On English Verbal Anaphor: VP Replacement and VP Ellipsis

Myung-Kwan Park,Sunjoo Choi 현대문법학회 2017 현대문법연구 Vol.96 No.-

Myung-Kwan Park and Sunjoo Choi. 2017. On English Verbal Anaphor: VP Replacement and VP Ellipsis. Studies in Modern Grammar 96, 89-107. It has been noted that VP replacement do so is not allowed with verbal passives, though it is with unaccusatives (Hallman 2013). This paper develops an identity-based account for this contrast. Bruening (2016) recently reports that VP replacement is permitted even with passives in some restricted environments. Reformulating Miller's (2011) three options for VP anaphor (i.e., VP replacement and VP ellipsis), Bruening (2016) suggests two factors governing the choice of VP anaphor. Departing from Bruening (2016), however, this paper provides an identity-based account for the issue concerned, by demonstrating that VP replacement and VP ellipsis are derived in a similar way but they require different operational domains in tandem with the identity domain for VP replacement or ellipsis. Grounded on some key representative examples, we suggest that passives as well as unaccusatives require syntactic identity, but that they are distinguished in terms of the category where VP replacement or ellipsis applies. Furthermore, the difference between VP replacement and VP ellipsis concerning the size of operational domain can be extended to account for causative-inchoative alternations. In doing so, we argue that meeting the identity condition is crucial for VP replacement as well as VP ellipsis.

자아존중감을 기르는 인성교육 프로그램

최관경 釜山敎育大學 學生生活硏究所 2001 學生指導硏究 Vol.21 No.-

The primary purpose of this study is to develop personality-education program to maintain and enhance feelings of self-esteem in elementary school. The research began from November 1st. 1999 and continued to October 31st, 2001. Also it was carried out by great help and positive cooperation of five elementary school teachers in Pusan and Kyung-gi Province. The self-concept has a central role to play in personality organization. A person's self-concept may be viewed on a store of self-perceptions. These self-perceptions and built up in a gradual fashion through experience and particularly reflect the perceived reaction of other people. In elementary students, the reaction of teachers, parents and friends are of particularly importance. While self-concept is taken to refer to the store of self-attributes of a person, self-esteem has been used to refer to the extent to which individuals regard these self-attributes in positive or negative terms. Self-esteem particularly has to do with feelings of adequacy and inadequacy and with feelings of self-worth. The self-esteem is total self-satisfaction which springs from sense of belongingness, competent feeling and worthwhile feeling. It is associated with the extent to which people feel they can live up to expectations they hold for themselves or that are held for them by parents and other important persons in their lives. It is also influenced by the extent to which they perceive themselves to be accepted and loved by other people. A number of personality theorists have argued that the need to maintain and enhance feelings of self-esteem is one of the most basic of human needs and that people will go to considerable trouble to ensure that their feelings of self-esteem are not damaged. In educational situations particular attention has been directed towards the study of achievement strivings and anxiety and their role in maintaining and enhancing feelings of self-esteem. Self-esteem may be maintained and enhanced by succeeding in classroom learning tasks. If the person is not able to achieve success and demonstrate competencies, the danger is that self-esteem will be eroded. It is essential for teachers to recognize the very high need that elementary students have for praise and recognition. They want to please the teacher and to do well in school. When elementary students get positive recognition from their teachers, parents and friends, they tend to get higher feelings of self-esteem and to adjust well to school. this adjustment sets a positive pattern for their entire school career. This paper suggests that personality education must pursue the humanization and happinization of students as new directions. It argues that in order to enhance self-esteem the theory of over-compensation has to replace the view of child which says "Genius displays itself even in childhood." In this paper, I set out 3 principles or ways to maintain and enhance self-esteem. In conclusion, education is a value-laden activity. Therefore, I emphasize that a primary responsibility of the elementary teachers is to help children develop positive self-image and maintain and enhance higher positive feelings self-esteem without discontinuity. The final personality-education program of enhancing higher positive feelings of self-esteem(PNUE. PHENIX) which this teacher accomplished was added as a supplement to this paper.

승객이 지하철에 놓고 내린 물건을 가지고 간 경우에 있어서 절도죄의 성립여부 : 대상판결 : 대법원 1999. 11. 26 선고 99 도 3963

최관식 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.4 No.2

Die Folgende Untersuchung richtet sich, ein strafrechtliches Chrakteristikum des KHGSt - Urteil v. 26. 11. 1999, do 3963. festzuhalten und die Lo‥sung der Probleme zu finden, die das Urteil hat.

타인의 신용카드를 임의로 가지고 가 현금자동지급기에서 현금을 인출한 후 곧바로 반환한 경우, 신용카드에 대한 竊盜罪의 성립여부 : 對象判決 : 大法院 1999. 7. 9 宣告 99 도 857 判決

崔官植 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.4 No.1

Die folgende Untersuchung richtet sich, ein strafrechtliches Charakteristilum des KHGSt-Urteil v 9 7 1997, 99 do 857 festzuhalten und die Losung der Probleme zu finden, die das Urteil hat.

TFD 소자의 전기적 특성에 관한 상위전극의 영향

최희동,이명재,고동완,곽성관,김동식,정관수 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 2002 레이저공학 Vol.13 No.-

In this work, we examined the electrical and mechanical characteristics of TFD devices for various top electrode materials by measuring barrier height and performing ASE depth profile. It was found that the shift of current-voltage(Ⅰ-Ⅴ) characteristics of TFD device depends on the top electrode material. The main reason of the asymmetry in Ⅰ-Ⅴ curve was the differences in barrier height of top and bottom electrodes, and chemical composition at the interface region between top electrode and insulator layer also was important reason. The barrier heights(φ_B) evaluated from temperature dependence of the Ⅰ-Ⅴ relation are 0.7795(Al) 1.0287(Ti) and 1.2928(Ta) eV.

