농구경기 관람자의 스포츠 소비 행동에 관한 연구

林雨澤 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1992 體育硏究 Vol.- No.5

The purpose of this investigation was to study the behaviors of sport consumtion among basketball. More specifically, the study examine types and characteristics of sport consumtiom which basketball spectators represent in the context of sport events. Data collected from a questionnaire designed for this study consisted of forced-choice response to item constructed to represent the operational definitions for each variable. The inventory was administered to six hundred and twenty-six visited basketball competitions. To data analysis, statistics employed this study was Chi-square test. Based upon the result of this study, the following conclustion appear warranted. Behaviors of sport consumtion among basketball spectators is influenced with such demographic and economic factors as sex, age, educational level, and marital status, and also represented in different patterns according to characteristics of each factor.

都市地域住民의 生活體育 意識構造

鄭相澤,吳東燮,安禹洪,金正子,林銖遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1991 체육과학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

This study was aimed to elucidata Taegu citizens' consciousness about Sport for All. 950 subjects responded to the researcher's questionnaires. The results are as follows; 1) 88.8% of whole subjects felt necessity of physical activity in every day life. In view of sex, 91.0% of male and 86.5% of female felt the necessity. 2) 73.4% of the subjects put weight in health improvement and 19.1% of the subjects put weight in strong mental power in relation to the value of physical activity. 3) About the local facilities of physical activity, only 8.3% of the subjects satisfied. A largy majority(65.7%) of the subjects reveated dissatisfaction. 4) Preference orders in relation to the expansion of facilities appeared as follows; tennis court(24.5%), swimming pool(14.4%), badminton court(12.5%), gymnasium(11.4%) and football field(7.0%). 5) 76.1% of the sujbjects thought that physical activity contribute to reduce demoralized life style, but 3.2% of the subjects not thought so. 6) About present participation in physical activity, 31.8% of the subjects answered being participated, but the large majority(68.2%) of the subjects answered not being participated. 7) Subjects' favorite physical activitier are tennis(18.6%), mounteering (12.9%), football(8.9%), golf(8.6%), badminton(8.3%), jogging(8.3%), gymnasics(7.3%) and swimming(7.0%) 8) The places of physical activities are private facilities(33.4%), work place(13.6%), private house(12.6%), school(10.9%) and physical education park(9.3%). 9) 73.9% of the subjects answered that they were participating in physical activity for health improvement. 10) 70.6% of the subjects felt the necessity of coach of Sport for All. 11) In case of not attendance to the physical activity, 70.6% of them answered that the main reason of not attendance was lack of leisure. 12) In case of not attendance, 33.7% of them spared time to TV watching, 28.8% of them to housework and 18.0% of them to sleeping. 13) 13.5% of subjects wanted to participate in swimming, 12.9% to tennis, 11.7% to table tennis, 10.8% to mountaineering, and 10.3% to badminton if circumstances permit.

