추황배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Chuhwangbae) 과피로부터 1종의 Sterol과 3종의 배당체 화합물의 단리·동정

이유건(Yu Geon Lee1),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho),이현주(Hyun Joo Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),한태호(Tae-Ho Han),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim),박근형(Keun-Hyung Park),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

본 연구에서는 배의 유용성 증명을 위한 일환으로 배의 화학성분을 분자수준에서 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 배 과피 MeOH 추출물을 용매분획하여 얻은 EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성분획을 대상으로 Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, 그리고 ODS colmn chromatography와 HPLC를 이용하여 정제 및 단리하였다. 그 결과, EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성 분획으로부터 각각 2종씩의 화합물을 단리하였다. 단리된 화합물 1-4는 1H- 및 13C-NMR 분석을 통하여 각각 (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (화합물 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone(piceoside, 화합물 2), β-sitosterol (화합물 3), 그리고 β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (화합물 4)로 동정되었다. 단리된 3종의 배당체 화합물(화합물 1, 2, 4)들은 본 연구에 의해 배로부터 처음 동정되었으며, 화합물 3은 추황배로부터 처음 동정되었다. 본 연구결과가 배 함유 성분연구는 물론 배의 기능성 해명 연구에도 추후 중요한 기초자료로 활용되길 기대한다. We isolated and identified antioxidants from acidic and neutral ethyl acetate fractions of the peel of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia N. cv. Chuhwangbae). We isolated 4 compounds from the methanol extract, by using 3 different types of column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and octadecylsilane) and preparative HPLC. We identified the isolated compounds as (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone (picroside, compound 2), β-sitosterol (compound 3), and β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 4) by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We are the first to report the identification of compounds 1, 2, and 4 from pear.

국립중앙박물과 소장 『조선지도』의 지도사적 의의

이우형(Woo-Hyung Lee),오상학(Sang-Hak Oh) 한국문화역사지리학회 2004 문화 역사 지리 Vol.16 No.1

This article is about the cartohistorical value and significance of the 『Joseon-jido. 朝鮮地圖, Map of Korea』, the copy of the 『Dongguk-daejeondo, 東國大全圖 Great map of Korea.』 by Jeong Sang-Gi(鄭尙驥), which is the collection of the National Museum of Korea. The conclusions are as follows. First, by the contents of the map, it is presumed that the map was made between the years 1757-1767. Therefore, it is easy to assume that the map was made in 1740s. Among the others, the map was made in the earliest days. Second, the 『Joseon-jido』 was drawn on the fine silk with the delicate lines, and the map has rvtanchuria of China and Japan, which were presumed to be included in the original map. Also, comparing the copies of 『Paldo-bundo, 八道分圖 Maps of Eight Provinces』 by Jeong to the map by trigonometry calculation, we can presume that both of the map were made by the same scale. By these reasons, the 『Joseon-jido』 is presumed to be the Dongguk-daejeondo in 『YoungJo Sillok, Annals ofKing YoungJo』, which Jeong Hang-Ryung(鄭恒齡). son of Jeong Sang-Gi(鄭尙驥). brought from home and copied it to provide the map to the HongMoonKwan(弘文館, Office of Special Advisers) in 1957(33th year of King YoungJo) Third, there are over 2200 place names mentioned in the 『Joseon-jido』, and these names are also mentioned in the Dongguk-daejeondo and the Paldo-bundo. Most of the place names of the natural features were that of the mountains. and the name of the hills were mentioned in detail. Most of the place names of the civil features were that of the military facilities, such as military camps and the mountain castles. Therefore. it can be said that the map had administrative and military purpose. Fourth, the expression of the landscape followed the classic mountain range-centered understanding while at the same time stressing the six Jeongmaks(正脈, Secondary Mountain Range), the important military defence line. The traffic route was expressed in detail among the other civil features, and the mountain castles. military camps and the signal fire were also expressed in detail with the more symbolized marks. Fifth, unlike the existed articles. the map expressed the changes in the military camps, mountain castles, traffic routes, stations and the signal fires.

