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Pandey, Rina,Lim, Ju Won,Kim, Jung Hyuk,Angadi, Basavaraj,Choi, Ji Won,Choi, Won Kook Elsevier 2018 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.444 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, Iridium (Ir) metallic layer as an ultra-thin surface modifier (USM) was deposited on ITO coated glass substrate using radio frequency magnetron sputtering for improving the photo-conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells. Ultra-thin Ir acts as a surface modifier replacing the conventional hole transport layer (HTL) PEDOT:PSS in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells with two different active layers P3HT:PC<SUB>60</SUB>BM and PTB7:PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM. The Ir USM (1.0 nm) coated on ITO glass substrate showed transmittance of 84.1% and work function of >5.0 eV, which is higher than that of ITO (4.5–4.7 eV). The OPV cells with Ir USM (1.0 nm) exhibits increased power conversion efficiency of 3.70% (for P3HT:PC<SUB>60</SUB>BM active layer) and 7.28% (for PTB7:PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM active layer) under 100 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> illumination (AM 1.5G) which are higher than those of 3.26% and 6.95% for the same OPV cells but with PEDOT:PSS as HTL instead of Ir USM. The results reveal that the chemically stable Ir USM layer could be used as an alternative material for PEDOT:PSS in organic photovoltaic cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ultra-thin Iridium (Ir) is used as a surface modifier. </LI> <LI> Structural and optical properties of iridium films were investigated. </LI> <LI> Low and high band gap acceptor (PTB7 and P3HT) is used for the fabrication of the OPVs. </LI> <LI> Ir USM exhibits higher PCE compared with PEDOT: PSS as HTL. </LI> <LI> Iridium (Ir) is an efficient surface modifier therefore it is used as an alternative material for PEDOT:PSS. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
( Rina Pandey ),( Ju Won Lim ),( Keun Yong Lim ),( Do Kyung Hwang ),( Won Kook Choi ) 한국센서학회 2015 센서학회지 Vol.24 No.1
Transparent and conductive multilayer thin films consisting of three alternating layers FZTO/Ag/WO3 have been fabricated by radiofrequency (RF) sputtering for the applications as transparent conducting oxides and the structural and optical properties of the resulting films were carefully studied. The single layer fluorine doped zinc tin oxide (FZTO) and tungsten oxide (WO3) films grown at room temperature are found to have an amorphous structure. Multilayer structured electrode with a few nm Ag layer embedded in FZTO/Ag/ WO3 (FAW) was fabricated and showed the optical transmittance of 87.60 % in the visible range (λ = 380~770 nm), quite low electrical resistivity of ~ 10-5 Ω cm and the corresponding figure of merit (T10/Rs) is equivalent to 3.0×10-2Ω-1. The resultant power conversion efficiency of 2.50% of the multilayer based OPV is lower than that of the reference commercial ITO. Asymmetric D/M/D multilayer is a promising transparent conducting electrode material due to its low resistivity, high transmittance, low temperature deposition and low cost components.
( Rina Pandey ),( Jung Hyuk Kim ),( Do Kyung Hwang ),( Won Kook Choi ) 한국센서학회 2015 센서학회지 Vol.24 No.4
Indium free consisting of three alternating layers GTO/Ag/GTO has been fabricated by radio-frequency (RF) sputtering for the applications as transparent conducting electrodes and the structural, electrical and optical properties of the gallium tin oxide (GTO) films were carefully studied. The gallium tin oxide thin films deposited at room temperature are found to have an amorphous structure. Hall Effect measurements show a strong influence on the conductivity type where it changed from n-type to p-type at 700oC. GTO/Ag/GTO multilayer structured electrode with a few nm of Ag layer embedded is fabricated and show the optical transmittance of 86.48% in the visible range (λ = 380~770 nm) and quite low electrical resistivity of ~10-5 Ω cm. The resultant power conversion efficiency of 2.60% of the multilayer based OPV (GAG) is lower than that of the reference commercial ITO. GTO/Ag/GTO multilayer is a promising transparent conducting electrode material due to its low resistivity, high transmittance, low temperature deposition and low cost components.
