친환경농자재 처리가 배과수원 토양 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향

윤성탁,허진우,장경우,김태호,남중창,박상헌,곽노일,문수학,이혁재,최진호,Yoon, Seong-Tak,Xu, Zhen-Yu,Zhang, Qing-Yu,Kim, Tae-Ho,Nam, Jung-Chang,Park, Sang-Hun,Kwak, No-Il,Mun, Su-Hak,Lee, Hyuk-Jae,Choi, Jin-Ho 한국유기농업학회 2010 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.18 No.4

Coming with the well-being era, consumer's demand for safe agricultural products is increasing. It is urgent to develop an environment-friendly pear production system. Accordingly, this study was conducted to develop an environment-friendly pear production system by using several environment-friendly agricultural materials which is known to be effective in agricultural production. In the effects of environment-friendly agricultural materials on the soil chemical characteristics in pear orchard, the content of total carbon, organic matter, Ca and Mg increased a little respectively compared with those of 2008, and 2nd treatment showed the highest EC and Mg content in the soil among treatments. The content of leaf N, P and Ca in 2009 decreased compared with those of 2008, while Mg content showed no difference between 2008 and 2009 years. Average pear weight in 2009 was 31g higher than that of 2008 (682g) and 2nd treatment showed the highest pear weight (738g) among treatments. The average sugar content was higher in 2009 (12.6$^{\circ}Bx$) compared with that of 2008 (12.2$^{\circ}Bx$) and the plot of 2nd treatment highest sugar content (12.6$^{\circ}Bx$) among treatments. There were no difference in hunter value of L among treatments, but hunter value of a showed higher 1.62 in 2009 than that of 2008 (3.73). The highest of gumminess and cohesiveness of fruits were obtained from 1st treatment and adhesiveness and chewiness of fruits were obtained from 3rd and 1st treatment respectively. Firmness of fruit increased a little in 2009 compared with that of 2008, while the highest firmness was obtained from 3rd treatment with 1.63kg/5mm$\oint$ among treatments. Phosphate content in the peel of 'Niitaka' pear of fruit skin in 2009 (0.97g/kg) showed 0.06g/kg more content than that of 2008 (0.91g/kg), while the highest content was obtained from 3rd treatment (1.15g/kg). Potassium content in the peel of 'Niitaka' pear in 2009 was 8.20g/kg, which is 0.06g/kg more content than that of 2008 (7.82g/kg) and the highest content was obtained from 1st treatment (8.34g/kg) among treatments. The highest nitrogen content in the flesh of 'Niitaka' pear was obtained from 3rd treatment (4.32mg/g), while it was the lowest in control plot (3.10mg/g). Phosphate content in the flesh of 'Niitaka' pear in 2009 (8.20g/kg) showed 0.06g/kg more content than that of 2008 (7.82g/kg), while the highest content was obtained from 1st treatment (8.34g/kg). There were no difference of the potassium content in the fruit peel of 'Niitaka' pear between years, but 1st treatment showed the highest content (11.81g/kg) among treatments, while the lowest was obtained from the control plot (10.83g/kg). 웰빙시대의 도래와 함께 안전농산물에 대한 국민요구가 커져가고 있으며, 이에 따라 친환경 배 생산체계 개발이 절실한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 최근 효과가 큰 것으로 알려지고 있는 유효미생물제제인 Amo 등을 비롯한 몇가지 친환경농자재를 조합 처리하여 친환경 배 생산체계를 수립코자 2년간 수행한 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 친환경농자재 처리에 의한 배과수원의 토양양분의 변화는 T-C, 유기물, Ca 및 Mg 함량은 2008년에 비해 2009년 약간 증가하였으며, 처리 간에는 EC, Ca 및 Mg 함량이 2 처리에서 많은 경향이었다. 2. 엽내 질소 및 인산함량은 2008년에 비해 2009년 각 처리구 모두에서 감소하였다. 칼륨 함량은 2008년 1.93%에 비해 2009년은 2.06%로 증가하였으며, 처리간에는 1처리구가 2.17%로 가장 많았다. 칼슘함량도 2008년에 비해 2009년 각 처리구 모두에서 함량이 감소되었으며, 처리간에는 3처리구가 1.52%로 가장 많았다. 3. 연차간 과실특성을 보면 과중은 2008년 평균 682g에 비해 2009년에는 713g으로 31g이 높았으며, 처리간에는 2처리구가 738g으로 가장 높았다. 과실의 당도함량은 12.2~12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 2008년 평균 12.2$^{\circ}Bx$에서 2009년 12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 당도가 증가하였다. 처리간에는 대조구와 2처리구가 12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 가장 높았다. 4. 과피색의 L값은 연차간 처리구간에 큰 차이가 없었으나, a 값의 경우 2008년 3.73에 비해 2009년에는 5.35로 1.62 높은 경향을 보여 성숙진행이 2009년에 다소 빨랐음을 알 수 있었으며, 처리간에는 2처리구가 4.82로 가장 높았다. 5. 과실 조직의 처리간 응집성 및 점착성은 1처리구가 각각 1.97, 0.14로 가장 높았다. 부착성은 2008년과 비교하여 2009년이 -0.86이 적었으며, 유의성이 인정되었다. 처리간 부착성은 3처리가 -2.58로 가장 높았다. 과실의 경도는 1처리구가 14.4로 가장 높았으며, 씹힘성도 1처리가 1.77로 가장 높았다. 6. 과피의 무기성분 함량 중 인산함량은 2008년 0.91g/kg에 비해 2009년 0.97g/kg으로 0.06g 더 많았으며, 처리간에는 3처리가 1.15g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼륨함량은 2008년 7.82g/kg에 비해 2009년 8.20g/kg으로 2009년이 더 많았으며, 처리간에는 1처리가 8.34g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼슘은 처리간에는 3처리에서 166.80ppm을 나타내 가장 함량이 높았다. 7. 과육의 질소함량은 처리간에는 3처리가 4.32mg/g으로 가장 함량이 높았다. 인산함량은 2008년 평균 1.59g/kg에 비해 2009년 1.42mg/g로 함량이 적었으며, 처리간에는 1처리, 3처리가 1.68g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼륨함량은 년차 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 처리간에는 1처리가 11.81g/kg으로 가장 함량이 많았다. 칼슘함량은 2008년 34.13ppm에서 2009년은 35.10g/kg을 나타내 함량이 증가하였다. 마그네슘 함량은 3처리가 0.93g/kg으로 가장 함량이 높았다.

