Algorithms and Stability Analysis for Content Distribution over Multiple Multicast Trees

Xiaoying Zheng,Chunglae Cho,Ye Xia IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on parallel and distributed syst Vol.26 No.5

<P>The paper investigates theoretical issues in applying the universal swarming technique to efficient content distribution. In a swarming session, a file is distributed to all the receivers by having all the nodes in the session exchange file chunks. By universal swarming, not only all the nodes in the session, but also some nodes outside the session may participate in the chunk exchange to improve the distribution performance. We present a universal swarming model where the chunks are distributed along different Steiner trees rooted at the source and covering all the receivers. We assume chunks arrive dynamically at the sources and focus on finding stable universal swarming algorithms. To achieve the throughput region, universal swarming usually involves a tree-selection subproblem of finding a min-cost Steiner tree, which is NP-hard. We propose a universal swarming scheme that employs an approximate tree-selection algorithm. We show that it achieves network stability for a reduced throughput region, where the reduction ratio is no more than the approximation ratio of the tree-selection algorithm. We propose a second universal swarming scheme that employs a randomized tree-selection algorithm. It achieves the throughput region, but with a weaker stability result. Comprehensive simulation results support the stability analysis of the algorithms. The proposed schemes and their variants are expected to be useful for infrastructure-based content distribution networks with massive content and relatively stable network environment.</P>

Improved development of somatic cell cloned bovine embryos by a mammary gland epithelia cells in vitro model

XiaoYing He,LiBing Ma,Xiao-ning He,Wan-tong Si,Yue-Mao Zheng 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.2

Previous studies have established a bovine mammary gland epithelia cells in vitro model by the adenovirus-mediated telomerase (hTERT-bMGEs). The present study was conducted to confirm whether hTERT-bMGEs were effective target cells to improve the efficiency of transgenic expression and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). To accomplish this, a mammary-specific vector encoding human lysozyme and green fluorescent protein was used to verify the transgenic efficiency of hTERT-bMGEs, and untreated bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (bMGEs) were used as a control group. The results showed that the hTERT-bMGEs group had much higher transgenic efficiency and protein expression than the bMGEs group. Furthermore, the nontransgenic and transgenic hTERT-bMGEs were used as donor cells to evaluate the efficiency of SCNT. There were no significant differences in rates of cleavage or blastocysts or hatched blastocysts of cloned embryos from nontransgenic hTERT-bMGEs at passage 18 and 28 groups (82.8% vs. 81.9%, 28.6% vs. 24.8%, 58.6% vs. 55.3%, respectively) and the transgenic group (80.8%, 26.5% and 53.4%); however, they were significantly higher than the bMGEs group (71.2%, 12.8% and 14.8%), (p < 0.05). We confirmed that hTERT-bMGEs could serve as effective target cells for improving development of somatic cell cloned cattle embryos.

Inactivation of epithelial sodium ion channel molecules serves as effective diagnostic biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Zheng Qian,Wang Yifang,Zhao Ran,Han Peipei,Zhao Jun,Li Limei,Zhou Xiaohui,Li Ping,Mo Yingxi,Pan Xinli,Luo Wenqi,Zhou Xiaoying 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.7

Background Non-voltage-gated sodium channel, also known as the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), formed by heteromeric complexes consisting of SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G, is responsible for maintaining sodium ion and body fluid homeostasis in epithelial cells. However, no systematic study of SCNN1 family members has been conducted in renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) to date. Objective To investigate the abnormal expression of SCNN1 family in ccRCC and its potential correlation with clinical parameters. Methods The transcription and protein expression levels of SCNN1 family members in ccRCC were analyzed based on the TCGA database, and were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining assays, respectively. The area under curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SCNN1 family members for ccRCC patients. Results The mRNA and protein expression of SCNN1 family members was significantly downregulated in ccRCC compared with normal kidney tissues, which might be due to DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region. It is worth noting that the AUC of SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G were 0.965, 0.979, and 0.988 based on the TCGA database (p < 0.0001), respectively. The diagnostic value was even higher when combing these three members together (AUC = 0.997, p < 0.0001). Intriguingly, the mRNA level of SCNN1A was significantly lower in females compared with males, while SCNN1B and SCNN1G were increased with the progression of ccRCC and remarkably associated with a worse outcome for patients. Conclusion The aberrantly decrease of SCNN1 family members might serve as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of ccRCC.

