A METHODOLOGICAL CRITIQUE OF THE GOLDFELD-QUANDT TEST AND THE GLESJER TEST : IN SEARCH OF A NEW METHOD TO CORRECT THE PROBLEM OF HETEROSCEDASTICITY

Hwang, Sung-don 韓國外國語大學校 附設 公共政策硏究所 1997 公共政策硏究 Vol.14 No.2

Effects of Steroid Hormones on $In$ $Vitro$ GVBD and Oocyte Steroidogenesis in Blacktip Grouper, $Epinephelus$ $fasciatus$

Hwang, In-Joon,Kim, Seol-Ki,Choi, Sang-Jun,Lee, Chi-Hoon,Lee, Young-Don,Kim, Hyung-Bae,Baek, Hea-Ja The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2012 발생과 생식 Vol.16 No.1

To verify the sex steroids which are involved in oocyte maturation of the blacktip grouper, $Epinephelus$ $fasciatus$, we incubated vitellogenic oocytes (0.41 and 0.50 mm in average diameter) in the presence of exogenous steroid precursor ($[^3H]17{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone). Steroids were extracted, separated and identified by thin layer chromatography. The major metabolites produced were androstenedione, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, estrone and progestogens. Progestogen metabolites in the oocytes of 0.50 mm were more abundant than those of 0.41 mm. Also, we investigated the $in$ $vitro$ effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG; 5, 50 and 500 $IU/m{\ell}$), $17{\alpha},20{\beta}$-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one ($17{\alpha}20{\beta}P$) and $17{\alpha},20{\beta}$-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one ($17{\alpha}20{\beta}21P$; 5, 50 and 500 $ng/m{\ell}$, respectively) on oocyte maturation. In the oocytes of 0.41 mm, treatment with 50 IU HCG stimulated GVBD ($55.30{\pm}1.20%$) compared with controls ($32.41{\pm}3.13%$, $p$<0.05). In the oocytes of 0.50 mm, treatment of $17{\alpha}20{\beta}P$ (50 and 500 $ng/m{\ell}$) stimulated GVBD ($50.13{\pm}2.52$ and $51.77{\pm}5.91%$, respectively) compared with controls ($36.81{\pm}2.89%$, $p$<0.05). Treatment with 500 IU HCG also stimulated GVBD ($49.59{\pm}5.15%$) compared with controls ($p$<0.05). Taken together, these results suggested that both HCG and $17{\alpha}20{\beta}P$ were effective on in vitro oocyte maturation and $17{\alpha}20{\beta}P$ may act as a maturation inducing hormone in blacktip grouper.

Interferon-induced protein 56 (<i>IFI56</i>) is induced by VHSV infection but not by bacterial infection in olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>)

Hwang, Jee Youn,Ahn, Sang Jung,Kwon, Mun-Gyeong,Seo, Jung Soo,Hwang, Seong Don,Son, Maeng-Hyun Elsevier 2017 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Interferon-inducible protein 56 (<I>IFI56,</I> also known as ISG56/<I>IFIT1</I>, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1) is strongly induced in response to interferon and a potent inhibitor of viral replication and translational initiation. Here, we describe the identification of <I>IFI56</I> (<I>OfIFI56</I>) in olive flounder, its characteristic features, and expression levels in various tissues before and after viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection. The full-length <I>OfIFI56</I> sequence was identified from rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR. The complete coding sequence of <I>OfIFI56</I> is 1971 bp in length and encodes 431 amino acids. The putative <I>OfIFI56</I> protein has multiple tetratricopeptide (TPR) motifs, which regulate diverse biological processes, such as organelle targeting, protein import, and vesicle fusion. Based on sequence analysis, the <I>Larimichthys crocea</I> IFI56 protein (61%) had the highest sequence homology to <I>OfIFI56.</I> In healthy olive flounder, <I>OfIFI56</I> mRNA expression was detected in many tissues such as intestine, gill, head kidney, heart, spleen, and trunk kidney tissues. After VHSV challenge, <I>OfIFI56</I> mRNA was significantly up-regulated in these tissues. Additionally, <I>OfIFI56</I> expression was induced by poly I:C but not by <I>Streptococcus parauberis</I> and <I>S. iniae</I> infection or lipopolysaccharide injection in kidney and spleen tissues of olive flounder. These results demonstrate that piscine <I>OfIFI56</I> expression is not induced by bacterial infection but is selectively induced by viral infection, especially VHSV, and that <I>OfIFI56</I> may play an important role in the host response against VHSV infection.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The fish IFI56/IFIT1 family including OfIFI56 grouped with IFI56 and not fish IFI58. </LI> <LI> OfIFI56 mRNA was up-regulated in all tissues except muscle after VHS virus challenge. </LI> <LI> OfIFI56 expression was not induced by <I>Streptococcus parauberis</I> and <I>S. iniae</I> infection and LPS injection in olive flounder. </LI> <LI> OfIFI56 mRNA expression markedly increased in all tissues after poly I: C infection. </LI> </UL> </P>

