Benzoate, m-Toluate, Phenol의 Pseudomonas putida에 의한 생분해

김장규,김석형,김태환,이대광,김남기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.1

It this study, basic data were obtained for the treatment of industrial waste water which includes aromatic compounds. Substrate concentrations used were 100ppm, 500ppm, and 1,000pprn and initial pH's were pH6, pH7, and pH8 in order to obtain the optimum conditions for treating benzoate, m-toluate, and phenol by Pseudomonas putida(KCTC 1644). Durations were 20hrs for 100ppm, 40hrs for 500ppm, and 60hrs for 1,000ppm before the static growth of Pseudomonas putida. 100% of 100ppm benzoate(0.31g cell/1) was biodegraded at pH6, pH7, and pH8 before 20hrs, 52.8% of 500ppm at pH8 in 40hrs, and 27.9% of 1,000ppm at pH8 in 60hrs. The best initial pH was pH8 for the biodegradation and the growth of Pseudomonas putida in benzoate medium. For m-toluate, the best initial pH was also pH8. At this pH, 40.6% of 10Dppm(0.31 cell/1), 21.9% of 500ppm, and 14.1% of 1,000ppm m-toluate were biodegraded respectively in limited time. But for phenol, the best initial pH was pH7. At this point, 9.8% of 100ppm(0.218 cell/1), 7.1% of 500ppm, and 4.7% of 1,000ppm phenol were biodegraded respectively. Therefore, the best carbon source in this experiment was benzoate. Pseudomonas putida was also able to biodegrade m-cresol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and benzaldehyde.

항갑상선제로 치료한 그레이브스병 환자의 관해예측인자

남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.

제왕 절개술시 사전 경막천자를 시행한 경막외마취와 척추-경막외 병용 마취의 비교

김원태,이철승,박천희,김형남,최준석 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.3

Epidural Block with Prior Dural Puncture versus Combined Spinal Epidural Block for a Cesarean Section Hyong Nam Kim, M.D., June Seog Choi, M.D., Chun Hee Park, M.D. Cheol Seung Lee, M.D., and Won Tae Kim, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Kwang Ju Christan Hospital, Gwangju, Korea Background: Epidural anesthesia became most popular for a cesarean section, but it is more time consuming and involves a higher incidence of insufficient or superficial blockade. especially of the motor root, despite large doses of local anesthesia. Combined spinal epidural anesthesia has gained an increasing interest as it combines the reliability of the spinal block and the flexibility of an epidural block. A dural puncture suing the combined spinal epidural technique making an early sacral blockade might be a solution to disadvantages in epidural anesthesia. We investigated the efficacy of combined spinal epidural anesthesia and epidural anesthesia with prior dural puncture for a cesarean section. Methods: Sixty pregnant women at full term were divided into three groups. Group Ⅰ(EPI, n = 20) received epidural anesthesia with 100 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine. Group Ⅱ (CSE, n = 20) received combined spinal epidural anesthesia with 1.2-1.4 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally, followed by sensory block at T_10 after by 7-8 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine through the epidural catheter. Group Ⅲ (DP, n = 20) received epidural anesthesia with prior dural puncture. A dural puncture with a 27 G whitacre needle was done before an infusion of 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine through the epidural catheter. The quality and side effects of surgical anesthesia were compared between the three groups. Results: Time to T_10 (P < 0.001) and surgical onset time (P < 0.001) were significantly shorter in the CSE group. Maximal sensory block level (P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the CSE group. Muscle relaxation (P < 0.05) and motor block (P < 0.001) were much better in the CSE group. Hypotension occurred in 25% (EPI group), 40% (CSE group) and 20% (DP group) of the patients. While 65% of the EPI group and 50% of the DP group complained of intraoperative pain, only 25% of CSE group did (P < 0.05). Conclusions: We can conclude that combined spinal epidural anethesia has great efficacy and less side effects for a cesarean section than epidural anesthesia and epidural anesthesia with prior dural pucture. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 311~317)

Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating macrophages, M2 macrophages, regulatory T-cells, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-positive cells in primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system

Nam, Soo Jeong,Kim, Sehui,Kwon, Dohee,Kim, Hannah,Kim, Soyeon,Lee, Eunyoung,Kim, Tae Min,Heo, Dae Seog,Park, Sung Hye,Lim, Megan S.,Kim, Chul Woo,Jeon, Yoon Kyung TaylorFrancis 2018 Oncoimmunology Vol.7 No.7

