鹽生植物 나문재의 生育特性과 利用可能性

이봉호,문윤호,정병춘,김관수,류수노 한국국제농업개발학회 2002 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

기능성식품 원료, 채소, 식물성 소금 재료 및 제염식물 등으로 개발이 유망시되는 염생식물인 나문재의 육지부 재배 가능성을 조사하고, 내륙지방에서의 작물화 가능성을 검토코자 전남 서해안의 염전 부근에 자생하는 나문재의 종자와 식물체를 공시하여 내륙지방인 전남 무안군 소재의 『목포시험장』포장에서 시험하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 나문재는 식물체를 이식하여도 생육이 양호할 뿐만 아니라 2년 묵은 종 자에서도 발아가 잘되었으며 발아소요 기간은 9일 정도 였고, 나문재의 생육은 소금기가 부족한 내륙에서도 비교적 양호하였으며, 병충해나 기타 재해도 거의 없어 내륙에서의 재배화 가능성이 높은 것으로 인정되었다. 나. 나문재의 생육에 미치는 소금물의 공급 효과를 검토하기 위해 1주일 간격으로 바닷물 농도의 소금물을 공급한 결과, 초장은 소금물을 공급한 것이 공급하지 않은 것 보다 양호하였으나 줄기의 굵기와 분지발생 수 는 소금물 공급효과가 크지 않았다. 다. 나문재의 생체중과 건물중은 종자파종의 경우 7월 10일 현재 소금물 처리구는 각각 주당 33.75g, 2.62g인데 비해 무처리구는 각각 23.52g, 1.84g으로서 소금물 처리구가 무겁고, 생체중에 대한 건물중의 비율은 대체로 7.14∼11.58% 범위로서 수분함량은 92.86∼88.42%정도 되는 다육식물 이었다. 라. 결론적으로 나문재는 소금기가 많은 곳에서 잘 생육할 뿐만 아니라 소금 기가 적은 곳에서도 생육이 비교적 양호하며, 식물전체에 짠맛을 가지고 있으므로 식물성 소금, 기능성 식품, 채소, 그리고 간척지나 음식물쓰레기의 염분제거 식물로서의 이용 가능성 등에 대한 보다 면밀한 검토가 필요하다고 보여진다. The plant of halophyte, Suaeda asparagoides MIQ, which is mainly inhabit on tidal flat was investigated on their growth characteristics and cultural traits on inland condition, in order to get some informations on it's possible use for functional food, vegetables, medicinal herb, and salt removing plant from tideland, or food-waste. The plant, Suaeda asparagoides M_IQ., is well grown on inland condition. But the salt applicated plants were better than those of the non-treated plants in its vegetable growth. The plant height is about 78.5cm in salt application, compared to the 64.5cm in non-treated plot. But the stem diameter and the number of branches are not better in salt application compared to the non-treated ones. However, the fresh weight and dry weight of the plant in salt-application are better than those of the non-treated ones, which means the total biomass is more productive by the salt application. As a conclusion, the plant Suaeda asparagoides M_IQ, seems to be an available plant and need to more discussion for possible use mentioned in the above sectors, from the results of inland cultivation of which well grown and characteristics.

Antioxidative Activity and Varietal Difference of Cyanidin 3-glucoside and Peonidin 3-glucoside Contents in Pigmented Rice

Ryu, Su-Noh,Han, Sang-Jun,Park, Sun-Zik,Kim, Hong-Yeol The Korean Society of Crop Science 2000 Korean journal of crop science Vol.45 No.4

The content of anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and the peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) from 591 rice cultivars and the antioxidative activities of MeOH extract from 8 rice cultivars were evaluated. Among them, C3G content of pigmented rice were ranged from 0 to 451.9mg in 100 g brown rice, while the P3G contents were in the range from 0 to 42.7mg in 100g brown rice. There was no correlation between C3G and P3G content. Total anthocyanin content ranged from 0 to 475.1mg in 100g brown rice. The antioxidative activity, the scavenging activity on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl) radical of MeOH extracts from rice grain, were different according to cultivars. The activity of blockish purple pericarp rice cultivars was twice stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. Especially, the antioxidative activity of Heugjinjubyeo was four times stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. The scavenging effect on DPPH radical in rice extracts was related to the total anthocyanin contents of the extracts.