키보드 형태가 컴퓨터 신경행동검사에 미치는 영향

전만중,김창윤,정종학,임우택,사공준 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도가 컴퓨터 신경행동검사에 미치는 영향을 평가하고, 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 수행할 때 키보드 형태의 영향을 평가하며, 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도와 신경행동검사 결과의 관련성에 키보드 형태의 영향을 평가함으로서 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도의 영향을 가장 적게 받는 신경행동검사 항목을 선택하고 향후 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 효과적으로 사용하는데 적합한 키보드의 형태를 결정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 방법 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도는 한글의 분당타자속도에 따라 컴퓨터를 사용한 경험이 전혀 없는 군(1군, 24명, 타자속도 0자/분), 컴퓨터를 사용하긴 하나 익숙지 않은 군(2군, 21명, 타자속도 200자/분 미만) 및 컴퓨터를 능숙하게 다루는 군(3군, 25명, 타자속도 200자/분 이상)으로 나누고 성별, 연령 및 학력을 조사하였다. 신경행동검사는 컴퓨터 신경행동검사 프로그램인 SPES-K를 이용하여 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기, 부호숫자짝짓기 및 손가락 두드리기 순으로 시행하였으며, 일반적으로 컴퓨터에 사용되는 106개의 키를 가진 키보드(1형), 일반적인 키보드를 검사에 사용되는 17개의 키(10개의 숫자키, 4개의 화살표 키, 양쪽 Ctrl키, 스페이스 바)만 두고 나머지 키는 제거한 키보드(2형) 및 11개의 키(10개의 숫자키, 스페이스 바)로 된 특별히 제작된 키보드(3형)를 이용하여 검사하였다. 결과 : 대상자들의 평균 연령은 1군이 49.9세, 2군이 33.6세 및 3군이 28.9세였으며, 각 군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=58.88, p<0.001). 남녀의 구성은 1군, 2군 및 3군에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 교육수준은 1군이 평균 10.3년, 2군이 15.3년 및 3군이 17.1년으로 유의한 차이가 있었고(F=39.605, p<0.001), 분당 한글 타수는 1군은 0회, 2군은 평균 79.2회 및 3군은 224.2회였다(F=165.983, p<0.001). 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기, 손가락 두드리기에서 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 평균반응시간과 반응시간의 표준편차 및 오답수는 세 가지 키보드 형태 모두에서 세 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기에서는 1형 키보드 형태에서 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 후 1군은 3448msec, 2군은 2520msec 및 3군은 2753msec로 1군과 2군 사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=3.347, p=0.041, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 그러나 2형 키보드 형태나 3형 키보드 형태에서는 세 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기의 오답수는 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 후 세 가지 키보드 형태 모두에서 세 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 신경행동검사 결과를 한글 타자속도에 따른 각 군내로 한정하여 세 가지 키보드 형태간의 차이를 비교하면 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기 및 손가락 두드리기의 검사 결과는 세 가지 키보드 형태간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 평균반응시간의 표준편차 및 오답수는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 평균반응시간이 1군에서 1형 키보드로 검사를 한 경우 4630 msec, 2형 키보드로 검사한 경우 3265 msec 및 3형 키보드로 시행한 경우 3519 msec로 1형 키보드와 2형 키보드간 및 1형 키보드와 3형 키보드간에서 유의한 있었다(F=6.197, p=0.003, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 2군의 경우에는 세 가지 형태의 키보드 간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, 3군의 경우에는 1형 키보드로 검사한 경우 1915 msec, 2형 키보드로 검사한 경우 1761 msec 및 3형 키보드로 시행한 경우 1784 msec로 1형 키보드와 2형 키보드간 및 1형 키보드와 3형 키보드사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=8.950, p<0.001, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 결론 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도나 키보드에 의한 영향이 많다고 생각되는 근로자 집단에 대해 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 수행하는 경우에는 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기 및 손가락 두드리기와 같은 검사항목이 다른 검사에 비해 타당성이 좋은 검사로 평가되었다. 그러나 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도나 키보드 형태에 영향을 받는 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 대상자의 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도를 결과의 해석에 고려해야 할 것으로 생각되며, 부호숫자짝짓기의 타당성을 높이기 위해서는 적합한 키보드의 선택에 관한 고려가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 즉 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 일반적인 1형 키보드에 비해 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도의 영향을 감소시키는 경향을 보인 2형과 3형의 키보드 사용이 권고된다. Objectives: A stratified cross-over study was conducted to evaluate the effects of familiarity with computer on the performance of computerized neurobehavioral tests. Effects of keyboard type on the relationship between familiarity with computer and performance of computerized neurobehavioral tests were also examined. Methods: We tested 70 persons classified into three groups according to degree of familiarity with computer: Group 1 was people with no computer competency, Group 2 had slight working experience on the computer, and Group 3 were highly competent and efficient on the computer. For each group, we executed 4 tests of the Korean version of the Swedish Performance Evaluation System (Simple Reaction Time, Addition, Symbol Digit, and Finger Tapping Speed). Three types of keyboard were applied for all three groups. Type 1 keyboard was a conventional layout with 106 keys. We removed the unused keys except for the 17 which were used in the test and remodeled the normal keyboard into Type 2 keyboard with 17 keys (10 numeric keys, 4 arrow keys, space bar, and both CM keys). Type 3 keyboard with 11 keys consisted of 10 numeric keys and the space bas was newly developed for the computerized neurobehavioral performance test. Results: It was found that Simple Reaction Time, Addition, and Finger Tapping Speed were not affected by familiarity with computer and type of keyboard. The mean reaction time of Symbol Digit adjusted by age and educational level with Type 1 keyboard was found to have significant difference among the three groups (F=3.347, p=0.041). The performance of Symbol Digit in Group 1 was found to be significantly lower than that in Group 2. The performances of Symbol Digit measured with Types 2 and 3 keyboards were not found to have significant differences among the thee groups. In Groups 1 and 3, the performances of Symbol Digit measured with Type 1 keyboard were found to be significantly lower than those of other keyboards. Conclusions: According to the above results, Simple Reaction Time, Addition, and Finger Tapping Speed have high priority over other neurobehavioral tests for the workers having varying degrees of computer familiarity. It is also suggested that familiarity with computer and keyboard type needs to be considered in interpretation of the performance of Symbol Digit. We recommended executing the computerized neurobehavioral test with keyboards 2 or 3 to reduce the effect of computer familiarity.

