Alterations of Epidermal Lipid Profiles and Skin Microbiome in Children With Atopic Dermatitis

Kim Jihyun,Kim Byung Eui,Goleva Elena,Berdyshev Evgeny,배재웅,Kim Seokjin,Kim Hye-young,Lee Un Ha,Kim Myoung Shin,Jung Minyoung,Kim Hyunmi,Lee Jinyoung,Donald Y.M. Leung,Ahn Kangmo 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: We aimed to investigate epidermal lipid profiles and their association with skin microbiome compositions in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: Specimens were obtained by skin tape stripping from 27 children with AD and 18 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. Proteins and lipids of stratum corneum samples from nonlesional and lesional skin of AD patients and normal subjects were quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Skin microbiome profiles were analyzed using bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Ceramides with nonhydroxy fatty acids (FAs) and C18 sphingosine as their sphingoid base (C18-NS-CERs) N-acylated with C16, C18 and C22 FAs, sphingomyelin (SM) N-acylated with C18 FAs, and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) with C16 FAs were increased in AD lesional skin compared to those in AD nonlesional skin and that of control subjects (all P < 0.01). SMs N-acylated with C16 FAs were increased in AD lesional skin compared to control subjects (P < 0.05). The ratio of NS-CERs with long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (C24-32:C14-22), the ratio of LPC with LCFAs to SCFAs (C24-30:C16-22) as well as the ratio of total esterified omega-hydroxy ceramides to total NS-CERs were negatively correlated with transepidermal water loss (rho coefficients = −0.738, −0.528, and −0.489, respectively; all P < 0.001). The proportions of Firmicutes and Staphylococcus were positively correlated to SCFAs including NS ceramides (C14-22), SMs (C17-18), and LPCs (C16), while the proportions of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Corynebacterium, Enhydrobacteria, and Micrococcus were negatively correlated to these SCFAs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that pediatric AD skin shows aberrant lipid profiles, and these alterations are associated with skin microbial dysbiosis and cutaneous barrier dysfunction.

Population genetic structure of the soybean aphid from Asia and North America based on microsatellites

Hyojoong Kim,Minyoung Kim,Kim A. Hoelmer,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, was recently introduced from Asia into North America (NA) where it has become a serious pest of soybeans. This invasive pest has rapidly spread throughout the midwestern United States and southern Canada since 2000. We examined 585 individuals obtained from 23 different collections in USA, Korea, China, and Japan using eight microsatellite loci. Based on analysis of multilocus genotype, gene diversity and number of alleles in NA were averaging 0.40 and 2.70, whereas in Asia averaging 0.55 and 4.32, respectively. The factorial correspondence analysis displayed that some Korean populations were closely related to the NA populations. Structure analysis resulted in two conspicuous clusters, NA and Asia, as the most likelihood number of clusters (K). Bayesian assignment tests revealed that Osan and Milyang populations were most likely assigned to the NA populations. Bottleneck test did not show significance of genetic bottleneck in all populations. We also discuss the invasive history of the soybean aphid in light of population genetics.

Molecular identification and diagnosis of the immature Callipogon relictus (Semenov) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a natural monument of Korea

Jongok Lim,Minyoung Kim,Sunghoon Jung,Il-kwon Kim,Jong-su Lim,Shin-young Park,Gyeong-mi Kim,Cheolhak Kim,Bong-kyu Byun,Bong-woo Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

Larval stages of Callipogon relictus (Semenov) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a gigantic longhorn beetle designated as a natural monument of Korea, has never been studied as it is hardly discovered in nature. The DNA barcoding gene, mt-COI, was used to identify a dead larva found in the Gwangneung forest of the Korea National Arboretum. Based on the result, we provide the morphology of the immature stage, with the illustrations of diagnostic characteristics.

