Relationship between organizational political Variables and Power and Influnces Tactics of HRD Professionals

Bai-Yin Yang,이용환,Ji-Young Han 한국직업교육학회 2005 職業 敎育 硏究 Vol.24 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 우리나라의 HRD 전문가들에 의해 이용되는 조직적 책략 변수와 힘과 영향력 전략 사이의 관계를 알아보는 것이다. 지금까지 HRD, T&D, OD 과정사이에 몇가지 변수가 있기도 했지만 이 과정은 선형적이고 논리적 절차에 의해 이루어졌다. 하지만 최근의 연구 동향은 교육과 훈련 활동에 있어 조직적 책략의 영향력에 관한 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. Yang과 그의 동료들은(1998, 2001) 힘과 영향력 전략 척도(POINTS)라고 불리우는 도구를 개발하였는데, 이 도구는 프로그램 개발 과정에서 프로그램 계획 행동을 측정하는 것이다. 즉, 교육과 훈련 프로그램을 개발하는 것은 사회적 정치적 과정이고 힘은 이러한 전문가들의 실제를 이해하는데 있어 핵심이 되는 요소라는 것을 가정하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있지만 북아메리카에서 개발된 이와 같은 이론적 틀이 다른 문화적 맥락에 적용 가능한 것인지에 대한 연구는 거의 없다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 우리나라의 HRD 전문가들이 프로그램을 개발하는데 있어 힘과 영향력 전략을 어떻게 이용하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 구체적인 연구 목표는 다음과 같다. 즉, 첫째, POINTS의 우리나라 버전은 프로그램 개발에서 이용되는 전략들간에 내적 일치도라는 측면에서 신뢰로운 도구인가? 둘째, 힘과 영향력 전략의 7가지 차원의 틀이 우리나라 맥락에 적용가능한 것인가? 셋째, HRD 전문가의 프로그램 개발 행동과 조직적 책략 변수 사이에 의미있는 관계가 있는가? 이 연구를 수행하기 위해 Baiyin Yang(1996)에 의해 개발된 Power and Influence Tactics Scale(POINTS)를 연구자 중 한 명이 한국어로 번역하였다. 이를 양국어가 유창한 HRD 전문가가 영어로 다시 번역하였다. 이와 같이 번역된 영어 버전과 한글 버전, 그리고 원 도구의 영어 버전이 영어와 한국어를 동시에 할 수 있는 7명의 HRD 전문가들에 의해 번역이 잘 이루어졌는지 타당도가 검증되었다. 이와 같은 과정을 거쳐 한글판 검사도구를 수정 보완하고 예비조사를 거쳐 240명의 HRD 분야의 프로그램 계획 경험이 있는 전문가들을 대상으로 하여 조사연구를 실시하였다. 조사 대상자는 기업, 대학의 평생교육 센터, 공공 기관의 HRD 프로그램 계획 경험이 있는 전문가들이었다. POINT의 한글판의 요인 구조와 차원을 결정짓기 위해 확인적 요인분석(Confirmatory factor analysis)을 실시하였고 이를 위해 LISREL 8 통계 프로그램을 사용하였다. 또한 조직적 책략 변수와 프로그램 개발 행동간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 상관 분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심리측정학적인 분석 결과 POINTS의 한글 버전은 신뢰도와 타당도 면에서 우수한 것으로 입증되었다( .69). 둘째, 프로그램 개발 상황에서 Yang(1996)이 제한한 힘과 영향력 전략을 구성하는 7가지 차원은 우리나라 맥락에 적용함에 있어 무리가 없는 것으로 입증되었다. 셋째, 조직적 책략 변수를 프로그램 개발 행동과 상당히 밀접하게 연관되어 있다고 결론지을 수 있다.

양파, 마늘 및 고추 첨가가 성장중인 쥐의 화학적 조성과 에너지 대사에 미치는 영향

양양한,윤창훈 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2001 연구보고 Vol.15 No.-

Effects of Onion, Garlic and Red-pepper supplementation on chemical composition and energy metabolism in growing rats have been investigated. The 40 male rats of Sprague dawley were devided into five groups with 8 rats each, and then the carcass composition of group O has been determined. The four groups of Control, Onion, Garlic and Red-pepper were fed with energy level(45g·kg^-0.75·d^-1) for 20 days, respectively, and then the carcass composition of each groups was determined. The proteins of diets were 15.0%, respectively ,and the intake of crude protein of were 6.6g per metabolic body weight. The daily feed intakes of Control, Onion, Garlic and Red-pepper were 9.7g, 9.8g, 9.5g and 9.7g, and the daily weight gains were 4.1g, 4.3g, 4.1g and 4.2g, and feed conversions were 2.4, 2.3, 2.4 and 2.3, respectively. The moisture depositions of Control, Onion, Garlic and Red-pepper were 53.8g, 53.8g 53.2g and 53.2g, and the deposition of crude ash were 2.2g, 2.6g, 2.5g and 2.5g, and those of crude fat were 5.4g, 8.5g, 7.9g and 6.9g, and those of crude protein were 18.8g, 18.3g, 18.8g, respectively, for 20 days. The daily ME intake of the four groups per metabolic body weight were 764kJ, 762kJ, 755kJ and 761kJ, and energy depositions of crude fat were 50kJ, 78kJ, 70kJ and 63kJ, and those of crude protein were 104kJ, 101kJ, 99kJ and 103kJ, and the daily heat productions were 610kJ, 583kJ, 586kJ and 596kJ, respectively.