Site-selective C–H nitration of <i>N</i>-aryl-7-azaindoles under palladium(II) catalysis
Chun, Rina,Kim, Saegun,Han, Sang Hoon,Pandey, Ashok Kumar,Mishra, Neeraj Kumar,Kim, In Su Elsevier 2018 Tetrahedron letters: the international organ for t Vol.59 No.43
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The site-selective C–H nitration reaction of 7-azaindoles with <I>t</I>-butyl nitrite under palladium catalysis is described. This protocol provides an efficient method for the construction of <I>ortho</I>-nitrated <I>N</I>-aryl-7-azaindoles with excellent site-selectivity and functional group compatibility. The formed 7-azaindole derivatives can be readily transformed into 7-azaindoles containing an aniline functional group under palladium-catalyzed hydrogenation conditions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Site-selective nitration of 7-azaindoles. </LI> <LI> Use of inexpensive organic nitrating agent (<I> <SUP>t</SUP> </I>BuNO<SUB>2</SUB>) </LI> <LI> Gram-scale synthesis and reductive transformation of nitro group. </LI> <LI> Mechanistic investigation for catalytic cycle. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Growth of ZnO and ZnMgO Nanorods on Si Substrates by Using Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
Hai Dong Nguyen,Rina Pandey,율다세프,이동진,강태원 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.10
We demonstrate the growth of ZnO and ZnMgO nanorods on Si substrates through a two-step process without a catalyst by using a simple ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. First, a ZnO thin film was deposited on a Si substrate to make a seed layer; then, ZnO and ZnMgO nanorods were deposited on that seed layer. ZnO and ZnMgO nanorods with a p-n junction were obtained by using nitrogen doping for p-type nanorods, and gallium doping for n-type nanorods. A distinct electroluminescence was observed at room temperature from the ZnO and the ZnMgO nanorod structures under forward bias conditions.
Lee, Chung-Hyeon,Pandey, Rina,Wang, Byung-Yong,Choi, Won-Kook,Choi, Duck-Kyun,Oh, Young-Jei Elsevier 2015 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol.132 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As an alternative to indium–tin oxide (ITO), MTO/Ag/MTO (MAM) multilayer transparent electrodes with a nano-sized Ag thin film embedded between Mn-doped tin oxide (MTO) layers were prepared. The MTO/Ag/MTO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by RF sputtering at room temperature to evaluate their characteristics as transparent electrodes for organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Optical and electrical properties of the single layer MTO were investigated at various working pressures and oxygen partial pressures. Based on the optimal condition, the MTO/Ag/MTO multilayer electrode showed a sheet resistance of 10.1–10.6Ω/sq and transmittance of 80.1–85.4% in the visible range (<I>λ</I>=380–780nm). Their values are compatible with commercial indium–tin oxide (ITO). Conventional-type bulk hetero-junction organic photovoltaic cells (BHJ-OPVs) using the MTO/Ag/MTO multilayer electrode show an open circuit voltage (<I>V</I> <SUB>OC</SUB>) of 0.62V, a short circuit current (<I>J</I> <SUB>SC</SUB>) of 7.12mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, a fill factor (FF) of 0.62, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.73%. This PCE is comparable with a commercial ITO electrode (3.17%). This suggests that the MTO/Ag/MTO multilayer electrode is a new promising transparent conducting electrode for BHJ-OPVs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Mn-doped tin oxide (MTO) films were prepared, which is high acid resistant, air-stable, low-cost. </LI> <LI> As an alternative to ITO, MTO/Ag/MTO (MAM) multilayer transparent electrodes were prepared. </LI> <LI> Optical and electrical properties of MAM are comparable with that of commercial ITO. </LI> <LI> The MAM electrode is a new promising transparent conducting electrode for BHJ-OPVs. </LI> <LI> The PCE of the MAM electrode is comparable with the PCE of a commercial ITO electrode. </LI> </UL> </P>
Oh, Hyunjung,Han, Sangil,Pandey, Ashok Kumar,Han, Sang Hoon,Mishra, Neeraj Kumar,Kim, Saegun,Chun, Rina,Kim, Hyung Sik,Park, Jihye,Kim, In Su American Chemical Society 2018 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.83 No.7
<P>The rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H functionalization followed by intramolecular annulation reactions between azobenzenes and sulfoxonium ylides is described. This protocol leads to the efficient formation of 3-acyl (2<I>H</I>)-indazoles with a range of substrate scope. A high level of chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance of this transformation were also observed.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>