Impact of Maternal and Fetal Factors on the Growth of the Biparietal Diameter(BPD) in Pregnant Korean Women

( Tae Ki Yoon ),( Hyun Mo Kwak ),( Kyung Byung No ),( Young Ho Yang ) 대한산부인과학회 1983 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.51 No.-

[영상 신호처리] 적응형 Pseudomedian 필터에 의한 De-Interlacing Scan Conversion

곽노윤(No-Yoon Kwak),강태하(Tae-Ha Kang),권병헌(Byong-Hwun Kwon),박동영(Dong Young Park),황병원(Byong-Won Hwang) 한국통신학회 1997 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1997 No.11

765㎸ 초기가압 운전계통에서의 안정도 검토 (pp.227-230)

곽노홍(Kwak No Hong),장경철(Jang Kyoung Chel),김용학(Kim Yong Hak),박정호(Park Jung Ho),김태옥(Kim Tae Ok) 대한전기학회 2002 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2002 No.11

Resveratrol prevents against aging-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rat cardiac muscle

Mi-Hyun No,Jun-Won Heo,Tae-Woon Kim,Han-Sam Cho,Dong-Ho Park,Ju-Hee Kang,Hyo-Bum Kwak 한국운동재활학회 2017 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.09

Resveratrol (RSV), a natural antioxidant that is contained a lot in red wine or the grape skin, has beneficial effects on cardiac and skeletal muscles such as anticancer, antiviral, neuroprotective, anti-aging, and life-extending, and therefore is widely used for the improvement of human health and the prevention of diseases. Aging is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathologic mechanisms of cardiac failure or diseases with aging. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the resveratrol attenuates aging-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rat cardiac muscle. Fischer 344 rats were divided into young sedentary (YS; n=10, 4 months) group, young resveratrol (YR; n=10, 4months) group, old sedentary (OS; n=10, 20 months) group, and old resveratrol (OR; n=10, 20 months) group. Rats were treated with RSV (50mg/kg/day) via oral gavage for 3 weeks. Left ventricle was extracted to determine mitochondrial O2 consumption (respiration) with Oroboros O2K Oxygraph and mitochondrial H2O2 emission and Ca2+ retention capacity with Spex Fluormax 4 spectrofluorometer. Resveratrol treatment attenuated age-induced increase in cardiac muscle mass in old groups. Mitochondrial O2 respiratory capacity was decreased by aging and was protected by RSV treatment. Mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity was decreased by aging and was protected by RSV treatment in the old groups. RSV treatment attenuated age-induced mitochondrial H2O2 emitting potential in the heart. These data demonstrate that resveratrol protects against aging-induced impairment of mitochondrial function in cardiac muscles. In addition, these data imply that resveratrol may attenuate aging-induced cardiac dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress in aged cardiac muscle.