肝吸蟲症 診斷에 있어서 ELISA법의 應用에 관한 硏究

梁正成,李駿商,林漢鍾 고려대학교 의과대학 1983 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.20 No.1

Human clonorchiasis is one of the most common trematode diseases and of very inportant public health porblems in Korea. Many techniques have been deviced for immunological diagnosis of clonorchiasis. But, these methods have been recognized as low specificity and sensitivity. In the present study the enzyme-linded immunosorbent assay(ELISA) test was demonstreted in the diagnosis of human clononchiasis using clonorchis VBS(veronal buffer solution) skin test antigen and peroxidase conjugated anti-human IgG, and ortho-phenylenediamine as a substrate by microminor modifications. The results obtained are as follows : 1. In the preliminary study optimal dilutions of conjugate, stock antigen and serum were 1/5,000, 1/400 respectively. 2. The O.D.(optical density) values of the ELISA in the sera of clonorchiasis cases using stock antigen and VBS skin test antigen were 1.347±0.728 and 2.332±0.420 respectively, and the mean O.D. value in the sera of clonorchiasis cases using VBS skin test antigen was higher than that of stock antigen in sensitivity. 3. During the storage in a refrigerator, the mean O.D. value of the ELISA in 138 sera of clonorchiasis cases was 1.674±0.601 in the storage for 1 month and that in 244 sera of clonorchiasis casse was 1,494±0.884 from 6 months to 3 years. 4. In the distribution of the O.D. Values of the ELISA in the sera of clonorchiasis cases, 115 (83.3%) out of 138 sera in the storage for 1 month and 161 (66.0%) out of 244 sera in the storage from 6 months to 3 years showed higher O.D. value than 1.000(O.D. at 488nm) which is referedn to the positive serum. 5. The O.D. values of the ELISA in the sera were compared with the degree of infection by E.P.G. (eggs per gram of feces) counts in the stools of the clonorchiais cases and the regression equation was applied for the evaluation: y=0.004x+1.6637 (x : 1/100 of E.P.G; Y : O.D. values) There was no correlation between the O.D. values of the ELISA and the number of egg In the results, the application of the ELISA in the diagnosis of human clonorchiasis using VBS skin test antigen within 1 month period storage seemed to be higher than stock antigen with long period storage in sensitivity. In conclusion, the present the present study suggests that the ELISA test can be applied in the diagnosis of human clonorchiasis as applicable and reproducible test in comparison with other immunological tests, especially in the sere-epidemiological study.

吸着性藥品에 關한 硏究 : pH의 影響에 對하여

韓寬燮,金良培,朴洪球 서울대학교 1972 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

In the previous paper, authors compared the adsorptivity of single use with compounded use of adsorbents. As adsorbates, water-soluble indicators, i.e., Methylene blue, Gentiana violet, Congo red, were used. In this paper, authors tried to compare the adsorptivity of single use with compounded use in differentiating pH. The adsorptivity was evaluated by the determination of transmittance using spectrophotometer. As results, activated charcoal and Kaolin show desirable adsorptivity in compounded use than single use. However, the Korean clay doesn't show as Kaolin. By X-ray diffraction analysis and color reaction, the above Korean clay was similar to montmorillonite. Each compound doesn't show any elevation of adsorptivity in the alkaline. In acidie solution, Methylene blue showed increased adsorptivity but other compounds showed strong adsorptivity around neutral pH range.

경도관 동맥색전술을 이용한 비정상 자궁출혈의 치료

양승부,최교창,이상진,정영진,임한혁,한효상,황인철,조환성 순천향의학연구소 2005 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.11 No.1

Objective : Our purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the transcatheter arterial embolization for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding. Materials and Methods : 14 patients with massive or recurrent uterine bleeding underwent percutaneous transcatheter arterial embolization between February 2003 and September 2004. We reviewed 14 cases of uterine artery or internal iliac artery embolization using gelfoam or PVA particles. Results : Good management of uterine bleeding was achieved in 13 of 14(93%) cases. The cause of abnormal uterine bleeding was myoma(5 case), post D & E bleeding(3), acquired vascular malformation(3), pseudoaneurysm(1), adenomyosis(1), and endometrial hyperplasia(1). Conclusion : Transcatheter artery embolization is an effective and life-saving procedure in massive or recurrent uterine bleeding. Early diagnosis and prompt transcatheter arterial embolization is a useful mangement of uterine bleeding.

