Grey fuzzy PI control for packing pressure during injection molding process

Shuo Wang,Ji Ying,Zichen Chen,Kan Cai 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.4

This study presents a grey fuzzy PI (GFPI) controller for packing pressure control during the injection process. The novel controller was designed for solving the problems of large overshoot, static error, and long delay time on servo motor-driven injection molding machines. Based on reasonable assumptions, a mathematical model of injection system was established. According to the nonlinear, severe interferences, and long delay time characteristics in injection process, this paper integrates predictive grey system, robust fuzzy ratiocination,and PI control. Using these mathematical model and control algorithms, a GFPI controller is implemented into an MCU using C programming techniques. The integral discrete PID controller and solid fuzzy controller were realized for contrast experiments. The experimental results show that GFPI controller had better performance on reducing overshoot and static error, increasing both response rate and repeatable accuracy. Such a developed technology would provide helpful references for designing the controller of energy-saving servo motor-driven injection molding equipment.

Soft Error Susceptibility Analysis for Sequential Circuit Elements Based on EPPM

CAI Shuo,KUANG Ji-shun,LIU Tie-qiao,WANG Wei-zheng 대한전자공학회 2015 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.15 No.2

Due to the reduction in device feature size, transient faults (soft errors) in logic circuits induced by radiations increase dramatically. Many researches have been done in modeling and analyzing the susceptibility of sequential circuit elements caused by soft errors. However, to the best knowledge of the authors, there is no work which has well considerated the feedback characteristics and the multiple clock cycles of sequential circuits. In this paper, we present a new method for evaluating the susceptibility of sequential circuit elements to soft errors. The proposed method uses four Error Propagation Probability Matrixs (EPPMs) to represent the error propagation probability of logic gates and flip-flops in current clock cycle. Based on the predefined matrix union operations, the susceptibility of circuit elements in multiple clock cycles can be evaluated. Experimental results on ISCAS’89 benchmark circuits show that our method is more accurate and efficient than previous methods.

중국 문화대혁명 시기(1966-1976)의 공예 정책에 대한 연구

맹지윤 ( Maeng Ji Yun ),유이소 ( Liu Yi Shuo ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.6

오늘날 중국은 국제 사회에서 경제적 위상이 높아짐에 따라 다양한 사회영역에서의 발전이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 중국 사회에서 가장 빠른 발전 양상을 보이고 있는 디자인 분야에 있어 중국 전통 공예부터 중국 공예의 정체성 발달에 대하여 문화대혁명 시기의 문예 정책 속 공예 정책을 중심으로 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 중국의 사회주의 노선의 확장과 함께 추진되었던 다양한 공예 정책들이 중국 공예 발전에 끼친 영향을 알아보기 위해 연구 방법으로 역사적 문헌과 기록에 남아있는 실증적인 자료를 바탕으로 분석하였다. 문화대혁명기의 공예에 관해 서술된 정책 중 가장 영향력있는 정책을 선정하여 그 특성을 탐구했다. 연구를 통해 중국의 공예 정책의 핵심은 ‘문예는 사회주의 혁명을 위해 봉사하고 그 혁명의 주체가 되는 노동자, 농민, 군인을 위해 봉사한다.’로 규정된다. 문화대혁명의 시기를 거친 중국은 자체적으로 자본주의 요소를 받아들면서 사회 전반에서 변화를 보이고 있지만 기본적으로 사회주의 체제를 유지하고 있기 때문에 공예에서 이어지는 오늘날의 디자인 분야까지 문화혁명기의 공예 정책을 바탕으로 삼고 있다. 중국의 전통 공예에서 현대 디자인으로 이어지는 중국 공예의 정체성은 문화대혁명기를 통해 중국만의 고유한 공예 발달의 방향성이 정해지게 되고, 이는 오늘날 국가 주도적으로 발전하고 있는 중국 디자인의 배경을 알 수 있다. 중국 사회가 복합적으로 성장하는 과정 속에서 발전과 퇴보를 거듭하며 중국만의 정체성을 가진 공예 디자인으로 발전하고 있음을 이해하기 위한 기초 틀을 제공하고자 한다. Today's China has carried out developments in different social areas as the country improves its economic status in the global society. Design in China is the country's fastest-growing industry and it is significant to acknowledge traditional Chinese crafts and how their identity changed over the centuries. The purpose of this study is to examine crafts policies inside the Chinese literature and the arts policies in the midst of the Cultural Revolution. The research method is chosen to examine how various crafts policies appeared along with the expansion of Chinese socialism that influenced the development of the Chinese crafts was an analysis of the actual data recorded in historical documents. The policy with the highest influential power out of all the crafts policies originated from the Cultural Revolution was selected to further analyze its property. The core of the crafts policy discovered through the study was ‘Literature and art are to serve socialist revolution, and laborers, farmers, and soldiers who are the main agents of the revolution.’ The revolution allowed China to independently accept capitalistic factors and create changes in general society but because the socialistic system is deeply rooted, the crafts policies from the Cultural Revolution still have impacts on the current designs. The journey of the Chinese craft’s identity from traditional Chinese crafts to modern designs was driven by the Cultural Revolution. Its own originality shows the background behind the state-led Chinese designs. The study is to provide a cornerstone in understanding the Chinese crafts with a unique identity built upon the repeated progress and regression in the course of integrated social growth of China.

