최봉윤의 국어 교과서 연구 - 「初等한글敎科書」를 중심으로

윤금선(Yeun Keum-sun) 어문연구학회 2018 어문연구 Vol.97 No.-

이 연구에서는 1943년도 미주 지역에서 발간된 최봉윤의「初等한글敎科書」의 수록상을 고찰하는 데 목적을 두었다. 최봉윤은 일제강점기 미주 한인사회에서 정치적 · 교육적인 활동을 전개하며 지도자적 삶을 산 인물이다. 그는 1938년 도미 직후부터 국어학교 교사를 담당하고 ‘대한인국민회’의 국어 교과서 편찬에도 참여했다. 특히 캘리포니아대학 동양어학부에서 최초의 한인 교수로서 조선어 교육을 담당하였으며, 대학생 대상의 한국어 교재로는 처음이라 할 수 있는「初等한글敎科書」를 발간했다는 점이 주목된다. 이 교과서는 한국어 초보자를 위한 교재로서 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기 등의 한국어 기초를 다루고 있다. 이 교재는 다음과 같이 총 3부로 구성되었다. 즉 1부 1강에서 5강까지는 한글 기초편과 단어, 그리고 간단한 문장 등이 수록되었으며, 2부 6강에서 30강까지는 이야기, 방문 및 물건 거래 등에서의 대화법 등을 다루고 있다. 마지막 3부는 중고급자를 위한 부분으로 총 14개의 강의로 구성되어 있으며, 이광수, 이윤재, 김윤경, 주요한 등, 당대 국내 유명 문필가가 집필한 조선 역사와 지리, 풍습, 문학 내용 등을 담고 있다. 보다시피 이 교재의 장별 구성은 한글 기초편부터 중고급 수준으로 난이도를 높여가는 체재이다.「初等한글敎科書」는 한인 대상인 아닌 미국 대학생을 겨냥한 초급 정도의 조선어 교과서에 해당된다. 이 교과서 발간 이전까지 미주 한인사회에서 발간된 국어 교과서는 주로 한인 아동을 대상으로 한 교재였다. 그러나「初等한글敎科書」는 캘리포니아대학 한국어 정규 과목 교재로서, 미주에서 발간된 최초의 대학생 한국어 교과서이다. 이런 점에서 국어교육사적으로 가치가 높은 자료라 하겠다. This paper is associated with Korean reader : a textbook for beginners (1943) witten Choe Bong-Yun in the United States of America during the Japan Occupation. Choe Bong-Yun lived a leadership life by developing political and educational activities in Korean society of the America during the Japanese occupation. He went to the United States in 1938 and worked as a teacher in Korean language schools and participated in the compilation of Korean textbooks led by the Korean National Association, In particular, he is the first Korean professor at the University of California at Berkeley. He has taught Korean language for many years at the Department of Oriental Languages, and It is noteworthy that he has published Korean reader : a textbook for beginners for college students The aim of this book is to facilitate the students first steps in speaking, reading, and writing Korean. Korean Reader-A Beginner is divided into three section. The first section, lessons one to five, includes Hangul Basics, vocabulary, and simple sentences. the second section, lessons six to thirty, includes stories, visiting and shopping conversations, etc. and the third section is for advanced students contains fourteen lessons, made up of slections from History of Korea, Geography, custom, literature of the outstanding Korean writers, such as Yi Gang-su, Yi Yeun-jae, Kim Yeun-gyeong, ana ju yeo-Han. The configuration by chapter arranged in the way of being getting hard on as they proceed by taking phased in-depth study composition. Korean reader : a textbook for beginners is a Korean textbook showing the level of beginner level aimed at American college students who are not Korean. Also, before the publication of this textbook, Korean textbooks published in the America were mainly textbooks for children. However, this textbook is a Korean textbook for university students. This is significant because it is the first Korean language book for overseas college students published in the Americas.

Microstructure and High Temperature Oxidation Property of Fe-Cr-B Based Metal/Ceramic Composite Manufactured by Powder Injection Molding Process

Yeun‑Ah Joo,Young‑Kyun Kim,윤태식,Kee‑Ahn Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.2

This study investigated the microstructure and high temperature oxidation property of Fe–Cr–B metal/ceramic compositemanufactured using powder injection molding process. Observations of initial microstructure showed a unique structurewhere α-Fe and (Cr, Fe)2B form a continuous three-dimensional network. High temperature oxidation tests were performedat 900, 1000 and 1100 °C, for 24 h, and the oxidation weight gain according to each temperature condition was 0.13, 0.84and 6.4 mg/cm2, respectively. The oxidation results according to time at 900 and 1000 °C conditions represented paraboliccurves, and at 1100 °C condition formed a rectilinear curve. Observation and phase analysis results of the oxides identifiedCr2O3and SiO2at 900 and 1000 °C. In addition to Cr2O3and SiO2,CrBO3and FeCr2O4formed due to phase decompositionof boride were identified at 1100 °C. Based on the findings above, this study suggested the high temperature oxidationmechanism of Fe–Cr–B metal/ceramic composite manufactured using powder injection molding, and the possibility of itsapplication as a high temperature component material was also discussed.