CONSUMERS’ RESPONSES ON GLOBAL BRANDS’ PRODUCT-HARM CRISES: THE EFFECT OF LAY THEORY

Yi Xie,Xiaoying Zheng 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

The Construction of the Trust Relationship between the Platform and the Consumer in Mutual Economic Environment

Qianwen Xu,Miaomiao Zheng,Weimiao Zheng,Xiaoying Hu,Dan Li,Cong Cao 한국경영정보학회 2021 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

The mutual aid economy mainly comes from the sharing economy. The “mutual aid economy” model of taking out personal idle funds to share with others to obtain the most significant economic benefits is an area that the international community is currently striving to explore. After the establishment of the "Mutual Insurance Commune", parallel to the development of the digital economy and the significant improvement of the material living standards, the mutual aid economy with unique advantages has been experiencing rapid growth in China. Because China has a large population and a large base of the bottom poor groups, the traditional insurance business can no longer meet the needs of these groups. In this context, the network mutual assistance platform bred by the combination of the Internet and the traditional insurance industry has ushered in a development boom. In recent years, however, the Internet mutual aid platform is under a contentious and intensified debate,which has a great relationship with the standard use of funds. Some network mutual aid platforms put forward that they have the right to manage the mutual aid funds stored on the platform, but there is no clear limit on the scope of use. In addition, the information disclosure of some platforms is not transparent enough, which makes the use of mutual aid funds standardized to become a major problem, which severely limits the development of network mutual aid platforms. A lot of news of “xx mutual assistance platform shutting down” has shaken the rationality and longevity of the network mutual aid platform. In addition, due to China's unique domestic political environment and policies, for example, in September this year, The State Council issued the notice of "normalization of collective procurement of medicines”, which will reduce the potential population of mutual insurance and have a certain impact on its development. These show that its stable development has hidden risks that it cannot ignore. Since the closure of Fun in Funding and Water Droplets Mutual Aid in March of this year, two leading mutual-aid platforms, the credibility of the mutual aid economy, the sustainability of online mutual-aid platforms, and the future of mutual aid are all doubtful and faint. Factors such as establishing the trust relationship between the platform and the consumer, the financing of the risk of entering and exiting the risk, the breadth, depth and timeliness of mutual assistance behaviour challenge the survival and development of network mutual assistance platforms. It also means that the transformation and upgrading of the traditional insurance industry in the Internet age is not smooth. However, on the other hand, online mutual aid platforms have the following advantages: First, mutual aid platforms have outstanding social benefits, which can maximize the benefits of social resources. Second, the fund scale of the network platform is relatively small, and the funding object is scattered. Third, the mutual aid platform's motivational orientation to pursue benefits makes its risks more controllable than other platforms. Also,the introduction of the "Blockchain" technology enhances the transparency and reliability of the mutual assistance mechanism. In the process of mutual-treasure operation, the integration of blockchain technology realizes the establishment of mutual-treasure advantages. This study believes that if we can correctly guide network mutual aid, it can become a new model in financial and insurance innovation. The study aims to provide constructive suggestions to promote the transformation and development of the network mutual aid platform and achieve high-quality development of the mutual aid economy in China. According to the development status of low threshold, high security, low intermediate cost and high self-propagation of mutual aid economy and network mutual aid platform at home and abroad, taking “Xianghubao”, a domestic “late start, fast development, “strong strength” network mutual assistance platform, as the research object. This study focuses on building a trust relationship between the network mutual aid platform and consumers in the mutual aid economy from the normative perspective of using technology and controlling mutual aid funds. Employing semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and data modelling and analysis, the study has explored the prerequisites for the rise and prosperity of the mutual aid economy include increasingly abundant idle resources, the establishment of collaborative network platforms, mutual aid value consensus, industry environment,then offers a deep analysis towards the mutual trust mechanism between the enterprise and the user within “Xianghubao”, to further probe into the logical and critical elements which impact on building the relationship of trust between the network mutual aid platform and consumers in mutual aid economy. Also, the "Blockchain" technology is introduced to enhance the transparency and reliability of the mutual assistance mechanism. Based on the study, the company can make corresponding countermeasures from the four dimensions of internal management, trusted products, risk control, and mutual trust between customers to deal with the reformation and the closure of “Xianghubao”. The research described in this paper was supported by a grant from the Zhejiang Province Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (File No. S202110337116).