Quality of Life in Food Allergy: Validation of the Korean Version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and Risk Factor Analysis

Kim Sukyung,Kim Minji,Kim Jiwon,Park Boram,Min Nuri,Jung Minyoung,Yu Seoyoung,Lee Ji Young,Yoo Hye Won,Kim Hye-Young,Ahn Kangmo,Kim Jihyun 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (K-FAQLQ-PF) and to identify clinical characteristics related to low quality of life (QoL) in Korean children with food allergy (FA). Methods: Parents of 0–12-year-old patients with FA were enrolled. The English version of FAQLQ-PF was translated into Korean. Construct validation was confirmed by the Food Allergy Independent Measure-Parent Form (FAIM-PF) and the Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form 28 (CHQ-PF28). Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors and QoL outcomes. Results: A total of 182 patients with a median age of 5.0 years were enrolled in the study. Cronbach’s α coefficient values indicating internal consistency were higher than 0.8. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for test-retest reliability were good for all age groups (r > 0.6). Total K-FAQLQ-PF scores were positively correlated with the FAIM-PF (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and were negatively correlated with the parental impact-emotional domain in the CHQ-PF28 (r = −0.44, P < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, low QoL was significantly associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–4.18), age ≥ 5 years (aOR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.31–6.16), FA diagnosis before the age of 3 years (aOR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.13–13.93), the presence of atopic dermatitis (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.07–4.57), and residence in non-metropolitan areas (aOR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.73–6.85). Conclusions: According to parental perceptions, the K-FAQLQ-PF is a valid and reliable tool to assess psychosocial QoL in Korean children with FAs. Age, sex, residential area, and comorbid AD can affect the QoL of pediatric patients with FA.

Infrared Estimation of Canopy Temperature as Crop Water Stress Indicator

Minyoung Kim,Seounghee Kim,Youngjin Kim,Yonghun Choi,Myungchul Seo 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.5

Decision making by farmers regarding irrigation is critical for crop production. Therefore, the precision irrigation technique is very important to improve crop quality and yield. Recently, much attention has been given to remote sensing of crop canopy temperature as a crop water-stress indicator, because it is a scientifically based and easily applicable method even at field scales. This study monitored a series of time-variant canopy temperature of cucumber under three different irrigation treatments: under-irrigation (control), optimal-irrigation, and over-irrigation. The difference between canopy temperature (Tc) and air temperature (Ta), Tc – Ta, was calculated as an indicator of cucumber water stress. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was evaluated to define water stress on the basis of the temperature difference between leaf and air. The values of Tc – Ta was negatively related to VPD; further, cucumber growth in the under- and over-irrigated fields showed water stress, in contrast to that grown in the optimally irrigated field. Thus, thermal infrared measurements could be useful for evaluating crop water status and play an important role in irrigation scheduling of agricultural crops.

Biodegradable Check Dam and Synthetic Polymer, its Experimental Evaluation for Turbidity Control of Agricultural Drainage Water

Minyoung Kim,Seounghee Kim,Jinoh Kim,Sangbong Lee,Youngjin Kim,Yongho Cho 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.6

A drainage ditch is normally a component of drainage networks in farming systems to remove surplus water, but at the same time, it may act as a major conduit of agricultural nonpoint source pollutions such as sediment, nitrogen, phosphorus, and so on. The hybrid turbidity reduction system using biodegradable check dam and synthetic polymer was developed in this study to manage pollutant discharge from agricultural farmlands during rainfall events and/or irrigation periods. The performance of this hybrid system was assessed using a laboratory open channel sized in 10m-length and 0.2m-width. Various check dams using agricultural byproducts (e.g., rice straw, rice husks, coconut fiber and a mixture of rice husks and coconut fiber) were tested and additional physical factors (e.g., channel slope, flowrate, PAM dosage, turbidity level, etc.) affecting on turbidity reduction were applied to assess their performance. A series of lab experiments clearly showed that the hybrid turbidity reduction system could play a significant role as a supplementary of Best Management Practice (BMP). Moreover, the findings of this study could facilitate to develop an advanced BMP for minimizing nonpoint source pollution from agricultural farmlands and ultimately to achieve the sustainable agriculture.

Development of high-throughput assay method for the simultaneous analysis of 24 anti-tuberculosis drugs using LC-MS/MS