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS-DLBCL) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The status of the tumor immune microenvironment in CNS-DLBCL remains unclear. We investigated the prognostic implications of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)<SUP>+</SUP> cells in primary CNS-DLBCL (n = 114) by immunohistochemical analysis. The numbers of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including CD68<SUP>+</SUP> TAMs, CD163<SUP>+</SUP> or CD204<SUP>+</SUP> M2 macrophages, FOXP3<SUP>+</SUP> Tregs, and IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cells were all significantly lower in CNS-DLBCL versus systemic DLBCL (n = 165; all P < 0.001), but with little difference in the ratio of CD163<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> or CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cells. An increase in CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers was significantly associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in patients with CNS-DLBCL (P = 0.004 and 0.021, respectively). In contrast, an increase in CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers or a higher ratio of CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cells was related to a shorter PFS (P = 0.020 and 0.063, respectively). An increase in IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers was associated with a significantly longer PFS (P = 0.019). In combination, the status of low IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers combined with low CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, high CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, or a high CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell ratio all predicted poor PFS in multivariate analyses. This study showed that an increase in CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, suggestive of M2 macrophages, was associated with poor clinical outcome in CNS-DLBCL, whereas increased CD68<SUP>+</SUP> or IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers were related to a favorable prognosis. The analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells could help in predicting the prognosis of CNS-DLBCL patients and determining therapeutic strategies targeting tumor microenvironment.</P>

2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene modifies cellular proteins and induces macrophage inflammatory protein-2 gene expression via reactive oxygen species production in RAW 264.7 cells.

Kim, Dongbum,Kim, Young-Jin,Seo, Jae-Nam,Kim, Jinho,Lee, Younghee,Park, Cheung-Seog,Kim, Dae-Won,Kim, Doo-Sik,Kwon, Hyung-Joo Marcel Dekker 2009 Immunological investigations Vol.38 No.2

<P>The skin sensitizer 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) provokes delayed hypersensitivity responses as a result of topical application to the skin. Here, we demonstrate that DNFB modifies proteins in RAW 264.7 cells and skin tissues in NC/Nga mice; we also show the functional involvement of DNFB-induced modification of cellular proteins in the DNFB-induced macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we demonstrate that DNFB strongly induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Our RT-PCR analysis and reporter gene assays reveal that the DNFB-induced intracellular ROS production is necessary for MIP-2 gene expression by DNFB. We observed that the vitamin C and chemical oxidant scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine have an inhibitory effect on the generation of ROS, the activation of MAP kinase pathways, and the MIP-2 gene expression in DNFB-treated RAW 264.7 cells. These results provide insight into the mechanisms involved in DNFB-induced contact hypersensitivity.</P>

Feedforward Pitch Control Using Wind Speed Estimation

Nam, Yoon-Su,Kim, Jeong-Gi,Paek, In-Su,Moon, Young-Hwan,Kim, Seog-Joo,Kim, Dong-Joon The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.2

The dynamic response of a multi-MW wind turbine to a sudden change in wind speed is usually slow, because of the slow pitch control system. This could cause a large excursion of the rotor speed and an output power over the rated. A feedforward pitch control can be applied to minimize the fluctuations of these parameters. This paper introduces the complete design steps for a feedforward pitch controller, which consist of three stages, i.e. the aerodynamic torque estimation, the 3-dimensional lookup table for the wind seed estimation, and the calculation of the feedforward pitch amount. The effectiveness of the feedforward control is verified through numerical simulations of a multi-MW wind turbine.

한국인 제 2 형 당뇨병 환자에서 Uncoupling protein 1(UCP-1)유전자와 지방산 결합단백(FABP2)유전자의 다형성

김영선,이주영,김선규,김용현,유명희,서교일,김철희,변동원,박형규,윤석기,윤여일,남일송,목지오 대한당뇨병학회 2001 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.4

Background: It is well known that genetic component plays an important role in developing obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A number of candidate genes have been suggested, but the major gene determining the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes has not yet been uncovered, Previous studies suggest that polymorphisms of the intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) gene were related with obesity and/or insulin resistance in several populations. Methods: We examined 76 type 2 diabetic patients (aged 44±6years) and 96 healthy controls (aged 25±3 years). AIa54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene and A to G polymorphism (-3826) of the UCP-1 gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: The Thr54 allele of the FABP2 gene was found with a frequency of 0.33 in nondiabetic controls and 0.36 in type 2 diabetic patients. The genotype frequency of the AIa54Thr polymorphism was similar in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects (x²=0.87, P=0.64). The -3826 G allele of UCP-1 gene was found with a frequency of 0.51 in nondiabetic controls, and 0.46 in type 2 diabetic patients. The genotype frequency of the -3826 A to G polymorphism was also similar in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects (x²=1.46, p=0.46). When the subjects of each Groups were subdivided into nonobese and obese group by BMI of 25 kg/㎡, there was no significant difference in genotype frequencies of the UCP-1 and FABP2 gene polymorphisms. Conclusion: These results suggest that either the AIa54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene or the A to G polymorphism (-3826) of UCP-1 gene do not play a major role in developing type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity in Korean.