Muscular Adaptations and Novel Magnetic Resonance Characterizations of Spinal Cord Injury

( Woo Taek Lim ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2015 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The spinal cord is highly complex, consisting of a specialized neural network that comprised both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Any kind of injury and/or insult to the spinal cord leads to a series of damaging events resulting in motor and/or sensory deficits below the level of injury. As a result, muscle paralysis (or paresis) leading to muscle atrophy or shrinking of the muscle along with changes in muscle fiber type, and contractile properties have been observed. Traditionally, histology had been used as a gold standard to characterize spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced adaptation in spinal cord and skeletal muscle. However, histology measurements is invasive and cannot be used for longitudinal analysis. Therefore, the use of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is promoted to be used as an alternative non-invasive method, which allows the repeated measurements over time and secures the safety against radiation by using radiofrequency pulse. Currently, many of pathological changes and adaptations occurring after SCI can be measured by MRI methods, specifically 3-dimensional MRI with the advanced diffusion tensor imaging technique. Both techniques have shown to be sensitive in measuring morphological and structural changes in skeletal muscle and the spinal cord.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Biomarker for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Woo taek Lim 한국전문물리치료학회 2015 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Muscular dystrophy is a hereditary musculoskeletal disorder caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most common, and progresses relatively faster than other muscular dystrophies. It is characterized by progressive myofiber degeneration, muscle weakness and ultimately ambulatory loss. Since it is an X-linked recessive inheritance, DMD is mostly expressed in males and rarely expressed or less severe in females. The most effective measurement tool for DMD is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which allows non-invasive examination of longitudinal measurement. It can detect progressive decline of skeletal muscle size by measuring a maximal cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle. Additionally, other techniques in MRI, like T2-weighted imaging, assess muscle damage, including inflammation, by detecting changes in T2 relaxation time. Current MRI techniques even allow quantification of metabolic differences between affected and non-affected muscles in DMD. There is no current cure, but physical therapist can improve their quality of life by maintaining muscle strength and function, especially if treatment (and other forms of medical intervention) begins in the early stages of the disease.

Changes in Pain Following the Different Intensity of the Stretching and Types of Physical Stress