단상 유도형 동기 전동기(LSPM)의 특성해석에 관한 연구

정대성,김승주,이진헌,최재학,이주,Jung, Dae-Sung,Kim, Seung-Ju,Lee, Jin-Hun,Choi, Jae-Hak,Lee, Ju 한국조명전기설비학회 2007 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.21 No.3

가전분야에서의 전동기 효율향상을 통한 에너지 소비절감 효과는 상당히 크지만 이를 위한 전동기의 설계/해석 기술 확보가 아직은 미흡한 상태이다. 이에 따라 유도형 동기전동기가 제안되었지만, 유도형 동기 전동기는 유도전동기와 통기전동기의 특성을 동시에 가지고 있어, 해석 및 설계가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 냉장고 압축기용 전동기인 단상유도전동기를 대처할 수 있는 단상 유도형 동기전동기를 이용해 파라미터에 따라 특성이 어떻게 바뀌는가에 대해 서술하였다. 그에 따라 단상유도전동기의 정상상태 특성을 해석하고 제안모델의 성능을 기존모델과 비교하고 실험하여 해석결과의 신뢰성을 검증한다. 또한 본 논문에서는 제안모델의 기존 고정자 형상이나 권선 스팩을 유지하고 회전자의 형상이나 구조만을 변경시켜 성능향상을 도모하였다. 해석방법으로는 전자장 수치 해석적인 방법으로 널리 이용되고 있는 유한요소법(Finite Element Method : FEM)을 이용하였다. Electric motor efficient improvement from home appliance field is important to the effect reducing the energy consumption. But the electric motor design/analysis technology is still insufficient. Specially the electric motor design/analysis technology of satisfying characteristic of both the induction motor and the synchronous motor such as Line start permanent motor. Therefore the electric motor design/analysis technology is urgently demanded reliability. This paper proposes the sing1e-phase line-start permanent magnet motor to develop the motor it with be able to alternate the sing-phase induction motor it is a refrigerator compressor motor. The sing-phase induction motor is analyzed in the steady state. And we have a certification test to compare our single-phase line-start permanent magnet motor with the sing-phase induction motor. In order to improve the performance, the stator of the single-phase line-start permanent magnet motor is same as the stator of the sing-phase induction motor and changes the rotor form and has the permanent magnet. It used the Finite Element Method(FEM) which is widely used with electronic-magnetic field numerical analysis method.

초등 교과교육학의 성격과 내용구조 연구

유한구(Han Ku Ryu),장성모(Sung Mo Chang),송광용(Kwang Yong Song),조주연(Joo Yun Cho),이학주(Hak Ju Lee) 한국초등교육학회 1997 초등교육연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 연구는 교과교육과 교과교육학의관계, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계등을 분석하고, 그 결과를 토대로 하여 초등학교 교과교육과 교육대학 교과교육학 교육의 실제를 정확히 이해하고 그 발전 방향을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 일반적으로, 교과교육학은 교육학에서 제시하고 있는 교육과정의 구성및 교육방법상의 일반 원리를 교과교육이라는 특수한 사태에 적용하는 과정에 관심을 두는 이론으로 간주되고 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교육학의 일반적 원리에 따라 교과교육이라는 특수한 맥락에 처방을 내리기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 이 관점을 교과와 그것을 가르치는 교사의 삶을 사실상 별개의 것으로 분리하는 것이며, 그와 동일한 이유에서 교과교육학과 교과교육학자의 삶 또한 별개의 것임을 전제하는 것이다. 그러나 교과교육과 교과교육학, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계는 이론에서 실제로 나아가는 앞의 방향과는 정반대 방향에서도 이해될 수 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교과교육 실제에 처방을 내리기 위한 것이 아니라 그 실제를 기술하고 정당화하기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 교과교육과 교과교육학의 관련이 이렇게 파악될 때, 교과 교육학은 교사나 교과교육학자에게 자신이 지금 하는 일이 자신의 삶과 결코 무관한 것이 아니라는 믿음을 심어 주게 되며, 나아가 그들 자신이 참여하고 있는 초등학교나 교육대학의 교육실제를 기술하거나 정당화하려고 할 때 반드시 필요한 개념적 도구를 제공해 줄 수 있게 된다. 바로 여기에 교과교육학에 관한 종래의 접근과는 구분되는 새로운 접근방식이 요구되는 이유가 있다. The purpose of this study is threefold: The first is to analyse the relations between subject education and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy. The second is, based on the analysis result, to have the precise understanding of teaching various subjects in the elementary school, and of teaching subject pedagogy in the university of education. The third is to search for the desirable direction of developing the elementary education and the teacher education. Subject pedagogy is usually defined as a theory which is interested in the process of applying pedagogical principles regarding curriculum organization and teaching methods to specific teaching situations, that is, subject education situations. However, this definition has a limitation, because it assumes that a subject and the teacher's life who teaches the subject are separated from each other, and that subject pedagogy and the scholar who studies subject pedagogy are also separated. The relationship between subject teaching and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy can be understood with quite different viewpoint. This new viewpoint, which is the major discussion matter of this study, assumes that subject pedagogy is never separated from the life of subject teacher/subject pedagogist. This viewpoint will reveal the theoretical features of subject pedagogy better, and give us new meaning on the life of teachers/subject pedagogists. The subject pedagogy in the correct sense should provide teachers/pedagogists with the conceptual instrument based on the new viewpoint. This conceptual instrument will make teachers/pedagogists be able to describe, explain, and validate their own educational practice-such as the content structure of each subject-in the elementary school or the university of education.

