중국 일 종합병원에서 적적 간호인력 추정을 위한 환자분류체계의 타당성 검증

이동매,송영선 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2005 간호행정학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was to setup the basis on hospital and national nursing manpower estimation accurately according to apply patient classification system of Song's study to China hospital system. Method: This study was surveyed to 964 patients at surgical and medical ward on Yanbian University Hospital in China from 17th to 31th January, 2005. Results: There was study results to test hypotheses for estimating optimal nursing manpower as follows. First, a trimodel classification scheme was developed which suggested three categories of patients as minimal care(category 1), moderate care(category 2), intensive care(category 3). Second, there was not significant difference with nursing time by sex. Third, there was not significant difference with nursing time by medical wards. Fourth, there was not significant difference with average nursing care time for each category of patients. Category 1 was estimated to spend average 19.59minutes for patients, Category 2 was about 35.68 minutes, Category 3 was 72.07minutes respectively. Total nursing hours was 62,610 minutes. Conclusion: Patient classification system of Song's study is validity for optimal nursing manpower of hospital in China.

중국 일 종합병원에서 적정 간호인력 추정을 위한 환자분류체계의 타당성 검증

이동매(Dong Mei Lee),송영선(Sun Song Young) 한국간호행정학회 2005 간호행정학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was to setup the basis on hospital and national nursing manpower estimation accurately according to apply patient classification system of Song`s study to China hospital system. Method: This study was surveyed to 964 patients at surgical and medical ward on Yanbian University Hospital in China from 17th to 31th January, 2005, Results: There was study results to test hypotheses for estimating optimal nursing manpower as follows, First, a trimodel classification scheme was developed which suggested three categories of patients as minimal care (category 1), moderate care (category 2), intensive care (category 3), Second, there was not significant difference with nursing time by sex, Third, there was not significant difference with nursing time by medical wards. Fourth, there was not significant difference with average nursing care time for each category of patients. Category 1 was estimated to spend average 19.59minutes for patients, Category 2 was about 35.68 minutes, Category 3 was 72.07minutes respectively, Total nursing hours was 62,610minutes, Conclusion: Patient classification system of Song`s study is validity for nursing manpower of hospital in China.

A Novel EYA1 Mutation Causing Alternative RNA Splicing in a Chinese Family With Branchio-Oto Syndrome: Implications for Molecular Diagnosis and Clinical Application

Anhai Chen,Chufeng He,Yong Feng,Jie Ling,Xin Peng,Xianlin Liu,Shuang Mao,Yongjia Chen,Mengyao Qin,Shuai Zhang,Yijiang Bai,Jian Song,Zhili Feng,Lu Ma,Dinghua He,Lingyun Mei1 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.4

Objectives. Branchio-oto syndrome (BOS) primarily manifests as hearing loss, preauricular pits, and branchial defects. EYA1is the most common pathogenic gene, and splicing mutations account for a substantial proportion of cases. However,few studies have addressed the structural changes in the protein caused by splicing mutations and potential pathogenicfactors, and several studies have shown that middle-ear surgery has limited effectiveness in improving hearing in thesepatients. BOS has also been relatively infrequently reported in the Chinese population. This study explored the ge-netic etiology in the family of a proband with BOS and provided clinical treatment to improve the patient’s hearing. Methods. We collected detailed clinical features and peripheral blood samples from the patients and unaffected individualswithin the family. Pathogenic mutations were identified by whole-exome sequencing and cosegregation analysis andclassified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Alternative splicing wasverified through a minigene assay. The predicted three-dimensional protein structure and biochemical experimentswere used to investigate the pathogenicity of the mutation. The proband underwent middle-ear surgery and was fol-lowed up at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively to monitor auditory improvement. Results. A novel heterozygous EYA1 splicing variant (c.1050+4 A >C) was identified and classified as pathogenic (PVS1(RNA),PM2, PP1). Skipping of exon 11 of the EYA1 pre-mRNA was confirmed using a minigene assay. This mutation mayimpair EYA1-SIX1 interactions, as shown by an immunoprecipitation assay. The EYA1-Mut protein exhibited cellularmislocalization and decreased protein expression in cytological experiments. Middle-ear surgery significantly improvedhearing loss caused by bone-conduction abnormalities in the proband. Conclusion. We reported a novel splicing variant of EYA1 in a Chinese family with BOS and revealed the potential molec-ular pathogenic mechanism. The significant hearing improvement observed in the proband after middle-ear surgeryprovides a reference for auditory rehabilitation in similar patients.