태양광 발전시스템의 컨버터 고장에 따른 보상운전기법

박태식(Park Tae-Sik),허용호(Hur Yong-Ho),이광운(Lee Kwang-Woon),문채주(Moon Chae-Joo),곽노홍(Kwak No-Hong) 한국태양에너지학회 2016 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.36 No.4

The demands for photovoltaic systems on a large scale have grown dramatically and require new technologies to get the high efficiency and reliable operations of power conversion systems. These needs can be realized by the cost-effective and high performance digital revolutions and faster semiconductor switching devices. However, the new power systems have been more sophisticated and their reliability becomes critical issues. In this paper, a new fault-tolerance power conversion scheme for the photovoltaic systems is proposed. The proposed fault-tolerant scheme is able to supply energy from solar panels to loads intermittently in spite of a front boost converter open failure, and its voltage and current controllers are designed to improve the transient performance by using an average model design scheme. The proposed approach is verified both by simulations. The results will enable more timely and wide usage of alternative/renewable energy systems resulting in increased energy security.

대호 저수지의 세균분포에 미치는 환경요인

안태영,곽노태,고유석 ( Tae Young Ahn,No Tae Kwak,You Seak Go ) 한국환경생물학회 1992 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.10 No.2

From April 1990 to March 1991, nineteen variables of physico-chemical factors, bacteria and activity were investigated 12 times at the 3 stations in Lake Daeho and the influence of environmental factors on the distribution of bacteria and activity were analysed through stepwise multiple regression. The results of multiple regression were as follows. At station 1, the variation of bacterial populations and activity was controlled by that of available nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate. At station 2, water temperature and BOD were shown as the major factors affecting the variation of microbial populations. The variation of heterotrophic bacteria and spore forming bacteria could be controlled by the variation of BOD and water temperature could explain the variation of proteolytic and lipolytic bacteria. The variation of total coliform bacteria depended on the variation of pH and nitrate by 68%. Fifty five percent of the variation of glucose turn-over rate was affected by phospate and salinity. At station 3, dissolved oxygen was found out as a main factor governing the variation of bacterial populations. The variations of heterotropic, proteolytic and lipolytic bacteria depended on dissolved oxygen by 32%, 32%, 58% and 59% repectively. Lipolytic bacteria was affected by water temperature as same as at station 2. And glucose turnover rate had a close relation to chlorophyll a.

메탄올 광분해 수소제조를 위한 ATiO₃ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) Perovskite 광촉매의 Ni 첨가 영향

곽병섭(Byeong Sub Kwak),박노국(No?Kuk Park),이태진(Tae Jin Lee),이상태(Sang Tae Lee),강미숙(Misook Kang) 한국청정기술학회 2017 청정기술 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구는 비 TiO₂ 계 광촉매 중 가장 널리 알려져 있는 ATiO₃ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) perovskite를 sol-gel 법을 이용해 합성하였고, 골격치환이 용이한 점을 이용해 A site에 Ni을 첨가한 입자를 합성하였다. 합성한 ATiO3와 Ni-ATiO₃ 입자의 불리화학적 특성은 X-선 회절분석(XRD), 자외선-가시선 분광광도계(UV-visible spectroscopy), 주사전자현미경 (SEM), 에너지분산형 분광분석법(EDS), 질소 등온 흡 · 탈착실험, X선 광전자분광법(XPS)을 이용해 확인하였다. 수소제조는 메탄올을 광분해하여 얻었으며, ATiO₃ 보다 Ni-ATiO₃ 촉매에서 높은 수소발생량을 나타내었다. 특히 Ni-SrTiO₃ 촉매를 사용하였을 때 24시간 반응 후 273.84 m㏖ g<SUP>-1</SUP> 의 수소가 발생하였다. 또한 Ni-SrTiO₃ 촉매는 물(0.1 M KOH)을 분해하였을 때에도 높은 수소 제조 성능을 나타냈으며, 24시간 반응 후 961.51 m㏖ g<SUP>-1</SUP>의 수소가 발생한 것을 확인하였다. In this study, ATiO₃ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) perovskite, which is the widely known for non TiO₂ photocatalysts, were synthesized using sol-gel method. And Ni was added at the A site of ATiO₃ by using that it is easy to incorporate. The physicochemical characteristics of the obtained ATiO₃ and Ni-ATiO₃ particles were confirmed using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), the N₂ adsorptiondesorption isotherm measurement, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The H₂ was produced using the photolysis of MeOH. Using the Ni-ATiO₃ photocatalysts, H₂ production was higher than using the ATiO₃ photocatalysts. Especially, 273.84 m㏖ g<SUP>-1</SUP> H₂ was produced after 24 h reaction over the Ni-SrTiO₃. Also in the water (0.1 M KOH) with the Ni-SrTiO₃, H₂ production was 961.51 m㏖ g<SUP>-1</SUP> after 24 h reaction.