O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase gene promoter methylation status in glioblastoma and its correlation with other prognostic markers

Sung Hak Lee,남석우,홍용길,강창석,이연수 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2011 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.7 No.4

Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant brain tumor with most patients dying within 1 year after diagnosis. O6-Methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is implicated as a major predictive factor for treatment response to alkylating agents including temozolomide (TMZ). In general, epigenetic silencing of the MGMT gene by promoter methylation is associated with loss of MGMT protein expression. We investigated the correlation between MGMT protein expression and MGMT methylation status and the prognostic relevance of TP53 and Ki-67 in a series of glioblastomas. A total of twenty-eight patients between 2008 and 2011 were included in this study. Nineteen patients (68%) showed nuclear TP53 immunopositivity,and mean Ki-67 index was 27%. Immunohistochemistry for MGMT protein revealed high expression (¤30% positive cells) in 11 tumors, and low expression (‹30% positive cells) in 17 tumors. There was a good correlation between immunoreactivity for MGMT protein, Ki-67 index and tumor extent. MGMT promoter methylation as well as MGMT protein expression was completely uncorrelated to survival prediction;neither TP53 nor Ki-67 were correlated to survival. Our study confirms the role of the Ki-67 index and the extent of tumor as two important factors associated with prognosis of glioblastoma. In contrast, MGMT protein expression as well as the MGMT promoter methylation status does not provide prognostically relevant information.

A Case of Craniopharyngioma with Malignant Elements, Consistent with Malignant Craniopharyngioma

Lee, Ki Chan,Chu, Jeong-Wha,Kim, Sung Hak,Kim, In Sun,Chi, Je G. 대한신경외과학회 1979 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.8 No.1

Russel and Rubunstein에 의하면 두개인두종에서, 종양주위의 신경교중대(dense zone of gliosis)에서 상피세포소가 발견되며 이것이 종양의 주위로 침습하는 모양을 나타내는 것을 carcinoma라고 할 수 있다고 하였으나 진성악성 변화를 보인 예는 아직 보고되지 않았다. 본 교실에서는 두통, 우측반신부전마비의 증상으로 입원한 59세의 남자 환자에서 좌측 전두부를 통한 개두술로써 후구(olfactory groove)와 안와상벽에 유착된 약 4.5×3.5×2.5cm 크기의 회색 종괴를 제거 하였으며 그 현미경학적 조직소견상 핵이 농염되어 있는 타원형 세포가 주로 보이며 때로는 방추형 세포도 보인다. 또한 많은 수의 유사분열상이 보이고 그중 일부는 비형성분열(atypical mitosis)을 보이는 악성 변화를 일으킨 두개인두종의 소견을 보였기에 보고 하는 바이다.