Magnolol Inhibits LPS-induced NF-ՊB/Rel Activation by Blocking p38 Kinase in Murine Macrophages

Mei Hong Li,Gugan Kothandan,Seung Joo Cho,Pham Thi Thu Huong,Yong Hai Nan,Kun Yeong Lee,Song Yub Shin,Sung Su Yea,Young Jin Jeon 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.6

This study demonstrates the ability of magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl compound isolated from Magnolia officinalis, to inhibit LPS-induced expression of iNOS gene and activation of NF-ՊB/Rel in RAW 264.7 cells. Immunohisto-chemical staining of iNOS and Western blot analysis showed magnolol to inhibit iNOS gene expression. Reporter gene assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that magnolol inhibited NF-ՊB/Rel transcriptional activation and DNA binding, respectively. Since p38 is important in the regulation of iNOS gene expression, we investigated the possibility that magnolol to target p38 for its anti-inflammatory effects. A molecular modeling study proposed a binding position for magnolol that targets the ATP binding site of p38 kinase (3GC7). Direct interaction of magnolol and p38 was further confirmed by pull down assay using magnolol conjugated to Sepharose 4B beads. The specific p38 inhibitor SB203580 abrogated the LPS-induced NF-ՊB/Rel activation, whereas the selective MEK-1 inhibitor PD98059 did not affect the NF-ՊB/Rel. Collectively, the results of the series of experiments indicate that magnolol inhibits iNOS gene expression by blocking NF-ՊB/Rel and p38 kinase signaling.

Ultrathin Trilayer Assemblies as Long-Lived Barriers against Water and Ion Penetration in Flexible Bioelectronic Systems

Song, Enming,Li, Rui,Jin, Xin,Du, Haina,Huang, Yuming,Zhang, Jize,Xia, Yu,Fang, Hui,Lee, Yoon Kyeung,Yu, Ki Jun,Chang, Jan-Kai,Mei, Yongfeng,Alam, Muhammad A.,Huang, Yonggang,Rogers, John A. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.10

<P>Biomedical implants that incorporate active electronics and offer the ability to operate in a safe, stable fashion for long periods of time must incorporate defect-free layers as barriers to biofluid penetration. This paper reports an engineered material approach to this challenge that combines ultrathin, physically transferred films of silicon dioxide (t-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) thermally grown on silicon wafers, with layers of hafnium oxide (HfO<SUB>2</SUB>) formed by atomic layer deposition and coatings of parylene (Parylene C) created by chemical vapor deposition, as a dual-sided encapsulation structure for flexible bioelectronic systems. Accelerated aging tests on passive/active components in platforms that incorporate active, silicon-based transistors suggest that this trilayer construct can serve as a robust, long-lived, defect-free barrier to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at a physiological pH of 7.4. Reactive diffusion modeling and systematic immersion experiments highlight fundamental aspects of water diffusion and hydrolysis behaviors, with results that suggest lifetimes of many decades at physiological conditions. A combination of ion-diffusion tests under continuous electrical bias, measurements of elemental concentration profiles, and temperature-dependent simulations reveals that this encapsulation strategy can also block transport of ions that would otherwise degrade the performance of the underlying electronics. These findings suggest broad utility of this trilayer assembly as a reliable encapsulation strategy for the most demanding applications in chronic biomedical implants and high-performance flexible bioelectronic systems.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Anti-wrinkle effects of <i>Sargassum muticum</i> ethyl acetate fraction on ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mouse skin and mechanistic evaluation in the human HaCaT keratinocyte cell line

Song, Jae Hyoung,Piao, Mei Jing,Han, Xia,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Kang, Hee Kyoung,Yoon, Weon Jong,Ko, Mi Hee,Lee, Nam Ho,Lee, Mi Young,Chae, Sungwook,Hyun, Jin Won SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2016 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol. No.

<P>The present study investigated the photoprotective properties of the ethyl acetate fraction of <I>Sargassum muticum</I> (SME) against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage and photoaging in a mouse model. HR-1 strain hairless male mice were divided into three groups: An untreated control group, a UVB-irradiated vehicle group and a UVB-irradiated SME group. The UVB-irradiated mice in the SME group were orally administered with SME (100 mg/kg body weight in 0.1 ml water per day) and then exposed to radiation at a dose of 60–120 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. Wrinkle formation and skin damage were evaluated by analysis of skin replicas, epidermal thickness and collagen fiber integrity in the dermal connective tissue. The mechanism underlying the action of SME was also investigated in the human HaCaT keratinocyte cell line following exposure of the cells to UVB at a dose of 30 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. The protein expression levels and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and the binding of activator protein-1 (AP-1) to the MMP-1 promoter were assessed in the HaCaT cells using western blot analysis, an MMP-1 fluorescent assay and a chromatin immune-precipitation assay, respectively. The results showed that the mean length and depth of the wrinkles in the UVB-exposed hairless mice were significantly improved by oral administration of SME, which also prevented the increase in epidermal thickness triggered by UVB irradiation. Furthermore, a marked increase in collagen bundle formation was observed in the UVB-treated mice with SME administration. SME pretreatment also significantly inhibited the UVB-induced upregulation in the expression and activity of MMP-1 in the cultured HaCaT keratinocytes, and the UVB-enhanced association of AP-1 with the MMP-1 promoter. These results suggested that SME may be useful as an anti-photoaging resource for the skin.</P>