결합조직형성 법랑모세포종의 방사선학적 소견 : 증례보고 3례

최다혜,허경회,문제운,이원진,허민석,이삼선,최순철,박관수 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2006 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.37 No.1

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a rare histologic variant of ameloblastoma. It shows important differences in anatomic distribution, histologic appearance, and radiographic findings compared with the general type of ameloblastoma. It is histologically characterized by an abundance of densely collagenous stroma and radiographically a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion. We present three cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma. All the patients complained on buccal swelling with or without pain and the sites of occurrence were the anterior and the premolar region. Plain radiographs showed mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion with ill-defined or diffuse sclerotic margin and no external root resorption. Additionally, CT scans revealed buccal expansion and relatively well-defined margin of the lesions. The clinical and radiographic features of the presented cases were compared with those of the desmoplastic ameloblastoma in the previous literatures. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2006; 36 : 63-8)

등고선지도의 자동적인 고도값 할당

최관순,공용해 순천향대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.15 No.3

Automated Input system has been developed to generate DEM(DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL) data from contour map. Conventional methods used are based on either line tracking or raster-vector conversion. Both required a lot of manual input and computing time. The system developed here is based on automated recognition of number from symbol image and automated tracing of the sectional heights of the recognized lines.

효율적인 데이타 에퀴지션을 위한 앤티에어리어스 필터 설계에 관한 연구

최관순,안달 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1996 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.2

The aliasing phenomenon becomes a problem in A/D conversion systems when an input signal contains frequency components above half the A/D sampling rate. These higher frequencies can "fold over" into the lower frequency spect겨m and appear as erroneous signals that cannot be distinguished from valid sampled data. The best appch to eliminating false lower frequencies is to use an anti-aliasing filter, which inhibits aliasing by limiting the input signal bandwidth to below half the sampling rate. In this paper, anti-alias filter with elliptic characteristics are designed. This filter can reduce system cost, acquisition storage requirments, and analysis time by allowing for a lower sampling rate.

방사선에 조사된 생쥐의 정소에 미치는 Cysteine의 방어 효과에 관한 현미경적 연구

최춘근,유관희 연세대학교 대학원 1980 延世論叢 Vol.16 No.2

This study was made to investigate the radioprotective effects of cysteine on the gamma irra diation injury, by means of electron microscopic examination of the testis of mile treated by cysteine before whole body irradiation. Experimental results obtained are as follows: 1. At 30 minutes after irradiation, the nucleus of spermatogonia began to shrink and round swollen mitochondria of spermatocytes were observed in saline treated group, but cysteine treated group showed slight decrease of cytoplasmic granules. 2. At 2 hours after irradiation, spermatocytes show destruction of nuclear membrane and irregular karyoplasm which was caused by aggregations of chromatin of nucleus in saline treated group. It was also observed aggregation of chromatic in cysteine treated group, but they showed lower appearance than saline treated group. 3. In the group of 9 hours after irradiation, the saline treated group appeared large vacuoles in the cytoplasm and irregular electron dense structures in the nucleus and showed significant aggregation of chromatin. And segregation of nucleolus, aggregations of chromatin were observed in cysteine treated group.

敎育目的으로서의 自我實現

崔冠卿 釜山敎育大學 1983 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.19 No.1

Jacques Maritain had warned in 1943 that it was a serious mistake on the part of modern education to be obsessed with educational means at the expense of its aims. As if we had proved the justice of his warning, it may be said that the most problem facing educational programs at all levels today has stemmed from our obsession with means rather than ends. Moreover, dehumanizing society of today with mechanic management of school system, mammoth-sized schools and over-crowded classrooms has accelerated dehumanization of education. Therefore, humanists in deucation are asserting that the dehumanizing school system of today has to be abolished away to escape from the mistaken school-society. They assert that the school system of today various dysfunctional roles is, trying to suppress learners' free self-realization for the sake of its own maintenance rather than to help them realize their inborn potentialities to the highest level, To overcome the abovementioned situation of education, this study attempts to theorize self-realization as the aim of education in line with philosophical base in education. It is noted that "the self-realization" officially became an educational aim in the United States in 1938 since John Dewey had first advocated it in 1902. It is also noted that the self-realization is not a process which may take place on an uninhabited island or in a vacuum but one which must maintain a social context, It is particularly noted here that national development essentially depends on growth in character on the part of the individual citizen. It can be said that determination of the self-realization as an educational aim introduces diversity to educational methods, contents and evaluation and that this is conducive to the develpment of democracy, a necessarily diverse society. An integrated personality is, in a manner, the sum of subjective and ovjective selves. Subjective and objective selves, for instance, can be the sum of a farmer, land, seeds and crop figuratively. The self-realization, in other words, means the tetality of consciousness, discovery, development and transcendence of self. And yet the self-realization remains a vague concept and measures of the degree to which the student may have advanced in the process pose a problem in connection with this particulr educational approach. In spite of this and other problems, it is thought that the self-realization should give greater emphasis to educational teleology which attaches importance to the integration of personality, For it directly leads to a more positive view of self, society and the country which is an essential ingredient of democratic processes.