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안석균,손석한,이만홍,이희상,안혜리 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2
연구목적 : 저자들은 정신분열증 환자군 및 정상인을 대상으로 하여 Brenner등의 인지재활전략에 합당하며. 시각지각과 분위기지각으로 세분화하여 사회지각 결핍을 발견할 수 있고, 바람직한 신뢰도 및 변별력을 갖춘 사회지각척도를 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다 방법 : 저자들은 다양한 사회적 상황을 나타내는 사진 30장 중에서 통합심리치료연구팀의 구성원들의 의견일치에 따라서 10장의 사진을 선정하였다. 그런 다음에 저자들은 시각지각 소척도와 분위기지각 소척도로 이루어진 문항을 개발하였고 이를 사회지각척도 예 비판으로 삼았다. 이를 만성정신병원의 정신분열증 환자 20명에게 실시하였고. 다음으로는 DSM-IV 정신분열증 기준에 부합되는 대학정신병원 폐쇄 병동의 환자 20명과 정상인 20명에게 실시하였다. 저자들은 신뢰도가 낮은 항목을 제외하여 최종 사회 지각척도를 구성하였다. 저자들은 사회지각척도의 항목 난이도를 만성정신병원 환자들과 대학병원 환자들 간에서 비교하였다. 마지막으로 저자들은 정신분열증 환자군과 정상인 대조군 사이의 사회지각척도의 점수를 비교하였다. 결 과: 최종 사회지각척도는 내적 일치도. 검사-재검사 신뢰도. 평점자간 신뢰도의 값에 따라서 6개의 항목으로 구성되었다. 최종 사회지각척도는 정신분열증의 두 집단 간에서 유사한 항목 난이도 순위를 보여 주었다. 정신분열증 환자군은 분위기지각 소척도의 점수(t= -3.09. p<.01) 및 사회지각척도의 전채 점수에서(t= -3.33, p<.01) 정상인 대조군과 유의한 차이가 있었다 결 론: 본 연구에서 개발된 사회지각척도는 내적 일치도. 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 평점자간 신뢰도 및 변별력이 우수하며. 정신분열증의 인지재활전략에 직접적인 응용 및 인지재활의 효과를 평가하는데 이용될 수 있는 것으로 여겨진다. Objective: This research was performed order to develop the social perception scale which could detect the deficits of the social perception, composed of visual perception and contextual perception, in the patients with schizophrenia and might have the desirable reliability and discriminating power between the patients with schizophrenia and the normal controls, and so as to be appropriate to the schizophrenics cognitive rehabilitation strategy of Brenner, et al. Methods : We selected 10 photographs among 30 photographs which could show the variable social situations according to the consensus of the staff members of the Integrated Psychologcal Therapy. Then we developed the questions, composed of visual perception subscale and contextual perception subscale, which we called preliminary social perception scale. We tested the above scale to the 20 patients with schizophrenia in the chronic mental hospital. Then we tested the above scale to both the 20 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia in the closed ward of the university psychiatric hospital and the 20 normal controls. We developed the final social perception scale to exclude the items of inadequate reliability. We compared the item difficulties of social perception sue between the patients in the chronic mental hospital and those in the university psychiatric hospital. Finally, we compared the scores of social perception scale between the patients with schizophrenia and the normal controls. Results : The final 6 items were selected to become the social perception scale according to the values of the item-total correlation, test-retest reliability, and interrater reliability. The final social perception scale showed similar rank of item difficulties between two groups with schizophrenia. The patient group differed significantly from the normal control group on the scores of contextual perception subscale(t= -3.09, p<.01) and the total scores of social perception scale(t= -3.33, p<.01). Conclusion : This study suggests that the above social perception scale which has excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability and the discriminating power. This scale can be applied to both the cognitive rehabilitation strategy in the patients with schizophrenia and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the cognitive rehabilitation.
발전소내 긴 밸브 stem을 갖는 옥외 소화전의 파손 현상 규명
손석만(Sohn Seok-Man),이상국(Lee Sang-Guk),이욱륜(Lee Wook-Ryun),이준신(Lee Jun-Shin),김기태(Kim Ki-Tae) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5
Nuclear power plant has many external fire hydrants that have to operate in the state of emergency such as facility fire, forest fire. The valve stem of one among them was broken 3 times for 4 years. It had long valve stem and operated under high water pressure. The elongation and the tensile strength for the broken valve stem was measured to examine the defect of material property. And the vibration level and the natural frequencies was detected to check the resonance. As the result of a diagnosis, the cause of this fault is proven buckling of long valve stem.