Antioxidant Activity in Rice Cultivar, Wild Rice, and Barley

Su-Noh Ryu,Sun-Zik Park,Hong-Yeol Kim 韓國作物學會 2002 Korean journal of crop science Vol.47 No.1

The antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of sixteen samples were tested using 1.1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH) reactivity and TBARS substances assay in vitro. The methanol extracts of the rice brans from three wild rice -O. minuta, O. rufipogon, and O. barthii-were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The next effective ones were the rice brans of Heugjinjubyeo and leaves of Tapgolbori. When tested on lipid peroxidation using a lipid peroxidation generation system mediated by H2O 2 /Fe2+ in rat liver homogenates, the brans and hull of wild rice (O. minuta, O. rufipogon, and O. barthii) and rice bran of Heugjinjubyeo exhibited protective activities against lipid peroxidation in the order of effectiveness.s.

Determination of C3G Content in Blackish Purple Rice using HPLC and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

Su Noh Ryu,Sun Zik Park,Sam Sik Kang,Sang Jun Han 韓國作物學會 2003 Korean journal of crop science Vol.48 No.5

Cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) content contained in the grains of blackish purple rice varieties, Heugjinjubyeo, Kilimheugmi, Heugnambyeo, Sanghaehy-anghyeolla, and the progenies derived from their crosses was evaluated by HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy. C3G content was higher in the range of 10-30% by using UV-Vis method compared to HPLC method. A significant linear relationship was, however, observed between two analytical methods. The correlation coefficient was 0.98. Thus, this results suggested that it would be able to use UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine C3G content which does not demanded precise value like selection.

Antitumor Activity of Crude Sesaminol in Sesame Seed

Ryu, Su-Noh,Lee, Bong-Ho The Korean Society of Crop Science 1998 Korean journal of crop science Vol.43 No.3

Sesaminol in sesame seed was postulated to have antitumor activity. The present study was performed to characterize the role of crude sesaminol extracted from sesame seed (Sesame Crude Sesaminol; SCS) on inhibiting the in vitro growth of human leukemia HL-60 cells. SCS inhibited the growth of human leukemia HL 60 cells in culture and macromolecular synthesis in a dose and time dependent manner. The cytostatic range of SCS concentration was found to be 60 to 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. SCS concentration greater than 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mlwere cytocidal to HL-60 cells. When SCS concentraction was 6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mland 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml the synthesis of HL-60 cells was inhibited by 35% for DNA, 6% for RNA and 5% for protein and 83% for DNA, 76% for RNA and 60% for protein. Of specific interest was the irreversible effect of SCS in inhibiting DNA synthesis of HL-60 cells. This was evidenced from the fact that, even after washed with PBS three times, preincubated HL-60 cells still showed the inhibited DNA synthesis.

Antioxidant Activity of Blackish Purple Rice

Ryu Su-Noh,Han Sang-Jun,Park Sun-Zik,Kim Hong-Reol The Korean Society of Crop Science 2006 Korean journal of crop science Vol.51 No.2

Anthocyanin in blackish purple rice is composed of cyanidin, peonidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin flavylium ion and their glucosides, which shows antioxidant activity similar to a-tocoperol. It has been demonstrated that cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) of anthocyanin has a high-potency antioxidant activity, and is a prominent in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. In analysis of content of anthocyanin from the genetic source of blackish purple rice, the level of C3G was approximately 80% of total contents of anthocyanins, and showed the highest content in Heugjinjubyeo, of which contains an amount of 500 mg by weight of 100g brown rice in comparison that most of varieties has less than 50mg by weight of 100g brown rice. We found that C3G pigment in blackish purple rice was considerably affected by cultural season, cultivation area, ripening temperature, and weather condition, etc. as well as genetic properties. In cross combination between Heugjinjubyeo and Suwon425, intermediate parent $F_9$ generation which was three times higher or more in C3G content than that of Heugjinjubyeo was bred, of which it contained an amount of 1678 mg by weight of 100g brown rice, and we called it 'C3GHi' Rice. And, we found that the C3GHi rice was more excellent than that of the existing Heugjinjubyeo in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. Methanol extract from Heugjinjubyeo was fractionated by organic solvents in order of n-hexane, $CH_{2}Cl_2$ and n-BuOH, and then oryzafuran, quercetin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid and their structures from the n-BuOH fraction were ascertained. Oryzafuran of these compounds was a natural compound found firstly in nature. Quercetin and protocatechuic acid besides new compound oryzafuran showed excellent antioxidant ability to vitamin C. These results suggest that blackish purple rice has very high value as a source of various functional food as well as staple food.