Enzyme-processed Korean Red Ginseng extracts protects against skin damage induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice

Hwang, Eunson,Sun, Zheng-Wang,Lee, Taek Hwan,Shin, Heon-Sub,Park, Sang-Yong,Lee, Don-Gil,Cho, Byung-Goo,Sohn, Hyunjoo,Kwon, Oh Wook,Kim, Sun Yeou,Yi, Tae Hoo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.4

UV irradiation is the main factor contributing to skin damages that are associated with an excessive production of matrix-degrading metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and a deficient expression of collagens. To date, red ginseng has been revealed to possess many biomedical effects, such as anti-aging, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory. In this study, we prepared the Korean Red Ginseng extracts treated with enzyme (KRGE) and investigated the effects of dietary KRGE on the formation of wrinkles generated by UVB irradiation in hairless mice. It was found that KRGE inhibited the UVB-induced formation of wrinkles, epidermal thickness, and skin dryness in hairless mice. Further results also showed that KRGE attenuated UVB-induced MMP-${\beta}$1 level, while accelerated procollagen type I, transforming growth factor-${\beta}$1 secretion. Interestingly, the expression of profilaggrin and filaggrin in both the epidermis and dermis were decreased due to UVB exposure and reversed by KRGE. The KRGE 0.06% was prior to KRGE 0.24%. In view of these results, which indicated that KRGE protected skin from UVB-induced photodamages, which may not only mediated by regulating of MMP-1 and procollagen type I, but also by increasing the production of profilaggrin and filaggrin. In conclusion, our results suggest that KRGE may be a promising agent for the treatment of skin photodamages. The challenge of KRGE will be expected as cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals in order to intervene in aging-related degenerative skin changes.

A Highly Sensitive Determination of Bulk Cu and Ni in Heavily Boron-doped Silicon Wafers

Sung-wook Lee,Sang-hak Lee,Young-hoon Kim,Ja-young Kim,Don-ha Hwang,Bo-young Lee 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

The new metrology, Advanced Poly-silicon Ultra-Trace Profiling (APUTP), was developed for measuring bulk Cu and Ni in heavily boron-doped silicon wafers. A Ni recovery yield of 98.8% and a Cu recovery yield of 96.0% were achieved by optimizing the vapor phase etching and the wafer surface scanning conditions,following capture of Cu and Ni by the poly-silicon layer. A lower limit of detection (LOD) than previous techniques could be achieved using the mixture vapor etching method. This method can be used to indicate the amount of Cu and Ni resulting from bulk contamination in heavily boron-doped silicon wafers during wafer manufacturing. It was found that a higher degree of bulk Ni contamination arose during alkaline etching of heavily boron-doped silicon wafers compared with lightly boron-doped silicon wafers. In addition, it was proven that bulk Cu contamination was easily introduced in the heavily boron-doped silicon wafer by polishing the wafer with a slurry containing Cu in the presence of amine additives.

Visible light photocatalytic activity of N-ion implanted TiO2 thin films prepared by oblique incident electron-beam evaporation method.

Hwang, Sung Don,Kim, Soon Wook,Lee, Woo Kyung,Kim, Eui Jung,Hahn, Sung Hong American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.10

<P>TiO2 thin films were prepared using electron-beam evaporation method with various oblique angles of 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees. All samples were annealed at 600 degrees C for 1 hour in air and their visible light photocatalytic properties were characterized after nitrogen implantation. The photocatalytic activity of the thin films was evaluated by the photodecomposition of methylene blue. The photocatalytic activity of N-ion implanted TiO2 film deposited with the oblique angle of 60 degrees was considerably enhanced due to high visible light absorption and low charge carrier recombination by sufficient N-ion implantation.</P>

The Protective Effects of Fucosterol Against Skin Damage in UVB-Irradiated Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Hwang, Eunson,Park, Sang-Yong,Sun, Zheng-wang,Shin, Heon-Sub,Lee, Don-Gil,Yi, Tae Hoo Springer-Verlag 2014 Marine biotechnology Vol.16 No.3

Effects of Steroid Hormones on GVBD and Oocyte Steroidogenesis in Blacktip Grouper