인간 시각 특성을 고려한 DTV 비디오 테스트 패턴 연구

한찬호,박양우,윤태진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.2(C)

For DTV development and testing, we propose composite a video test pattern considering human visual characteristics and compress to stream. In this paper, we use the SMPTE 274M for video input format. And we compose verity analog video test pattern and develop digital video test pattern. We propose MPEG-2 MP@HL compression algorithm for proposed still picture sequence maintaining above 40dB picture quality. Finally we test several DTV using proposed video test pattern.

제조기업의 주요 경쟁차원에서 동시공학 전략군의 특성분석

양한수,박대봉 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 2001 産業經營 Vol.29 No.-

Lipopolysaccharide, Dexamethasone, 및 N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester가 흰쥐 간 조직의 프리라디칼 발생과 제거에 미치는 영향

한기정,김석배,김양균,윤혜영,백광진,이희성,권년수 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2003 中央醫大誌 Vol.28 No.1

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates various immune and inflammatory reactions to induces the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI). ROI and RNI are free radicals with very high reactivity, oxidize cellular constituents including proteins and lipid membranes, and thus play important roles in the pathogenesis of tissue damages in LPS-induced septic shock. The present study examined effects of dexamethasone (DexM), and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on the generation of ROI and RNI, and on the activities of enzymes removing ROI in the liver of rat model of septic shock. DexM has widely been used as an immunosuppressant. L-NAME has known to block synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), the main RNI, by inhibiting NO synthase (NOS). LPS (10 mg/kg body weight) markedly enhanced NO generation in serum and liver. The increased NO generation was completely blocked by pretreatment with DexM (10 mg/kg) and effectively inhibited by L-NAME (10 mg/kg). Induction of NOS protein expression by LPS was demonstrated by a Western analysis. The NOS expression was completely blocked by DexM pre-treatment, and markedly inhibited by L-NAME. However, the generation of superoxide radical, an important ROI, was not enhance in rat liver by LPS, rather it was decreased a little. Superoxide radical production was increased by L-NAME treatment or combined treatment of DexM and LPS. The level of lipid peroxidation, an index for free radical-induced cell damage, was increased by either LPS or DexM. The enhancement of lipid peroxidation by DexM was abolished by adding LPS. DexM markedly enhanced the activities of ROI removing enzymes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. However, rats were treated with LPS in addition to DexM, the elevated activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were abolished. These results provide information on the generation and removal of ROI and RNI by LPS, DexM and L-NAME in rat liver, and on development of drugs to inhibit free radical-induced liver damage in sepsis.

에너지 제한이 성장중인 쥐의 성장 및 에너지 대사에 미치는 영향

양양한 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

Influence of energy restriction on subsequent body weight gain and energy metablism in growing rats have been investigated. Rats were fed with a high energy(45g DM·㎏^(-0.75)·d^(-1) and a low energy diet(34g DM·㎏^(-0.75)·d^(-1), respectively. The proteins level in diets were 11.3 and 15.0%, respectively. The daily feed intakes of the control group(Ⅰb) and the low energy group(Ⅱb) during the compensatory growth phase were 9.90 and 10.10g, and the daily weight gains were 2.81, and 4.20g, respectively. The depositions of moisture, crude ash, crude fat, and crude protein for group Ⅰb and Ⅱb were 1,965 and 2,627, 92 and 114, 289 and 764, and 711 and 770㎎, respectively. The daily ME intakes of the two groups per metabolic body weight were 764 and 762kJ, and energy depositions of crude fat were 54 and 134kJ, and the depositions of crude protein were 97 and 100kJ, and the daily heat productions were 613 and 528kJ, respectively.

교육공무원의 성과상여금제도에 관한 일연구

한양희 참마음교육학회 2006 未來敎育硏究 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 교원의 전문성의 신장시키고 떨어진 사기를 진작시킨다는 목적에서 시행되고 있는 교육공무원 성과상여금제에 대하여 현장 교사들의 전반적인 실태를 확인하고 나아가 교육공무원에 대한 성과상여금제가 지니고 있는 문제점과 그 개선방안을 모색하는데 그 기본 목적이 있다. 아울러, 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 교육공무원 성과상여금제의 이론적 배경과 그 시행 실태를 고찰·분석하여 교육공무원 성과상여금제의 개선에 기여하기 위하여 초·중등교사간, 남·여교사간, 직급간, 교육경력간, 학교수준간에 차이가 있는가를 밝힌다. This paper has the basic purpose of examining comprehensively the real situation of the incentive payment system for public educational personnel which was introduced with a view to intensify professionalism of teachers in the front and enhance their degenerated morale and, by thus, finding out the measures for its improvement. From the outcomes of the study on and analysis into the incentive system for public educational personnel, it may be concluded and suggested as follows: First, the system should be operated not just to make assessment for assessment's sake but in the manner to provide incentives to excellent teachers and, at the same time, to encourage others to develop their specialty, as was intended initially. Second, the system should be able to form the sense of community among teachers and establish objective criterion for rating in order to recover and maintain trust between the assessors and the assessed. Third, it is proposed to assess teachers not in such one-way and uniform pattern as has been done till presently by principals of each school but to develop and utilize various techniques to ensure multi-faceted assessment in consideration of time, method and frequency of assessment.