Woo-taek Lim 한국전문물리치료학회 2019 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Background: Both the rapid concentric and eccentric contractions during exercise repeatedly impose excessive stress on muscle tissue. The hamstring muscles are very susceptible to injury due to the tensile stress. Various interventions are currently being undertaken to prevent strain injury before exercise. Stretching is the most common method and is known to have a positive effect on flexibility and muscle performance. However, relatively few studies have investigated the potential negative factors of stretching. Objects: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in pain following the different intensity of the stretching and types of physical stress. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups based on the intensity of stretching: 100%(S100), 75% (S75), and 50% (S50) of the measured force at the point of discomfort in static stretching and 100% (P100), 75% (P75), and 50% (P50) of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching. The pain individual subjects perceived after stretching was measured via a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and compared between the groups Results: Despite the decrease in the intensity of static stretching, no decrease in VAS value was observed. In PNF stretching, a significant decrease was observed at P50 compared to P100. S100 was significantly higher than P75 and P50. Conclusion: Previous studies have shown that PNF has a superior or the same effect on flexibility in comparison with static stretching. This effect was maintained even in moderate intensity. PNF stretching performed under moderate rather than high intensive static stretching, which causes pain and discomfort, might be recommended in clinical settings.

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogen in companion animals

Woo Kyung Jung(Woo Kyung Jung),Sook Shin(Sook Shin),Young Kyung Park(Young Kyung Park),Suk Kyung Lim(Suk Kyung Lim),Kun Taek Park(Kun Taek Park),Yong Ho Park(Yong Ho Park) 한국예방수의학회 2019 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-

A Novel Card-based Information Security Game Development on SNS

Woo-Taek Lim,Moon-Bo Yang,Seong Baeg Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.7 No.6

Influence of Tibial Rotation on EMG Activities of Medial and Lateral Hamstrings During Maximal Isometric Knee Flexion

Woo-taek Lim 한국전문물리치료학회 2018 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Background: The hamstring muscles in the lower extremity are highly important for knee joint stability and can be classified into medial and lateral hamstrings according to the anatomical position, which have some different functions. To measure the strength of the individual hamstring muscles, manual muscle testing is clinically performed by dividing rotation postures into internal and external postures. However, this has no sufficient scientific background. Objects: This study aimed to test the difference that the tibial rotation would cause in the muscle activity of the medial and lateral hamstrings. Methods: The muscle activities of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus were measured in a total of three different postures (neutral position and internal and external rotations) with 3 replications. During the maximal isometric contraction, resistance was constantly provided by the string attached to the strap, not by manual resistance of the examiner. Before and after electromyography measurements, the participants underwent hamstring flexibility measurement using the active knee extension test in the supine position on the treatment table Results: The semitendinosus had a 12.56% reduction in muscle activity in external rotation as compared with that in neutral position. The biceps femoris and semimembranosus showed reduced muscle activities in both external and internal rotations as compared with those in neutral position. Only the women showed significant decreases in the comparison between pre and post-active knee extension. Conclusion: Only the semitendinosus muscle was consistent with the anatomical speculation. However, the reduction in the muscle activity of the semitendinosus as compared with that in neutral position was only 12.56%, the clinical value of which may be difficult to justify.

일반 방사선검사의 소요 시간 실태조사

임우택(Woo-Taek Lim),주영철(Young-Cheol Joo),김연민(Yon-Min Kim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2022 방사선기술과학 Vol.45 No.3

In this study, by analyzing the examination time for each procedure, the appropriate workload of radiologic technologist is analyzed based on the actual examination time in the current clinical setting by comparing with the examination time in the radiology field setting of the health insurance review and assessment service. In addition, this result is introduced into the calculation of relate value units; it was attempted to provide accurate and objective evidence in the field of radiology. From May 2020 to December 2021, the study retrospectively investigated the examination times recorded in the electronic medical record and picture archiving and communication system at 5 tertiary general hospitals and 1 general hospital. The total of 16 examination parts are applied in this study, including the head, sinuses, chest, ribs, abdomen, pelvis, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, femur, knee, and ankle. The minimum number of images that could be obtained per radiation generator was 3.6 images for one hour, and the maximum was 6.4 images. When 50% median of procedure time is calculated, the minimum number of images that could be obtained was 16.7 images and maximum was 35.3 images; in addition, minimum examination time is 1.7 minutes, and maximum time is 3.6 minutes. In conclusion, it is judged that there will be insufficient explanation time for basic infection instructions such as hand hygiene during the examinations in current clinical practice. It is believed that radiologic technologists will contribute to providing higher-quality of radiation examination services to the public by complying with guidelines for work and setting appropriate workload on their own.