A Corporate Entrepreneurship Perspective for the Internet of Things

Marc H. Meyer(마크 마이어),Chaewon Lee(이채원) 한국창업학회 2017 한국창업학회지 Vol.12 No.4

최근 와해적 기술(disruptive technology) 등장으로 인해 많은 기업들이 혁신전략 수립에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 즉, 기업들은 이전에 경험하지 못한 변화 속에서 어떤 전략을 세우고 어떻게 혁신을 이끌어 가야 하는지, 어떤 제품 및 서비스를 어떻게 생산할 것인지, 어떤 방식으로 수익을 창출해야 하는지를 고민하고 있다. 특히 사물인터넷(Internet of Things)과 같은 와해적 기술(disruptive technology)의 등장은 기존의 혁신 프레임워크나 기존의 혁신 툴을 무기력하게 하고있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 와해적 기술이 등장한 상황에서 기업들이 어떻게 사내혁신 및 성장이라는 과제를 해결해야 하는지를 보여주는 통합된 혁신 프레임워크(integrative innovation framework)를 제시하고자 하였다. 통합된 혁신 프레임워크는 크게 시장 세분화, 생산 플랫폼, 비즈니스 모델의 세 구성 요소로 이루어지며, 기업 내부에서 어떻게 이 세 가지 구성요소들이 유기적으로 움직여 사내혁신을 이루는지를 사례연구를 통해 설명하고자 하였다. 사례연구를 위해 3개 기업(소기업, 중간규모기업, 대기업)을 선정하였으며, 3개 기업의 혁신 팀 중에서도 IoT 기반 혁신 프로젝트를 담당하고 있는 팀을 선정하여 연구자들이 직접 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 사례연구 대상기업은 환경 모니터링 기기 및 소프트웨어 개발 기업, LED 생산기업, 가전제품을 대기업을 대상으로 하였다. 인터뷰는 전략적 의사결정 주체인 프로젝트 매니저, 기술개발팀 구성원(하드웨어 개발자 및 소프트웨어 개발자), 마케팅 담당자를 인터뷰 하였으며, 이를 통해 본 연구의 혁신 프레임워크가 IoT 기반 혁신 프로젝트 맥락에서 어떻게 설명될 수 있는지를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 급변하는 환경 속에서 사내혁신을 어떻게 이끌고 나가야 하는지에 대한 기초연구로서의 기여할 수 있다고 판단된다. 또한 기업의 규모에 상관없이 혁신을 담당하고 있는 실무자들에게 새로운 혁신방법을 이해할 수 있는 프레임워크를 제공한다는데 기여하는 바가 있으나, 3개 기업을 대상으로 한 사례연구를 바탕으로 현상을 설명하고자 한 점에 한계가 있다. The purpose of this paper is to establish an underlying framework for undertaking entrepreneurial initiatives within an established corporation, using the new Internet of Things(IoT) as the grounding example. We find that successful IoT initiatives require that management finds new customers and new use cases against which to innovate, invests in the development of new IoT-centric platforms, and considers new business model relative to the company’s traditional revenue and resource strategies. Collectively, these can represent the development of a new business within an established business, e.g. corporate entrepreneurship. The case study method was primary source field research, where we conducted a series of interviews with key managers involved in company strategy and new product development. These cases represent the spectrum of small, medium, and large size corporations, with outcomes that include new market applications’ technologies in the form of new product lines and services. The framework proposed is grounded in company experience and makes it the basis for further empirical research. This paper also has important implications for practitioners who are planning and implementing IoT innovations in their own respective companies. A market, platform, and business model changes must be integrated into a single comprehensive strategy to produce desired entrepreneurial outcomes.