Hot slot die coating for additive-free fabrication of high performance roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cells

Song, Seyeong,Lee, Kang Taek,Koh, Chang Woo,Shin, Hyebeom,Gao, Mei,Woo, Han Young,Vak, Doojin,Kim, Jin Young The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.11 No.11

<P>Hot solution deposition has emerged as a promising strategy to achieve high performance polymer solar cells and many state-of-the-art devices have been recently fabricated by this approach in research laboratories. Currently, a major challenge in the photovoltaics community is translating such methodologies into industrially relevant processes so that progress can be made beyond the research community. In this work, hot deposition is developed <I>via</I> a slot die coating process, using a thermally robust and thickness tolerant photovoltaic polymer and a 3D printer-based slot die coater. This method uses not only hot substrates but also hot solutions. We find that controlling solution and substrate temperatures is critical to achieve optimum morphology and high device performance. Analysis of nano-morphology and molecular packing shows a clear influence of both solution and substrate temperatures. At optimal temperature conditions (80 °C head−80 °C substrate), slot die coated devices with an inverted configuration exhibited up to a 7.61% power conversion efficiency without using additives or other processing treatments, which are detrimental to stability and processing efficiency. The optimum temperature combination was readily scaled up using roll-to-roll processing equipment without further optimization, yielding flexible polymer solar cells with a 7.06% power conversion efficiency, demonstrating the potential of the hot slot die coating method from an industrial perspective.</P>

Optical transition dynamics in ZnO/ZnMgO multiple quantum well structures with different well widths grown on ZnO substrates

Song-Mei Li,Bong-Joon Kwon,Ho-Sang Kwack,Li-Hua Jin,Yong-Hoon Cho,Young-Sin Park,Myung-Soo Han,Young-Sik Park 한국진공학회 2010 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.38 No.-

Multi-objective energy-cost design optimization for the variable-speed wind turbine at high-altitude sites

Song, Dongran,Liu, Junbo,Yang, Jian,Su, Mei,Yang, Sheng,Yang, Xuebing,Joo, Young Hoon Elsevier 2019 Energy conversion and management Vol.196 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As the development of wind power utilization, onshore wind turbines have been installed at various sites with different altitudes. Although the site-specific design is an effective way to reduce the levelized energy cost of the wind turbines, the influence of the site altitude on the energy cost is not considered in the existing site-specific designs. To fill the knowledge gap, this study presents the site-specific design optimization of the wind turbines at the high-altitude sites, based on a multi-objective trade-off between maximization of the energy production and minimization of the production cost. For this purpose, two improved estimation models of the annual energy production and the annual production cost are firstly introduced for the high-altitude wind turbines. On this basis, the multi-objective energy-cost optimization problem is formulated as two nonlinear functions relevant to two key designed parameters: the rated power and the rotor radius. After that, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization method is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the Huitengxile and Maanshan wind farms, located in Inner Mongolia and Yunnan-Kweichow plateaus of China, respectively. The results show that the energy cost has been noticeably increased by about 15% and 18% in the two applications comparing with the results ignoring the site altitude. Moreover, a trade-off between various alternative energy-cost solutions has been provided by the generated set of the optimally designed parameters. Thus, a two-step criterion has been proposed to help the turbine designers select the designed parameters according to their preference.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Multi-objective optimization for the site-specific turbine design. </LI> <LI> Improved energy and cost estimations for the high-altitude wind turbine. </LI> <LI> Proposed method applied to two high-altitude wind farms. </LI> <LI> Trade-off results between the energy and the cost in the two applications. </LI> <LI> Novel two-step criterion for selecting the optimally designed parameters. </LI> </UL> </P>

The effects of life and death education on the meaning of life, attitude on terminating life support, and Personality

Mei Ling Song 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Purpose: Life and Death education is an education that helps people to understand life and death correctly, values the present life, and allows them to live more meaningfully. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of life and death education on meaning of life, perception of death, attitude on terminating life support, and personality of nursing school students. Methods: The subjects of this study were college of nursing students, who was taking life and death classes at first year of college. The contents of classes were prepared referenced by the thanatology, and well-dying education. The education was consisted of 13 weeks and the contents were consisted with history of death education, the different definitions of death, the death problems of elderly, hospice care, life-sustaining treatment decision related act, death-related legal issue, the funeral culture, and bereavement management of family, meaning of life, and happiness and so on. For investigating the effect of the education, we investigated the meaning of life, attitude of death, perception of death, perception of hospice, attitude on terminating life support, concept of good death, and personality. The data were collected at two times that were at the beginning of the education, and after the education. For analyzing the results, we did pared-test analysis, using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Total 142 students answered the questionnaires. After taking the life and death education, the meaning of life, perception of death, perception of hospice, attitude on terminating life support, concept of good death, and personality have been significantly changed. Conclusion: According to the results, life and death education can help the nursing students to build positive perception of death, meaning of life, and personality, thus life and death class is a necessary and important class for nursing school students.