유아의 인성 함양을 위한 협력학습 활동 프로그램의 평가 연구

이윤옥 서원대학교 교육연구소 1998 敎育發展 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the cooperative learning activity (CLA) program for children. This CLA program for children were developed by Lee Yeun-Ok for the purpose of the encouragement the children's positive personality traits. The subjects of the experimental group were 28 children and the subjects of the control group were 24 children. CLA program was carried out as a whole class activity for one mixed age (3, 4, 5 year old) preschool class for 20 weeks as a experimental group. In this study, four hypothesis were proposed as follows. hypothesis 1 : CLA program group will show higher popularity scores than control group. hypothesis 2 : CLA program group will show higher degree of the number of friend than control group. hypothesis 3 : CLA program group will show higher prosocial behavior scores than control group. hypothesis 4 : CLA program group will show higher school adjustment scores than control group. The outcome of this study were as follows : 1) The hypothesis 1 was rejected. 2) The hypotheses 2, 3, 4 were accepted. These outcome of this study suggest that the CLA Program was effective for the developing the children's positive personaliting traits.

생쥐의 卵子와 初期胚子에 對한 Clomiphene Citrate의 細胞毒性에 關한 硏究

金惠敬,潘勝一,金洋一,文蓮子,朴承澤,鄭然泰 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1993 圓光醫科學 Vol.9 No.1-2

In order to elucidate the cytotoxicity of clomiphene citrate, the rate of in vitro fertilization(IVF) of ova and the developmental rate of early embroys in A-strain mouse were examined. The rate of ova cleavaging to 2-cell stage by IVF was remarkably decreased(12.6%) at the concentration of 10μg/㎖ of clomiphene than that of the control(65.2%) when the ova fertilized in vitro were cultured for 24 hours in the untreated medium after treatment ova with clomiphene for 5 hrs. But there was no ovum cleavaging to 2-cell stage at 50μg/㎖ clomiphene except only a few 2-polar bodied ova. The developmental rate of mouse early embryos was decreased dose-dependently. Especially at 25μg/㎖ of clomiphene, the number of embryos cleavaging to blastocyst from 2-cell stage(41.4%) was decreased remarkably compared with that of the control(87.2%). And only a few embryos were developed to 8-cell stage at clomiphene concentration of 50μg/㎖ after 2-cell embryos were incubated for 72 hours in clomiphene-treated medium. Morphological changes such as fragmentation and fusion of blastomeres, cytolysis and developmental retardation were increased with dose-dependently. These results suggest that clomiphene has cytotoxic effect by the decrease of the rate of IVF, the developmental rate and the degenerative changes of murine ova and early embryos.

Vinblastine이 백서 배양 Type-1 별아교세포에 미치는 세포독성에 관한 연구

하상호,박승택,문연자,김종영,김정중,정연태 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1994 圓光醫科學 Vol.10 No.1-2

It has been reported that vinblastine, anticancer drug, is a neuroteratogen inducing various neural malformations such as microcephaly and neural tube defect(NTD), but the study on the toxicity of neuroglial cells, especially type-1 astrocytes using culture system is not well established. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of vinblastine on cultured type-1 astrocytes of neonatal rat brain in vitro. MTT assay and also light and electron microscopic studies were carried out. The results were as follows: 1. MTT_90 and MTT_50 in cultured type-1 astrocytes were 1×10 exp (-1) μM and 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine, respectively. 2. Vinblastine was highly toxic in cultured type-1 astrocytes(MTT_50 ≤ 100 μM). 3. In a light microscopy, cultured type-1 astrocytes showed decrease of cells in number, cytoplasmic perforation, vacuolization and cytoplasmic granulation after cultured type-1 astrocytes were treated with 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine for 24 hours. Cultured type-1 astrocytes damaged by vinblastine showed degenerative changes of cells morphologically. 4. In an electron microscopy, increment of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), increased free-ribosomes, cisternal dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). few dense bodies and vacuoles were shown in cultured type-1 astrocytes treated with 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine for 24 hours. The results indicate that vinblastine has markedly cytotoxic effect on the type-1 astrocytes of neonatal rat brain in vitro study.