Fundamental Issues Related to the Origin of Melatonin and Melatonin Isomers during Evolution: Relation to Their Biological Functions

Tan, Dun-Xian,Zheng, Xiaodong,Kong, Jin,Manchester, Lucien C.,Hardeland, Ruediger,Kim, Seok Joong,Xu, Xiaoying,Reiter, Russel J. MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.9

<P>Melatonin and melatonin isomers exist and/or coexist in living organisms including yeasts, bacteria and plants. The levels of melatonin isomers are significantly higher than that of melatonin in some plants and in several fermented products such as in wine and bread. Currently, there are no reports documenting the presence of melatonin isomers in vertebrates. From an evolutionary point of view, it is unlikely that melatonin isomers do not exist in vertebrates. On the other hand, large quantities of the microbial flora exist in the gut of the vertebrates. These microorganisms frequently exchange materials with the host. Melatonin isomers, which are produced by these organisms inevitably enter the host’s system. The origins of melatonin and its isomers can be traced back to photosynthetic bacteria and other primitive unicellular organisms. Since some of these bacteria are believed to be the precursors of mitochondria and chloroplasts these cellular organelles may be the primary sites of melatonin production in animals or in plants, respectively. Phylogenic analysis based on its rate-limiting synthetic enzyme, serotonin <I>N</I>-acetyltransferase (SNAT), indicates its multiple origins during evolution. Therefore, it is likely that melatonin and its isomer are also present in the domain of archaea, which perhaps require these molecules to protect them against hostile environments including extremely high or low temperature. Evidence indicates that the initial and primary function of melatonin and its isomers was to serve as the first-line of defence against oxidative stress and all other functions were acquired during evolution either by the process of adoption or by the extension of its antioxidative capacity.</P>

Model predictive pulse pattern control of permanent magnet synchronous motors for medium‑ and low‑speed optimization

Yueqing Zhao,Taiqiang Cao,Guangxu Pan,Jin Dai,Xiaoying Guo,Min Zheng,Xuan Lin 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.9

Taking the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as the research object, the model prediction pulse pattern control (MP3C) of a PMSM running in the medium–low-speed zone is adopted to further reduce the torque ripple and phase current total harmonic distortion (THD) of a motor running in the medium–low-speed zone. First, the objective function of the predictive pulse control method is optimized. The objective function is intended to be the difference between the switching voltage vector and the equivalent reference voltage vector. At the same time, the integral of the difference between the d-axis current reference value and the actual value is compensated into the voltage reference vector. Thus, the pulse pattern control selected by the objective function is optimal when the motor is running in the medium–low-speed region. In addition, the PMSM can run stably and reliably. Simulation results show that the torque ripple is reduced by 1.3 Nm and 1.2 Nm, and that the phase current total harmonic distortion is reduced by 0.10% and 0.03% when the motor is running at 5 Nm and 10 Nm and at a speed of 100 rpm, respectively. When the rotation speed is 1000 rpm, the torque ripple is reduced by 0.74 Nm and 0.78 Nm respectively. In addition, the phase current total harmonic distortion is decreased by 0.44% and 0.54%, respectively.

Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Mediates the Upregulation of C5α Receptor 1 via NF-κB Pathway to Facilitate the Growth and Migration of Hepatoma Cells

Fanyun Kong,Yukai Tao,Dongchen Yuan,Ning Zhang,Qi Li,Tong Yu,Xiaoying Yang,Delong Kong,Xiaohui Ding,Xiangye Liu,Hongjuan You,Kuiyang Zheng,Renxian Tang 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.2

Purpose C5α receptor 1 (C5ΑR1) is associated with the development of various human cancers. However, whether it is involved in the development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. We explored the expression, biological role, and associated mechanisms of C5AR1 in HBV-related hepatoma cells. Materials and Methods The expression of C5ΑR1 mediated by HBV and HBV core protein (HBc) was detected in hepatoma cells. The function of nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) pathway in HBc-induced C5AR1 expression was assessed. The roles of C5ΑR1 in the activation of intracellular signal pathways, the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the growth and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by HBc, were investigated. The effect of C5α in the development of HCC mediated by C5AR1 was also measured. Results C5ΑR1 expression was increased in HBV-positive hepatoma cells. Dependent on HBc, HBV enhanced the expression of C5ΑR1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Besides, HBc could promote C5ΑR1 expression via the NF-κB pathway. Based on the C5ΑR1, HBc facilitated the activation of JNK and ERK pathways and the expression and secretion of interleukin-6 in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, C5ΑR1 was responsible for enhancing the growth and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by HBc. Except these, C5α could promote the malignant development of HBc-positive HCC via C5AR1. Conclusion We provide new insight into the mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis mediated by HBc. C5ΑR1 has a significant role in the functional abnormality of hepatoma cells mediated by HBc, and might be utilized as a potential therapeutic target for HBV-related HCC.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Cuticle of Moulting Larvae

Xin Zeng,Jie Wei,Feng Wu,Feng Fung,Xiaoying Wu,Xi Sun,Huanqing Zheng,Zhiyue Lv,Zhongdao Wu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.6