Volatile Oil Composition of Boxthorn (Lycium chinense M.) Leaves

Ryu, Su-Noh,Kim, Seong-Min The Korean Society of Crop Science 1998 Korean journal of crop science Vol.43 No.3

Volatile components were extracted from leaves of two Boxthorn (Lycium chinense M.) cultivars by using simultaneous distillation and extraction, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seventy components were identified : 13 acids, 15 alcohols, 18 hydrocarbons, 13 carbonyls, three esters, three ionones, and five others. The principal volatile components (and their peak area percentage) were n-pentanol (11.2~30.2%), phytol (14.5~28.3%), hexadecanoic acid (13.5~17.1%) 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (1.5~4.2%), benzyl alcohol (1.9-4.8%), phenylacetaldehyde (1.8~3.2%), and octadecadienoic acid (1.7~10.7%). Fresh leaves showed much higher peak area than that of dried leaf in n-pentanol, n-hexanol, cis-2-penten-l-ol, cis-3-hexen-l-ol, benzyl alcohol, and $\beta$-phenylethyl alcohol, while dried leaves showed much higher content than that of fresh leaves in 9-hydroxytheaspran A, octadecanoic acid and octadecadienic acid.

Antioxidant Activity of Blackish Purple Rice

Su-Noh Ryu,Sang-Jun Han,Sun-Zik Park,Hong-Reol Kim 韓國作物學會 2006 Korean journal of crop science Vol.51 No.2

Anthocyanin in blackish purple rice is composed of cyanidin, peonidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin flavylium ion and their glucosides, which shows antioxidant activity similar to a-tocoperol. It has been demonstrated that cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) of anthocyanin has a high-potency antioxidant activity, and is a prominent in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. In analysis of content of anthocyanin from the genetic source of blackish purple rice, the level of C3G was approximately 80% of total contents of anthocyanins, and showed the highest content in Heugjinjubyeo, of which contains an amount of 500 mg by weight of 100g brown rice in comparison that most of varieties has less than 50mg by weight of 100g brown rice. We found that C3G pigment in blackish purple rice was considerably affected by cultural season, cultivation area, ripening temperature, and weather condition, etc. as well as genetic properties. In cross combination between Heugjinjubyeo and Suwon425, intermediate parent F9 generation which was three times higher or more in C3G content than that of Heugjinjubyeo was bred, of which it contained an amount of 1678 mg by weight of 100g brown rice, and we called it 'C3GHi' Rice. And, we found that the C3GHi rice was more excellent than that of the existing Heugjinjubyeo in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. Methanol extract from Heugjinjubyeo was fractionated by organic solvents in order of n-hexane, CH2Cl2 and n-BuOH, and then oryzafuran, quercetin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid and their structures from the n-BuOH fraction were ascertained. Oryzafuran of these compounds was a natural compound found firstly in nature. Quercetin and protocatechuic acid besides new compound oryzafuran showed excellent antioxidant ability to vitamin C. These results suggest that blackish purple rice has very high value as a source of various functional food as well as staple food.

Antioxidant Activity of blackish Purple Rice and Identification of New Substrances

Ryu Su-Noh,Han Sang-Jun,Park Sun-Zik,Yang Jong-Jin,Kim Hong-Reol 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

C3G Content of Rice Bran Obtained from Different Degrees of Polishing in e Black Purple Rice, Heugjinjubyeo

Su Noh Ryu,Sun Zik Park,Hong Yeol Kim,Sang Jun Han,Bon Il Ku 한국육종학회 2002 한국육종학회지 Vol.34 No.4

The natural pigment Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) content of rice bran was analyzed with different polishing degrees in pigment layer of Heugjinjubyeo produced at National Crop Experiment Station in 1999. The general composition of rice bran of Heugjinjubyeo