( Min Seok Woo ),( Jiyoung Park ),( Seong-ho Ok ),( Miyeong Park ),( Ju-tae Sohn ),( Man Seok Cho ),( Il-woo Shin ),( Yeon A Kim ) 대한통증학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.34 No.1
Background: Prolotherapy is a proliferation therapy as an alternative medicine. A combination of dextrose solution and lidocaine is usually used in prolotherapy. The concentrations of dextrose and lidocaine used in the clinical field are very high (dextrose 10%-25%, lidocaine 0.075%-1%). Several studies show about 1% dextrose and more than 0.2% lidocaine induced cell death in various cell types. We investigated the effects of low concentrations of dextrose and lidocaine in fibroblasts and suggest the optimal range of concentrations of dextrose and lidocaine in prolotherapy. Methods: Various concentrations of dextrose and lidocaine were treated in NIH- 3T3. Viability was examined with trypan blue exclusion assay and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Migration assay was performed for measuring the motile activity. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) activation and protein expression of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were determined with western blot analysis. Results: The cell viability was decreased in concentrations of more than 5% dextrose and 0.1% lidocaine. However, in the concentrations 1% dextrose (D1) and 0.01% lidocaine (L0.01), fibroblasts proliferated mildly. The ability of migration in fibroblast was increased in the D1, L0.01, and D1 + L0.01 groups sequentially. D1 and L0.01 increased Erk activation and the expression of collagen I and α-SMA and D1 + L0.01 further increased. The inhibition of Erk activation suppressed fibroblast proliferation and the synthesis of collagen I. Conclusions: D1, L0.01, and the combination of D1 and L0.01 induced fibroblast proliferation and increased collagen I synthesis via Erk activation.
이만홍,이희상,조현상,현명호,안석균,유상우,박지환,한승진,현용호,구민성,손석한,김세주,이현주,박소라,송선미,안혜리,최정아,남궁기,유계준 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.6
목 적: 본 연구는 인지재활이 강화된 통합심리치료를 정 신분열병 환자에게 시행하여 그 결과를 평가하고 행상의 문제점을 분석하여 정신분열병 환자의 재활을 위한 한국형 통합심치료를 개발하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다 . 방 법. 정신분열병으로 입원한 환자에게 인지분화,사회지각, 언어소통,사회기술, 문제해결기술의 5단계 구성된 통합심리치료를 12주간 주3회 실시하였고 치료 전후에 저자들이 개발한 인지분화평가척도, 사회기술평가척로,문제해결기술척도와Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale로 치료효과를 평가하였다. 집단내의 상호작용과 사회적 관심과 같은 비특이적인 간섭변인을 배제하기 위하여 정신건강교육에 의한 관심 -위약 대조군을 설정하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 통합심리치료를 시행한 군은 대조군에 비해 일반정신병리점수와 임상중상 총점수의 유의미한 호전이 있었고 인지기능의 호전은 인지분화 소프로그램후에서만 관찰되었으며 사회기술 소프로그램후의 사회기술기능은 제한적 효과만 있었다. 그러나 통합심리치료 시행군내에서는 12주후 양성증상. 음성증상. 일반 정신병리 모두에서 호전되었다. 결 론: 본 결과는 통할심리치료가 정신분열병 환자에게 임상 중상 영역의 치료효과가 있음을 지지하지만 인지 영역 훈련이 갖는 특정 효과는 보여주지 않았다 한편으로는 치료 프로그램의 사회문화적이고도 언어적인 배경의 차이. 치료기간, 집단구성원의 기능 동질화, 정서 처리, 인지영역 훈련에 대한 치료자의 숙련도 등의 시행상의 문제가 있어 우리나라 환자에의 적용을 위해서는 통합심리치료 원저의 수정이 요구된다. 0bjectives : This study, as a preliminary one attempting to develop the Korean version of Integrated Therapy for the rehabilitation of schizophrenic patients, was designed to investigate the results of Integrated Psychological Therapy(IPT) and review the problems during the program application. Methods : Cognitive Differentiation Scale, problem-Solving Scale, and PANSS(Positive And Negative Syndrome ScalE) were administered to schizophrenic inpatients before and after IPT incorporating cognitive diffirentiation, social perception, verbal communication, social skill and interpersonal Problem-solving skill subprograms. The therapy groups were offered activities three times per week during the 12-week program. The control groups were attention-placebo groups for control ling factors such as group interaction and social attention, and were offered psychoeducation. Results : The 12-week IPT groups, compared with the control groups, demonstrated sign-nificant improvements in the general psychopathology and the total symptoms of PANSS, but did not in cognitive functions and problem-solving skill. Significant improvements in cognitive functions were found only artier cognitive differentiation subprogram and social skill subprogram had limited effects on social skills. But within 12-week IPT groups significant improvements in the positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general psychopathology werc found. Conclusion : These findings support some effectiveness of IPT, but do not address the unique contribution by cognitive components. Applied to schizophrenic patients in this country, this modality had the problems such as differences in sociocultural and lingual background, duration of treatment, homogeneity in the level of the functioning among group members, management of emotions in activities, and the therapists'skill in the training of cognitive components. So the modification of this modality will be required.