Effective hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming using CoMg co-doped SiO₂@Co_1−xMg_xO catalyst

Kim, Kang Min,Kwak, Byeong Sub,Im, Younghwan,Park, No-Kuk,Lee, Tae Jin,Lee, Sang Tae,Kang, Misook Elsevier 2017 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.51 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, the activities of core@shell-structured SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O catalysts in ethanol steam reforming (ESR) were investigated, and the promotion effect of Mg upon H<SUB>2</SUB> production was assessed. The loading of SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@CoO with Mg resulted in an increase in ethanol conversion and H<SUB>2</SUB> yield with the concomitant suppression of carbon coke deposition and CO emission. Oxygen transfer from the MgO supporter (or improver) to the main cobalt catalytic species during ESR might play a role in maintaining the partially oxidized Co state. In longevity tests, the SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O core@shell material, despite being reused three times, exhibited superior H<SUB>2</SUB> production for 100h without structural collapse or coke formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The core@shell structured SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O was prepared. </LI> <LI> CO-WGS on the core@shell structured SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O was promoted. </LI> <LI> Carbon coke deposition was suppressed by Mg loading. </LI> <LI> Both Co<SUP>0</SUP> and Co<SUP>2+</SUP> played the active sites on SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O. </LI> <LI> SiO<SUB>2</SUB>@Co<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O exhibited high hydrogen production. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effect of acidity on the performance of a Ni-based catalyst for hydrogen production through propane steam reforming: K-AlSi_<i>x</i>O_<i>y</i> support with different Si/Al ratios

Do, Jeong Yeon,Kwak, Byeong Sub,Park, No-Kuk,Lee, Tae Jin,Lee, Sang Tae,Jo, Seung Won,Cha, Moon Soon,Jeon, Min-Kyu,Kang, Misook Pergamon Press 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.36

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Propane steam reforming (PSR) for the production of H<SUB>2</SUB> was catalyzed by a NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalyst synthesized with various Si/Al ratios (Si/Al = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0). The effect of the Si/Al ratio on the acidity of the NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalyst for PSR was investigated. NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> gave a higher H<SUB>2</SUB> selectivity and stability during PSR than NiO/K-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and NiO/K-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. The NH<SUB>3</SUB>-TPD results showed that the acid quantity and strength of NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> changed significantly depending on the Si/Al ratio. With an increased Si/Al ratio, the densities of both weak and strong acid sites increased. The C<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>8</SUB>- and CO-TPD results indicated that desorption amounts increased significantly in all NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalysts relative to those of NiO/K-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and NiO/K-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, and the adsorption amount increased with the Si/Al ratio. PSR results showed that the NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalyst exhibited much better stability than the NiO/K-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and NiO/K-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> catalysts. This study confirms the following facts: when the acidity is appropriately adjusted for the catalyst, adsorption of the reaction gas increases, which eventually increases the reaction rate and also inhibits strong sintering between the nickel and the Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> support. As a result, deterioration of the catalyst can be reduced.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalyst was synthesized for the production of H<SUB>2</SUB> from PRS. </LI> <LI> The acid quantity and strength of NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> changed significantly depending on the Si/Al ratio. </LI> <LI> The adsorptions of C<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>8</SUB> and CO increased with the Si/Al ratio. </LI> <LI> The NiO/K-AlSi<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>O<SUB> <I>y</I> </SUB> catalyst exhibited much better stability during PSR. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>