중국 크루즈선 계약에 관한 문제점과 해결방안에 관한 연구

팬쇼우 ( Fan Shuo ),지상규 ( Ji Sang-gyu ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2023 法과 政策 Vol.29 No.3

크루즈 관광은 강력한 산업 통합성과 경제성을 바탕으로 아시아 국가들에게 있어 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 크루즈 관광의 복잡한 법적 성질로 인해 실무적으로 많은 법적 문제를 야기 하고 있다. 중국은 ‘여행사조례’ 제23조 특별규정을 통해 중국의 특색 있는 크루즈 계약 법률 체계를 형성하고 있다. 중국의 크루즈 계약 법률 체계는 크게 크루즈 티켓 판매 계약(the cruise ticket sales contract), 패키지 크루즈 여행 계약(the package cruise tourism contracts), 해상 여객 운송 계약(the contract of carriage of passengers by sea)으로 구성되어 있다. 각각의 크루즈 계약들은 실무적으로 문제를 갖고 있으며, 이에 본 논문은 위 세 가지 계약을 중심으로 크루즈 티켓 판매 계약의 법적 성질, 패키지 크루즈 여행 계약에 따른 여객 책임 부담, 크루즈 회사의 법적 지위, 해상 여객 운송계약에서 누가 진정한 운송인인지 여부, 크루즈 레저 및 엔터테인먼트 서비스 운영자(cruise leisure and entertainment service operator)의 계약 위반 및 권리침해 책임에 관한 사항을 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 제기된 각각의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 관련 법률의 개정안을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통해 향후 중국 크루즈 관광의 건전한 발전에 필요한 현실적 요건이 충족될 것이며, 여러 국가에게 크루즈 입법에 관한 기초를 제공할 것으로 기대한다. Cruise tourism has attracted much attention from Asian countries due toits solid industrial integration and high economic performance. At the same time, it also has complex legal characteristics that have led to high-profile cases in practice. China has formed a legal system of cruise contracts with Chinese characteristics due to the special provisions of Article 23 of the Regulation on Travel Agencies. The legal system of cruise contracts with Chinese characteristics includes three basic contracts: the contract of sale of cruise tickets, the contract of package cruise tourism, and the contract of carriage of passengers by sea. This paper raises the major issues of the three contracts at present, which are the issue of the contractual nature of the cruise ticket sales contract. Division of responsibilities between travel agents and Performance supporters in package cruise contracts and the legal status of cruise lines. Disputes over the identity of the carrier in the contract of carriage of passengers by sea and the manner of assumption of liability for breach of contract and tort by the operator of a leisure and entertainment service on a cruise ship. According to the problems raised, this article puts forward proposals to solve them. The article proposes that under Chinese law, the model of package travel should be recognized as an atypical contract. In the package cruise tourism contract, the travel agency should bear the overall responsibility and part of the performance of the auxiliary person to bear the specific responsibility of the coexistence of a “net” legal relationship. In the contract of carriage of passengers by sea under current legislation, the analysis of the cruise ship leisure and entertainment service operators in breach of contract, tort liability path. Based on the above problems and solution proposals, this paper forms part of the legislative proposals, expecting to reference the cruise legislation of various countries to meet the reality of the future needs of the booming development of cruise tourism.

