보인다.

三同倫理를 通해 본 人類平和의 方案 硏究 : The Morality based on three same Principles

柳淑哉 圓光大學校 圓佛敎學硏究會 1983 圓佛敎學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

淸末 天地會의 性格에 대한 考察

兪淑根 梨花女子大學校 師範大學 社會生活科 1982 綠友硏究論集 Vol.- No.24

해안서식 어패류 중 유해중금속 함량에 관한 연구 (Ⅰ)

유영찬,정진일,박유신,이종숙,인상환,최동기,김동우 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-

지대치 재료의 환경변화에 따른 물리적 성질에 관한 연구

황유숙,최경규,박상진 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.2

The purpose of this study was to measure the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials in 4 different medias and to evaluate the relationship between the physical properties. For the flexural strength, the specimens were prepared from each of the following materials: Bisfil Core, Core Max, Fuji IX GP, Miracle Mix and randomly divided into four groups and stored at 37 degree C in the following medias: distilled water for 24 hours (DW/1), distilled water for 30 days (DW/30). 2%NaF for 30 days (NF/30), 0.02N lactic acid for 30 days (LA/30). After storage, the specimens were subjected to flexural strength testing and calculated to flexural modulus. For hardness testing, specimens were prepared from four materials and storaged in the uniform way. After storage, the specimens were subjected to Vicker's hardness testing. 1. The flexural strength of Core Max were the highest, and the flexural strength of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 2. The hardness of Bisfil Core were the highest. 3. The hardness of Core Max were the highest. 4. The hardness of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 5. 2%NaF and 0.02N lactic acid negatively affected the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials. 비금속 지대치 재료의 구강 내 환경변화에 따른 물리적 성질을 구명하기 위하여 4종의 지대치 재료를 다양한 환경에 보관한 후 굴곡강도 및 표면경도의 변화를 관찰하여 조건에 따른 영향을 구명하고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. Bisfil Core, Core Max, Fuji IX GP, Miracle Mix를 사용하여 굴곡강도 측정을 위한 시편을 제작한 후 최대하중을 측정하여 굴곡강도와 굴곡탄성계수를 계산하였다. 표면경도 측정을 위하여 아크릴릭 레진블럭에 상기 4종의 재료를 충전하여 중합시킨 후 순차 연마하여 경도측정을 위한 시편을 제작하고 Vickers hardness를 계산하였다. 1. 굴곡강도는 Core Max에서 가장 높고 Miracle Mix에서 가장 낮았다. 2. 37℃ 증류수에 24시간 보관한 군에서 Bisfil Core가 경도가 가장 높았다. 3. 30일 저장군에서는 Core Max가 경도가 가장 높았다. 4. 모든 군에서 Miracle Mix가 가장 낮은 경도를 나타냈다. 5. 2% NaF용액과 0.02N lactic acid용액은 증류수보다 지대치 재료의 굴곡강도와 표면경도를 저하시켰다.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