기업가적 대학(entrepreneurial university)의 개념적 프레임워크 개발; 탐색적 사례연구

이채원(Chaewon Lee),Marc Meyer 한국진로창업경영학회 2021 한국진로창업경영학회지 Vol.5 No.1

기업가정신은 현 경제체계의 문제점을 해결하는 대안으로 여러 국가들이 강조하고 있다. 특히 대학은 기업가적 경제(entrepreneurial economy)에서 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 대학은 연구 및 교육 기능을 넘어서 ‘자연적 인큐베이터 역할을 수행하며 경제적 가치 및 사회적 임팩트를 창출’하는 기업가적 대학(entrepreneurial university)로의 역할이 기대되고 있다. 기업가적 경제에서 대학의 중요성에 대해 많은 논의가 이루어진 것에 반해 기업가적 대학의 학문적 연구는 미비한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 기업가적 대학의 개념을 정리하고, 기업가적 대학을 설명할 수 있는 개념적 프레임워크를 제시하여 기업가적 대학에 대한 이해를 높이고자 하였다. 기업가적 대학을 설명할 수 있는 주요 구성요소로는 기업가정신 교육(entrepreneurial education), 경험적 교육(experiential learning), 벤처창업(venture companies), 외부협력요소(collaboration with stakeholder)로 도출되었다. 도출된 개념적 프레임워크의 구성요소에 기반하여 본 연구는 3개 대학을 대상으로 탐색적 비교사례연구를 실시하였다. 중요성에 비해 연구가 미진했던 기업가적 대학의 개념적 프레임워크를 제시하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 기여점을 찾을 수 있으며, 추후 기업가적 대학의 성과 평가에 대한 실증연구가 이루어질 수 있도록 기업가적 대학 관련 측정변수의 개발이 필요하다고 본다. This paper develops a conceptual framework for the entrepreneurial university. The role of universities has changed over the last several decades from being viewed solely as academic learning centers to becoming engines of innovation for creativity to create new economic value and social impact, the basis for new companies and the next generation products, systems, and therapies upon such companies are based. Many universities have tried to transform themselves into more effective entrepreneurial engines. However, while there are numerous specific programs and initiatives having this intent, there is no higher level, integrative framework for University entrepreneurship ecosystem design to guide such efforts. Specific data are reported for two large Korean universities and one American institution. The two Korean universities has active entrepreneurship centers and receive considerable government funding. The American University is well-regarded for its entrepreneurship success, being the recipient of the 2020 award for Outstanding Contributions to Venture Creation Best Venture Creation by the Global Consortium of Entrepreneurship Centers. The entrepreneurship university framework proposed here has four major dimensions. The first dimension is entrepreneurship education, providing specific innovation design and business planning methods for undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate participants. In addition to assessing the breadth and depth of classroom offerings programming, we assessed the specific and aggregated capabilities of the teaching faculty itself, as well student engagement in said programs. The second dimension is experiential learning, the degree to which universities provide work internships in dynamic venture companies, or, allow students to self-intern in their own startups with industry mentorship. Internship count, structure, and type are metrics here. The third major dimension is are the specific processes and funding provided by universities to incubate new companies, as measured not just by the number of startups, but participation rates throughout the University, the type of ventures (in terms of being technologically intensive, non-lifestyle ventures), and their sustained success. This third dimension also incorporates a University’s mentoring system to complement faculty and University staff. The fourth dimension encompasses the integration by the University in its regional entrepreneurship ecosystem and its various stakeholders. This includes the planned interactions and programs with adjacent accelerators, government agencies, and early-stage investors for the purpose of allowing University ventures to advance to the next level of startup, and then, scale up. Using a structured research instrument, we conducted in-depth data collection for specific data items within each of the four major dimensions in the higher-level framework. Using these data, we then compared the educational, experiential, and external programs of these universities, assessing each university’s strengths and weakness according to our framework. Then, in aggregate across the three Universities, we identified best practices for each of the four dimensions. While the primary purpose of this study is to provide an integrative framework for University-based entrepreneurship ecosystems, it also had a practical outcome. By contrasting their current approaches to observed best practices, University administrators could develop specific improvement plans for their respective entrepreneurship ecosystems.

Effect of Phenanthrene and Hexadecane on the Release and Transport of Mobile Organic Matter in Soil - a Two Layer Column Study

Katharina Reichel,Doreen Babin,Marc-Oliver Gobel,Armin H. Meyer,Kai Uwe Totsche,Kornelia Smalla 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Proposal for a New Score: Hemorrhoidal Bleeding Score

Nadia Fathallah,Hélène Beaussier,Gilles Chatellier,Jean Meyer,Marc Sapoval,Nadia Moussa,Vincent de Parades 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: We conducted a prospective study to evaluate a new hemorrhoidal bleeding score (HBS).Methods: All consecutive patients who had consulted between May 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017 for bleeding hemorrhoidal disease were prospectively assessed at a proctological department. The study was conducted in 2 stages. The first stage assessed the validity of the score on a prospective patient cohort. A second stage assessed the interobserver reproducibility of the score on another prospective cohort.Results: One hundred consecutive patients were studied (57 males; mean age, 49.70 years). A positive association between HBS and surgery indication was found (P<0.001). A cut-off value of the score of 5 (≤5 vs. >5) separated patients from surgical to medical-instrumental treatment with a sensitivity and specificity of 75.00% and 81.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, only HBS was significantly associated with the operative decision (odds ratio, 12.22). Prolapse was no longer significantly associated with the surgical indication. After a mean follow-up after treatment of 7 months, HBS improved statistically significantly (P<0.0001). For the reproducibility of the score, an additional 30 consecutive patients (13 males; mean age, 53.14 years) were enrolled with an excellent agreement between 2 proctologists (kappa=0.983).Conclusion: HBS is sensitive, specific, and reproducible. It can assess the severity of hemorrhoidal bleeding. It can discriminate between the most severe surgery-indicated patients and does so in a more efficient way than the Goligher prolapse score. It also allows quantifying the extent of change in hemorrhoidal bleeding after treatment.

Achieving New Phases and Functionality in ALD Thin Films for Next Generation Electronics

Virginia Wheeler,Alex Kozen,Brian Downey,Marc Currie,Neeraj Nepal,Luke Nyakiti,David Meyer,David Boris,Scott Walton,Jason Avila,Charles Eddy Jr. 한국진공학회 2018 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2018 No.8