주요 해운국의 국제선박등록제도

경윤범 培材大學校 社會科學硏究所 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.28 No.-

"Flags of Convenience" or "Open Registry" have developed in recent years as an economic necessity allowing costs to be cut in response to an over-tonnaged marketplace where low to non-existent profit margins were the norm under the registers of the traditional maritime nations. As such, it has been used to characterize national maritime sectors, however, there is still not complete agreement as to its proper definition and objectives. According to the ITF, the most important of these criteria in classifying a register as an FOC is whether the majority of vessels on the register are foreign owned or controlled. Second Registers are sometimes referred to as "Offshore" or "International Registers"and generally perceived as a response by the TMNs to the steady decline of tonnage registered under the flags of such countries. From the perspective of the ITF, a second register emulates an FOC in nearly all its criteria except that tonnage mostly consists of nationally-owned ships and the register usually has conditions in place which are acceptable to the unions of the flag state. Most of the Second Registers were specially created during the 1980s with the specific purpose of stemming the tide of flaggong-out. In addition to the definitive lists, where a vessel operates under the flag of a second register but ownership lies outside the flag state, ITF will categorize and treat it as an FOC ship. Conversely, where owners of vessels are genuinely located within a designated FOC state, then the ITF advocates that their ships should not be treated as FOC. The NIS was established by the Norwegian government in 1987 as a means to halt this reduction of the Norwegian fleet and thereby maintain Norway's traditional maritime infrastructure. Foreigners owned 54 per cent of the total NIS tonnage in 2004. This is an increase of 21 percentage points since 1998. The Norwegian-owned NIS tonnage was below 10 million gross tonnes in both 2003 and 2004. This is the first time this has happened since the NIS was established in 1987. The Singapore Registry of Ships (SRS) was established in 1966 and efforts to promote it continue. The Singapore merchant fleet has been growing at a rate of about 10% in recent years. The autonomous Hong Kong Shipping Register was set up on 3 December 1990 under the Hong Kong Merchant Shipping (Registration). Upon the reunification with the People's Republic of China (PRC), the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) is authorized by the Government of the PRC to maintain a separate shipping register and issue certificates using the name "HONG KONG, CHINA." This article analyses the growth of the Norwegian International Ship Register(NIS), Singapore Registry(SRS), Hong Kong Shipping Register and the basis for this growth. By way of introduction, the establishment of the NIS, SRS, Hong Kong Shipping Register and the motivation for the changes in main country shipping policy are presented.

일본의 노인종합복지관 성공사례의 환경지원성 분석 연구

이연숙,이소영,여욱현,장미선 한국의료복지시설학회 2007 의료·복지 건축 Vol.13 No.1

According to the 2005 Korean census, the 65 and over population now exceeds 9.5% of the total population and is growing rapidly. Meeting elderly environment and care needs of this rapidly growing segment of the population becomes a major challenge for public policies and planners. Since great deal amount of elderly will reside in their houses, aging in place concept becomes important. For the success of aging in place, the quality of individual house unit, community support systems, and/or quality of senior center of the community are crucial. Since elderl environments and facilities serve not only medical and/or care programs but also social activity program in aging society, senior centers need to promote social activities and other care programs. The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of environmental affordance of a well received senior center in Tokyo, Japan. In order to analyze the characteristics, Murtha & Lee user benefit criteria and Lawton's environmental affordance approaches were used. As results, design characteristics and interior elements which provide environmental affordance were enumerated by type of space. Based on needs and user benefit criteria, those features were analyzed. This study shows design characteristics, elements, and attributes which are well received and utilized by elderl users.

약식조리시 당의 종류와 당의 양, 조리기기에 따른 물리적 특성 연구

김연진,우순임 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

This study makes effort to bring a nutritional but quite troublesome traditional food, yaksik, closer to the modern times by studying how different utensils(steaming pots, microwave oven, pressure cooker), types of sugars(black sugar, oligo sugar, and brown+white sugar, honey), amounts of sugar(0.75Cup, 1.00Cup, 1.25Cup) all differ in preference. And using scientific methods to evaluate the physical characteristics of yaksik, the objective is to set a standardized recipe to fit into our modern diet efficiently. Now in our experiments, with different types of sugars, amount of sugar, and cooking utensils, the results on physical characteristics of yaksik were attained by texture, water content, color measurements.

한국 관광호텔산업의 현황과 전망에 관한 연구

김연화 안양대학교 복지행정연구소 2002 福祉行政硏究 Vol.17 No.-

ABSTRACT The 21st century is highly competitive environment in all industry segment. Especially the hotel industry is very sensitive in the economic situation. This study shows utmost korean hotel industry status and environment comprising every level. even government regulation. Afterwards this present the problem of korean hotel industry and prespectives.

LFM 信號에 對한 PLL의 誤差應答硏究

柳然國 忠州大學校 1988 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.22 No.-

This paper presents a theory which describes the transient response of a PLL to a periodic ramp voltage applied to the VCO for generating a chirp signal. With the appropriate choice of loop parameters and the ramp voltage rate to make the value of the normalized loop natural frequency within the range(0,1), the PLL's equation can be simplified to a nearly linear differential equation. Its asymtotic solution can be abtained by the perturbation method as is a rather small value. Simulation results in agreement with the analysis have been abtained. Its application to generate a linear frequency modulation waveform using a high-gain second-order PLL is considered.