Optical properties of $\beta$-$In_2S_3$ and $\beta$-$In_2S_3$:$Co^{2+}$ Thin Films

Kim, Hyung-Gon,Kim, Nam-Oh,Jin, Moon-Seog,Oh, Seok-Kyun,Kim, Wha-Tek The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2001 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.2 No.1

$\beta$-$In_2S_3$ and $\beta$-$In_2S_3$:$Co^{2+}$ thin films were grown using the spray pyrolysis method. The thin films crystallized into tetragonal structures. The indirect energy band gap of the thin films was found to be 2.32 eV for $\beta$-$In_2S_3$ and 1.81 eV for $\beta$-$In_2S_3$:$Co^{2+}$(Co:1.0 mol%) at 198K. The direct energy band gap was found to be 2.67 eV for $\beta$-$In_2S_3$ and 2.17 eV for $\beta$-$In_2S_3$:$Co^{2+}$(Co:1.0 mol%). Impurity optical absorption peaks were observed for the ${\beta}$-$In_2S_3$:$Co^{2+}$ thin films. These impurity absorption peaks are assigned, based on the crystal field theory, to the electron transitions between the energy levels of the $Co^{2+}$ ion sited in $T_{d}$ symmetry.

A Case of Composite (Mixed) denocarcinoma-Small Cell Carcinoma of the Stomach

Kim, Nam Don,Park, Yeon Hee,Ki, Seung Seog,Park, Yong Jin,Kim, Heoyng Joon,Ryoo, Baek-Yeol,Kim, Heung Tae,Chung, Jin-Haeng,Yuh, Young Jin 인제대학교 백병원 2003 仁濟醫學 Vol.24 No.1

A composite (mixed) tumor is defined as a glandular-endocrine cell carcinomas characterized by an intricate admixture of both elements in the same lesion. The histogenesis of this tumor is not clear but is considered to be multidirectional differentiation from pluripotential stem cells. The clinical findings are local symptoms due to mass and systemic symptoms due to paraneoplastic syndrome. The prognosis is considered to be very poor because of a high incidence of vasculo-lymphatic invasion and markedly deep infiltration of small cell carcinoma (SCC) of this composite tumor. Treatment has not been established clearly yet, but treatment with regimens specific for SCC of the lung may be used because the biologic and clinical characteristics of gastric SCC are similar to those of SCC of the lung. We encountered a 70-year-old man with pain to the back and both elbows for 20 days on July 22, 2002. Esophagogastroduodenoscopic biopsy revealed a superficially well differentiated adenocarcinoma and a deeply located. poorly differentiated SCC in the same lesion of the stomach, along with multiple bony metastases. We treated the patient with a chemotherapeutic regimen (etoposide and carboplatin) and palliative radiotherapy. The patient complained of sustained abdominal pain and poor oral intake and he died about 5 months later.

뼈에 발생한 악성 림프종 환자의 치료 효과 판정에서 ^(18)F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography의 유용성

김남돈,박연희,기승석,박용진,김형준,류백렬,김흥태,김성은,천기정,최창운,임상무 대한핵의학회 2003 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.37 No.5

원발성골림프종은 매우 드문 질환이기는 하나, 복합항암요법이나 방사선 치료등에 높은 반응율을 보이며, 좋은 예후를 가지는 림프절의 비호지킨 림프종의 일종이다. 그러나, 치료 효과 판정에 있어 골병변의 특이성에 의한 모호한 방사선학적 특징으로 어려움이 있어 왔다. 본 증례는 위와 같은 원발성골림프종 환자에서 PET 스캔을 사용하여 민감하게 완전 반응을 평가할 수 있었던 예로, 앞으로 다른 고식적인 방법과 함께 이 질환의 진단과 치료 평가 있어 유용하게 사용 될 수 있을 것으로 전망할 수 있었다. Purpose: Accurate assessment of the lesion after treatment of patients with bone lymphoma is difficult. In this patient who demonstrated complete remission after chemotherapy, the regions of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (^(18)FFDG)PET uptake diminished more rapidly following therapy, indicating a complete response at much earlier stage than did Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or CT based findings. With the conventional methods, such as MRI and CT. It was difficult to assess whether the residual tumor tissue was viable or not. Decision to complete response is very important in patients with ymphoma to plan the further treatment. We experienced a patient with primary lymphoma of bone who revealed complete response to chemotherapy on ^(18)FFDGPET while CT showed persistent destructive bone lesion. Thus, ^(18)FFDGPET study after therapy may be superior to CT in the evaluation of response to treatment in primary lymphoma of bone.