( Minyoung Kim ),( Jae-gook Shin ),( Dong-hyun Kim ),( Eun-young Kim ),( Jong-lyul Ghim ),( Ji- Hye Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Backgrouod: Chemotherapy of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is prescribed in combination for at least 2 years. According to WHO guideline, at least 5 drugs are simultaneously administered for successful therapy. TDM could be a useful tool for successful clinical practice. In this regards, a high-throughput analytical tool for the simultaneous determination of 24 anti-tuberculosis drugs covering all anti-TB drugs currently prescribed for the treatment of tuberculosis. Method: Two protein precipitation methods were adopted; one with methanol containing 0.13 N HCl for amikacin, kanamycin and streptomycin (group 1) and the other with acetonitrile for amoxicillin, bedaquiline, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, clofazimine, cycloserin, delamanid, DM-6705, ethambutol, ethionamide, isoniazid, levofloxacin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, PAS, prothionamide, pyrazinamide, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine and roxithromycin (group 2). Separation was done either on an HILIC silica column with a gradient elution (group 1) or a reversed-phase dC18 column with a gradient elution (group 2). Detection was carried out in selected MRM mode. Results: All drugs were well separated with high specificity. The calibration curves were linear over a 50-fold concentration range, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.99 for all drugs. The limits of quantification were between 0.01 and 2.0 μg/ml. The intra- and inter-day precision was less than 14.3%, and the accuracy was between 85.7 and 109.5%. The recovery was more than 25% with RSD less than 16.0%. Most of the tested drugs were stable after 24 hours at room temperature, Freeze Thaw cycles, 12 hours of post-treatment. Delamanid was spontaneously degraded into the metabolite DM- 6705 and stable only within 5 hours at ice condition. Conclusion: This report describes the development and validation of the method for the simultaneous quantification of 24 anti-tuberculosis agents in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. The validated method is simple, fast, accurate, and precise. This assay can be applied to therapeutic drug monitoring in tuberculosis patients.

Development and validation of a dried-blood spots method for the simultaneous analysis of 21 anti-tuberculosis drugs using LC-MS/MS

( Minyoung Kim ),( Jae-gook Shin ),( Jong-lyul Ghim ),( Eun-young Kim ),( Dong-hyun Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.0

Background: DBS (dry blood spots) method has many advantages as patient friendly, cost-effective than plasma analysis and has been applied to the analysis of anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, there is no currently available DBS analysis to simultaneously measure both first- and second-anti TB drugs. In this study, we developed and validated a method for simultaneous analysis of 21 anti-TB drugs on DBS using HPLC-MS/MS. Method: Selection of filters (Whatman, 903 Protein saver cards) and extraction solvent were initially optimized. 6-Millimeter spots were punched from homogeneous blood spots and extracted using a 50% acetonitrile containing internal standard. The extracts were further processed and injected onto a RP-dC18 column with a gradient elution system. The detection were done by MRM analysis. Results: All drugs were well separated with high specificity. The calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.99 for all anti-TB drugs over the target concentration ranges. The intra- and inter-day precision was less than 16.2%, and the accuracy was between 82.8 and 111.5%. The recovery of all drugs was higher than 20%. All drugs were stable after 24 h drying in the clean bench and stable after 4 weeks -20 ° C. Conclusion: This report describes the development and validation of a method for simultaneous quantification of 21-anti-TB drugs using the dried blood spots method. This method is simple, fast, and accurate. The developed DBS method can be applied to therapeutic drugs monitoring in patients with tuberculosis.

Development of microsatellite loci from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exiqua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Minyoung Kim,Hyojoong Kim,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

Ten novel microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exiqua. The isolated loci are polymorphic, with 2~12 alleles in 18 individuals from several populations in Korea. All 18 individuals had different multilocus genotypes with heterozygosity ranging from 0.089 to 0.843. Nine of 10 loci kept the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in adjusted significance thresholds. We report the development of microsatellite markers for S. exiqua potentially suitable for further studies of population structure, dispersal, and host relationship.

Tracing the Invasion Route of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)

Minyoung Kim,Deok Ho Kwon,Hyojoong Kim,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.05

Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), native to North America, is spreading rapidly in the Korean Peninsula, causing serious damages on many deciduous forest trees, ornamental trees, and agricultural crops. Before the first report from Korea in 2005, M. pruinosa has not been reported from any other countries in the Eastern Palaearctic, while it has been record in Italy in 1979, and rapidly spreading into many European countries. To trace the invasion route of this species, we analyzed haplotype analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I (mtCOI, 577bp), and developed microsatellite markers. In the haplotype analysis, a total of fourteen haplotypes were found from 69 individuals in 18 populations: 12 haplotypes (native region), 4 haplotypes (European region) and 2 haplotypes (Korea). Interestingly, Korean populations were clustered with some European populations. Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed, and population structures were analyzed from 145 individuals in 8 populations. The origin and invasion route of M. pruinosa are under investigation.