The User Experience of Smart-Phone Information Hierarchy and Screen Transition Patterns

Sang-Hak Kim,Young-Ju Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.4

This study aims to clarify the relation between the information hierarchy and screen transition as a feedback element for user experience in terms of user sensitivity and presence in a user-centered design environment of smart-phone visual perception based on theoretical researches. The result shows that the information hierarchy includes transitions from top to bottom, return, and transitions in the same hierarchical structure. As for tasks depending on the information hierarchy and transition styles, most tasks are sequential movement for depth entry, movement from top to bottom, and return to the previous screen. In a mobile device environment, since containing and structuralizing certain information on a small screen is important, the sequential structure needs transition effects for instant movement within the same configuration. As for tasks depending on the information hierarchy and transition styles, most tasks are sequential movement for depth entry, movement from top to bottom, and return to the previous screen. In a mobile device environment, the flip transition effect based on slides that feature the high transition rates is frequently used. Besides, transition from top to bottom and 'Move' and 'Scale' that have the concept of 'Layer' are also often utilized. As such, screen transition mainly for inter-depth movement is the major usage, but it is affected by the types, specifications of the used devices, internet access means and speed, etc.

Organic Phototransistors Based on Self-Assembled Microwires of <i>n</i> -Type Distyrylbenzene Derivative

Lee, Yoon Ho,Shin, Dong-Seon,Kim, Dong Yeong,Nam, Dongsik,Choe, Wonyoung,Hong, Sung You,Oh, Joon Hak Wiley (John WileySons) 2018 ASIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Vol.7 No.11

Study on the improvement of production process to establish the quality stability of squid Jeotkal with roe

Sung Ju Cho,Rye Gyeong Park,Ji Hyeon Lee,Ji Eun Lee,Yu Ri Choe,So Yun Lee,Jae-Suk Choi,Jae Hak Sohn 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2021 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

Water extract of Geum Chung Cho improves short-term memory by suppressing cerebral ischemia-induced apoptosis in the hippocampus of gerbils

Sang-Hak Lee,Jun-Jang Jin,Lakkyong Hwang,Sung-Eun Kim,Chang-Ju Kim,Il-Gyu Ko 한국운동재활학회 2015 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Cerebral ischemia results from cerebrovascular occlusion, which leads to neuronal cell death and eventually causes neurological disorders. Cordyceps is a known to have variable actions, such as increasing sexual drive, improving renal function, and exerting anti-cancer effect. We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Guem Chung Choon apoptosis in the hippocampus after transient global ischemia using gerbils. Guem Chung Cho is an artificially cultivated Cordyceps, and was supplied from GCordy (Seoul, Korea). Aqueous extract of Guem Chung Cho (50 g) was made by rotary evaporate, and resulting powder 11.5 g was obtained (yield 23 %). Transient global ischemia was induced by ligation of both common carotid arteries for 7 min. Aqueous extract of Guem Chung Cho was administrated orally at 3 respective doses (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days, beginning 1 day after surgery. Short-term memory was assessed by a step-down avoidance test. Histological study was performed with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 and 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Western blot for Bcl-2, Bax, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) was conducted. The results revealed that induction of cerebral ischemia impaired short-term memory with increased DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Induction of cerebral ischemia also enhanced expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax protein and suppressed expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 protein in the hippocampus. In addition, cerebral ischemic insult excessively increased cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, whereas, decreased the expressions of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus. Guem Chung Cho treatment ameliorated cerebral ischemia-induced impairment of short-term memory. Guem Chung Cho treatment suppressed apoptosis and cell proliferation and enhanced expressions of BDNF and TrkB. These effect of Guem Chung Cho appeared most potently at lowest dosage used in this study, 0.001 mg/kg. We showed that Guem Chung Cho may overcome ischemia-induced apoptotic neuronal cell death, thus facilitates recovery following ischemic cerebral injury. This study was supported by GCordy company.