Biomechanical Evaluation of 2 Endoscopic Spine Surgery Methods for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Finite Element Study

Yang Zou,Shuo Ji,Hui Wen Yang,Tao Ma,Yue Kun Fang,Zhi Cheng Wang,Miao Miao Liu,Ping Hui Zhou,Zheng Qi Bao,Chang Chun Zhang,Yu Chen Ye 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2 endoscopic spine surgeries on the biomechanical properties of normal and osteoporotic spines. Methods: Based on computed tomography images of a healthy adult volunteer, 6 finite element models were created. After validating the normal intact model, a concentrated force of 400 N and a moment of 7.5 Nm were exerted on the upper surface of L3 to simulate 6 physiological activities of the spine. Five types of indices were used to assess the biomechanical properties of the 6 models, range of motion (ROM), maximum displacement value, intervertebral disc stress, maximum stress value, and articular protrusion stress, and by combining them with finite element stress cloud. Results: In normal and osteoporotic spines, there was no meaningful change in ROM or disc stress in the 2 surgical models for the 6 motion states. Model N1 (osteoporotic percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy model) showed a decrease in maximum displacement value of 20.28% in right lateral bending. Model M2 (unilateral biportal endoscopic model) increased maximum displacement values of 16.88% and 17.82% during left and right lateral bending, respectively. The maximum stress value of L4–5 increased by 11.72% for model M2 during left rotation. In addition, using the same surgical approach, ROM, maximum displacement values, disc stress, and maximum stress values were more significant in the osteoporotic model than in the normal model. Conclusion: In both normal and osteoporotic spines, both surgical approaches were less disruptive to the physiologic structure of the spine. Furthermore, using the same endoscopic spine surgery, normal spine biomechanical properties are superior to osteoporotic spines.

미국과 중국 일간지의 ‘천안함 침몰 사건’ 뉴스 보도 비교 분석

유세경(Sae-Kyung Yu),정지인(Ji-in Chung),이석(Shuo Li) 한국여성커뮤니케이션학회 2010 미디어, 젠더 & 문화 Vol.16 No.-

본 연구는 천안함 침몰 사건 뉴스보도를 통해 정치ㆍ외교적 이해관계가 뉴스프레임에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인해 보고자 자유민주주의와 자본주의를 바탕에 두고 있는 미국과 전통적인 사회주의를 신봉하는 중국을 비교대상으로 설정하여 뉴스 프레임을 분석하였다. 그 결과 미국의 『뉴욕타임스』는 중국의 『인민일보』에 비해 약 3배에 달하는 기사를 다루면서 천안함 침몰 사건을 국제적인 중요한 사안으로 틀 지웠다. 뉴스 내용에서도 미국은 천안함 침몰 사건을 대한민국을 피해자로, 북한을 가해자로 사실상 규정지으면서 천안함 침몰 사건은 북한이 의도적으로 저지른 ‘야만적인 행위’이며, ‘악의적 행동’이라 일컬었고, 군사적 보복을 정당화시키는 보도 태도를 보여주었다. 이에 비해 북한과 노선을 함께 하고 있는 중국의 언론은 이번 사건에 대해 최대한 언급을 자제하면서 기본적인 사실 자체만을 보도하거나 북한의 중앙통신사 측의 발언만을 인용하는 등 소극적인 태도를 보여주었다. 자국의 정치ㆍ외교적 이데올로기가 국제분쟁에 대한 뉴스프레임에 영향을 미치고 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 보다 객관적이고 심층적인 보도를 위해서 일화 중심적이기 보다 주제 중심적인 보도가 이루어져야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze influences of political ideology on international news coverage by investigating the news frame of ‘Cheon-an ham attack’ news coverage of New York Times of United States and People’s Daily of China. The results showed that Cheon-an ham news was magnified and made significant by New York Times by reporting 30 times for event period while the news was minimized by People’s Daily by reporting only 14 times. Further more, Cheon-an ham attack was framed differently by demonstrating different headlines, word, and images by two newspapers. New York Times defined Cheon-an ham attack as a terror by North Korea and North Korea should be punished by strong sanction, while People’s Daily defined the Cheon-an ham attack as an accident happened at sea by doubting the North Korea’s attack on Chenon-an ham. Especially People’s Daily represented the North Korea’s argument by quoting the report of North Korea’s central news agency. The findings raise at least same accident can be framed differently by various framing mechanism. Since various framing mechanisms can be used by the political ideology of newspaper, more efforts need to be focused to objective international news reporting.