무대의상에 나타난 그로테스크 이미지 연구 : 1990년 이후 무대의상을 중심으로

양숙희,김유경 숙명여자대학교 건강·생활과학연구소 2004 生活科學硏究誌 Vol.- No.21

Stage art diversifies the aesthetic values, and therefore, exaggerate the normal or ordinary images to feature them as grotesque or shocking. Such an exaggeration is more peculiar in stage costume or make-up. The stage costume delivers a message to the audience by using a visual language, while it is expressed as grotesque to allow the audience to experience a shocking catharsis. With such basic conceptions in mind, this study was aimed at reviewing the relationship between stage costume and grotesque art form under the circumstances where stage costume pursues an 'ugly aesthetics' and approaching the grotesque stage costumes from a viewpoint of aesthetics. To this end, the stage costumes were analyzed ranging from Renaissance when the term 'grotesque' emerged to symbolism, expressionism and surrealism. The grotesque image during Renaissance period was shown in the stage costumes for commedia dell'arte and court ballet, At that time, costumes were exaggerated for a comic or abnormal or grotesque image. Symbolists personified the dolls or produced Sphinx-like grotesque costumes to create a shocking mood for the audience. On the other hand, expressionist distorted or exaggerated the stage costume designs or silhouettes or changed their colors in order to express men's inside emotion. The result was a grotesque image. Surrealists used surreal objects for the stage costume, while combining the alienated ones, to express a grotesque inharmony. Based on the above discussions, the grotesque images shown in the stage costumes since 1990 were analyzed. To be more specific, based on P. Thomson's theory which attempted to define the grotesque in the 20th century, the researcher categorized the images of the stage costumes into demonic, playful, animal-like and mechanic images and thereby, determined the implications and values of the grotesque art. First, the stage costumes of demonic image appears in the stage costume for the villain characters. Black or red colors are frequently used for this purpose, and in terms of design and details, worn costume, abhorrent decorations or patterns, inconceivable bizarre styles or distorted proportion, balance or unity are used to express a grotesque image. In addition, such make-up properties as mask, mannequin, skeleton, fork-like long nails are used to highlight demon's aggressive and destructive image. The demonic characters are make up for black eyes or bloodless skin. Such costumes invoke a sense of aggression, shocking effect, cruelty, terror, weirdness or abhorrence and thereby, render a grotesque image. Second, the stage costumes of playful image use playful or bizarre styles to express comic but grotesque images. Such costumes use the primary colors mainly, and apply a kitch object to invoke a laughter. For example, the skeleton which is a bizarre object may be painted with the primary colors to look funny, or bisexual or personified costumes are used to invoke laughter and terror simultaneously and thereby, express inharmony and duality of the grotesque. Such playful costumes drive the audience into playful or satirical laughter, sick humor, demonic humor, jest or comic pleasure. Third, the stage costumes of animal-like image puts emphasis on the animal-like instinct inherent in men and thereby, personifies animals or make men and animal coexist. Mainly, hairs, horns, limbs, paws, sharp teeth, tiger felt or other objects invoking the image of beast are used. In other words, the different subjects or men and animals are combined to create an inharmonic, inhumane, abnormal grotesque image. The animal-like stage costumes are reminiscent of inhumanity, ugliness or grotesqueness. Fourth, the stage costumes of mechanic image emphasizes fusion of men and machines or their coexistence in the cyber age, and thereby, highlights anti-machine and inhumane grotesque images. These images are primarily surrealistic, while emphasizing the unbalance of colors or forms. These images use metals or acryl or other new materials, and add the electronic circuit board or sound effect devices to the costumes to predict an age of wearable computer. In addition, they emphasize an inhumane, grotesque image with a geometric make-up. After all, the mechanic image costumes induce the audience to feel an inhumanity and alienation. As discussed above, the grotesque images shown in the stage costumes since 1990 are demonic, playful, animal-like or mechanic, each of which has its own characteristics. As P. Thomson classified, inharmony, comicalness, shock, exaggeration and abnormality are overlapped with each other to express dualistic and insoluble conflicts.

청소년 상담에서의 사회구성주의 관점의 활용

김유숙 서울여자대학교 2010 학생생활연구 Vol.23 No.-

내담자와 상담자의 스토리가 각각 존재한다기보다는 서로에게 영향을 상호적으로 주고받는 대화에 의해서 새로이 만들어지는 스토리와 이야기가 있음을 의미한다. 즉, 상담과정은 사회적으로 구성되는 과정인 것이다. 포스트모더니즘에 기반을 둔 치료에서는 원인제공자로서 내담자나 주위의 환경을 바라보며 그들을 비난하거나 자신들을 보호하는데 열중했던 청소년 내담자에게 긍정적 사고를 추구할 수 있는 계기를 제공할 수 있다고 판단된다. 사회구성주의 철학을 지향하는 접근방법은 내담자가 호소하는 문제에 머물지 않고 그들이 상담을 통해 변화된 모습을 그려내게 함으로써 문제해결을 향한 과정에 능동적으로 참여하도록 개입한다. 또한 상담자는 면담을 통하여 내담자가 해결방안을 찾아내고 과거에 성공적이었던 경험을 근거로 자신의 능력을 인정하고 치료과정에서 성취하고 있는 것을 인정할 수 있는 질문을 통해 내담자가 문제해결을 구축하도록 돕는다. 사회구성주의치료의 대표적인 두 가지 접근 즉, 이야기치료와 해결중심의 철학에 대한 간단한 이해와 사례를 통해 청소년 상담에 어떻게 도움이 되는지를 이해하고자하였다. 이 두 접근을 통해 상담자와 청소년 사이에서 오고가는 대화와 발견하는 대안적인 스토리를 통해서 청소년이 자신의 삶의 작가와 주체로서 자기 정체성과 문제를 분리할 수 있고 객관화하며 스스로 보지 못했던 다양한 대안적 이야기들을 발견하여 문제 이야기의 영향력으로부터 벗어날 뿐 아니라 긍정적으로 재구성한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.