Hwang In-Joon,Kim Seol-Ki,Choi Sang-Jun,Lee Chi-Hoon,Lee Young-Don,Kim Hyung-Bae,Baek Hea-Ja 한국발생생물학회 2012 발생과 생식 Vol.16 No.1

To verify the sex steroids which are involved in oocyte maturation of the blacktip grouper, , we incubated vitellogenic oocytes (0.41 and 0.50 mm in average diameter) in the presence of exogenous steroid precursor (-hydroxyprogesterone). Steroids were extracted, separated and identified by thin layer chromatography. The major metabolites produced were androstenedione, estradiol-, estrone and progestogens. Progestogen metabolites in the oocytes of 0.50 mm were more abundant than those of 0.41 mm. Also, we investigated the effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG; 5, 50 and 500 ), -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one () and -trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (; 5, 50 and 500 , respectively) on oocyte maturation. In the oocytes of 0.41 mm, treatment with 50 IU HCG stimulated GVBD () compared with controls (, <0.05). In the oocytes of 0.50 mm, treatment of (50 and 500 ) stimulated GVBD ( and , respectively) compared with controls (, <0.05). Treatment with 500 IU HCG also stimulated GVBD () compared with controls (<0.05). Taken together, these results suggested that both HCG and were effective on in vitro oocyte maturation and may act as a maturation inducing hormone in blacktip grouper.

The rice RING E3 ligase OsHIR1 participates in positive regulation of arsenic and cadmium uptake

Sung Don Lim,Jin Gyu Hwang,Cheol Seong Jang 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

The metalloid arsenic (As) and the hevy metal cadmium (Cd) are ubiquitously found at low concentrations in the earth, while high concentrations of the both elements in soil and crop are severe dangerous to human health. We have tried to retrieve RING E3 ligase gene, which is believed to regulate substrate proteins in As or Cd uptake via ubiquitin 26S proteasome pathway, related to inhibit metal ion transport system. A total of 48 rice RING E3 ligases were randomly selected and then conducted semi-quantitative RT-PCR for their expression patterns as exposed to As and Cd treatments. We discovered one gene, Oryza sativa heavy metal induced RING E3 ligase 1 (OsHIR1) that was significantly up-regulated against both treatments. A total of 31 positive interaction clones with OsHIR1 were screened depending on their strong α-galactosidase activity via yeast-two hybrid screen. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis evidenced that the OsHIR1 protein was clearly interacted with each of six partner protein including aquaporin tonoplast intrinsic protein 4;1 (OsTIP4;1) in the plasma membrane. Protein degradation assay showed that OsHIR1 strongly degraded the protein level of OsTIP4;1 via ubiquitin 26S proteasome system. Heterogeneous overexpression of OsHIR1 in Arabidopsis showed As- and Cd-insensitive phenotype. In addition, the transgenic plant showed low levels of As and Cd accumulation than the control plant in leaf and root. Here, we report the novel finding that OsHIR1 E3 ligase positively regulates OsTIP4;1 related to As and Cd uptake.

小麥品種育成 方法에 關한 硏究 第1報 實驗誤差, 品種, 環境 및 品種×環境의 分散 成分 比較와 地域 및 反復數 推定

Don Jae Maeng(孟敦在),Kyu Yong Chung(鄭奎鎔),Jong Jin Hwang(黃鍾珍),Byung Ryul Sung(成炳列) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Eleven wheat lines were grown at 6 locations for 2 years to analyze the variance components of error, genotype, genotype-location, genotype-year and genotype-location-year, and to estimate their implication for the optimum number of replications and locations, explaining the interpretation of appropriate parameters related to biometrics. In analyses of variance for grain yield and its components, there were non-significant in location and year, but highly singificant in genotypes. As far as G-E interactions are concerned, there showed significant variations, especially indicating the higher significance for 2nd order interaction rather than 1st order. Mean square expectations such as σ²gsy, σ²gy, σ²gs and σ² were computed by subtraction of pooled mean squares, and variance of mean for a genotype(σ²/p) and environmental variance(σ²/g) were obtained from these mean square expectations. Among the variance components for G E interaction, there appeared highest variation in σ²gsy, which would be desirable for plant improvement. Thus, σ²e and σ²gsy, were more important than that of σ²gs and σ²gy because of their implication for estimation of optimum number of replications and locations. It was more suitable to be grown at 6 locations with 2 replications for this experiment, thus indicating that increase of locations would be much more important than that of replications. However, estimate of number of years should be conducted upon basis of gain from selection(Gs) relating to selection intensty and heritability as well as long and short term selections.