Effectiveness of Asynchronous Learning Networks in Teaching as a Supplement to Classroom Teaching: A Study from Perspective of Lecturers in National University of Singapore

Bock, Gee-Woo,Kim, Jong-Hyun,Shuo, Hannah Yang,Lee, Ji-Myoun The Korea Society of Management Information System 2012 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.22 No.1

Asynchronous Learning Networks (ALN) has become a kind of prevalent information systems to supplement or even substitute a traditional classroom face-to-face teaching method. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of types of courses, lecturers' instruction models and computer self-efficacy on the ALN effectiveness in teaching from lecturers' perspective. We conducted survey to professors in various faculties such as School of Computing, Faculty of Arts, Science, Business, Law and Engineering in the National University of Singapore. According to the responses from ninety-eight professors, instruction modes positively influence the usage of ALN; types of course and lecturers' computer-efficacy influence lectures' satisfaction of ALN in teaching. Both the usage of ALN and satisfaction of ALN positively influence the effectiveness of ALN. The results of this study fill the gap of ALN researches in education by examining it from lecturers' perspective and enable schools to improve their implementation of ALN systems based on our findings.

Thioredoxin A of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Contributes to Virulence by Inhibiting the Expression of Pentraxin 3 to Promote Survival Within Macrophages

Zhao Chijun,Jia Xinglin,Pan Yanying,Liao Simeng,Zhang Shuo,Ji Chunxiao,Kuang Guangwei,Wu Xin,Liu Quan,Tang Yulong,Fang Lihua 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.4

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that can infect humans in contact with infected pigs or their byproducts. It can employ different types of genes to defend against oxidative stress and ensure its survival. The thioredoxin (Trx) system is a key antioxidant system that contributes adversity adaptation and pathogenicity. SS2 has been shown to encode putative thioredoxin genes, but the biological roles, coding sequence, and underlying mechanisms remains uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrated that SSU05_0237-ORF, from a clinical SS2 strain, ZJ081101, encodes a protein of 104 amino acids with a canonical CGPC active motif and an identity 70–85% similar to the thioredoxin A (TrxA) in other microorganisms. Recombinant TrxA efficiently catalyzed the thiol-disulfide oxidoreduction of insulin. The deletion of TrxA led to a significantly slow growth and markedly compromised tolerance of the pathogen to temperature stress, as well as impaired adhesion ability to pig intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). However, it was not involved in H2O2 and paraquat-induced oxidative stress. Compared with the wild-type strain, the ΔTrxA strain was more susceptible to killing by macrophages through increasing NO production. Treatment with TrxA mutant strain also significantly attenuated cytotoxic effects on RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting inflammatory response and apoptosis. Knockdown of pentraxin 3 in RAW 264.7 cells was more vulnerable to phagocytic activity, and TrxA promoted SS2 survival in phagocytic cells depending on pentraxin 3 activity compared with the wild-type strain. Moreover, a co-inoculation experiment in mice revealed that TrxA mutant strain is far more easily cleared from the body than the wild type strain in the period from 8–24 h, and exhibits significantly attenuated oxidative stress and liver injury. In summary, we reveal the important role of TrxA in the pathogenesis of SS2.

Effectiveness of Asynchronous Learning Networks in Teaching as a Supplement to Classroom Teaching : A Study from Perspective of Lecturers in National University of Singapore

Gee-Woo Bock,Jong-Hyun Kim,Hannah Yang Shuo,Ji-Myoun Lee 한국경영정보학회 2012 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.22 No.1