Presurgical Naso-Alveolar Molding Appliance for Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Baek, Seung-Hak,Yang, Won-Sik,Kim, Sukwha 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 1)편측성 순구개열 신생아 환자에 대한 술전 비치조 정형장치(PNAM)치료를 소개하고 2) 이 장치의 치조골 정형 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 서울대학교 병원 교정과에 내원하여 PNAM장치를 사용하여 치료받은 4명의 편측성 순구개열 호나자(남자 3명, 여자 1명, 평균 초진연령: 23.2일)을 대상으로 하였으며, 치조골에서 대분절과 소분절 파열부간의 평균거리는 8.27mm였고 치조골 정형치료의 평균기간은 9.7주였다. 초진시(Ti)와 성공적인 치조골 정형술이 이루어진 시기(T2)에 이들 환자의 인상을 채득하여 모형을 제작한 후, 사진촬영과 digital caliper를 사용하여 7개의 길이 항목과 5개의 각도항목을 계측하였다. SPSS win. ver 7.5프로그램을 사용하여 통계처리 하였고, 평균치의 차이를 비교하기 위하여 paired t-test를 사용하였다. 1. 신생아 치조골 후방부는 치조골 정형술을 시행하는 동안 안정된 구조물이었다. 2. 치조골 정형술에 의하여 대분절의 전방 성장이 억제되었다. 3. 치조골 정형술에 의한 파열부의 패쇄는 주로 대분절 전방부의 내측과 후방 굴곡 및 소분절 전체의 외측 굴곡에 의한 것이었다. The goals of this study were to present presurgical naso-alveolar molding(PNAM) appliance in unilaterla cleft lip and palate treatment and to evaluate the effects of PNAM appliance on alveolar molding. Samples were consisted of 4 unilateral cleft lip and palate infants(3 males and 1 female, mean age=23.2 days after birth) who were treated with PNAM appliances in Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Average alveolar cleft gap between the greater and lesser segment was 8.27 mm and average duration of alveolar molding treatment was 9.7 weeks. These patients' models were obtained at initial visit(T1) and after successful alveolar molding(T2). Seven linear and five angular variables were measured by using photometry and digital caliper. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS win ver. 7.5 program. Paired t-test was used to compare the mean values. 1. The posterior part of alveolar segments are the stable structures during alveolar molding treatment period in infants. 2. Forward growth of th greater segment may be hindered by the action of alveolar molding. 3. The closure of cleft gap during alveolar molding were usually due to inward and backward bending of the anterior part of the greater segment and outward bending of the whole lesser segment.

Cross-country Comparison of Effects of ‘Confidence in Science’ and ‘Instructional Clarity in Science Lessons’ on ‘Science Achievement’: Focusing on the Mediation Effect of ‘Interest in Learning Science’*

Baek,Sun-Geun,Cho,Sijung,Yang,Hye-Won,Kim,Seojin 서울대학교 교육종합연구원 2021 The SNU Journal of Education Research Vol.30 No.4

The effects of ‘confidence in science’ and ‘instructional clarity in science lessons’ on ‘science achievement’ mediated by ‘interest in learning science’ were investigated comparatively across South Korea, Japan, the USA, and England. From the data of TIMSS 2019, 3,861 cases from South Korea, 4,446 cases from Japan, 8,698 cases from the USA, and 3,365 cases from England were used to test a hypothesized structural equation model. As a result, the model fitted the data of each country satisfactorily, and measurement was found to be equivalent across the four countries. Moreover, the effect of confidence on achievement was statistically significant in all countries whereas the effect of instructional clarity on achievement and the effect of interest on achievement were only significant in South Korea and the USA. Furthermore, the mediation effect of interest was only significant in South Korea and the USA. Such results provide new perspectives in the role of confidence, instructional clarity, and interest on students’ science achievement and implications for customized educational programs and policies for each country.

자동착유시스템 설치농가의 설치 후 만족도에 관한 실태조사

기광석,김종형,정영훈,김윤호,박성재,김상범,이왕식,이현준,조원모,백광수,김현섭,권응기,김완영,여준모,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Jong-Hyeong,Jeong, Young-Hun,Kim, Yun-Ho,Park, Sung-Jai,Kim, Sang-Bum,Lee, Wang-Shik,Lee, Hyun-June,Cho, Won-Mo,Baek, Kwang- 한국축산환경학회 2011 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.17 No.1

본 시험은 국내에 도입되기 시작한 AMS에 대하여 설치 동기, 설치 후 우유생산량과우유품질, AMS 설치계기 및 설치 후 만족도, AMS 운영상 애로점 및 건의사항 등을 조사 분석하였다. 설치 계기가 무엇인가에 대한 응답비율은 노동력 부족 44%, 체험목장으로 전환 25%, 소들의 고능력화에 대응 19% 순이었으며 기타 6%였다. AMS 설치농가의 사육경력은 평균 24.9년, 평균 연령은 53.2세로 나타났으며 가족노동력만으로 경영하는 목장이 조사농가의 38%, 고용+자가노동력 형태의 목장이 63%로 나타났다. 목장의 산유능력은 두당 평균 유량은 1일 $30.9{\ell}$, 평균 유지율 3.9%, 세균수는 9.1천개/$m{\ell}$ 수준이었다. 후계자 육성에 대한 질문에 매우 그렇다라고 응답한 비율은 68%였으며, 보통 18%, 아니다와 매우 아니다라고 응답한 비율은 18%로 나타났다. 시스템 운영현황 및 애로사항을 파악하기 위하여 AMS의 프로그램 주운영자에 대한 질문에 본인 44%, 부인 6%, 자녀 또는 후계자사람이 44%, 기타 6%나 되었다. AMS 운영상 가장 어려운 점에 대한 조사결과, 기기 작동 및 복잡한 프로그램 운영이 각각 31%로 가장 많았다. 그 외 기계 에러 및 고장에 대한 애로사항이 25%이였다. 도태원인에 대하여 유방염 28%, 번식장애 20%, 발굽질환 19%, AMS에 부적합한 유두 배열 12%, 분만 후 대사성질병 7%, 노산 등 기타 14%였다. 시스템 설치 후 유지보수 계약 체결유무 및 비용에 대하여 유지보수 계약 56%, 유지 보수 계약 미체결 44%이었다. 유지보수 계약 평균 계약비용은 연간 658만원 정도였다. 시스템 설치 후 항목별 만족도에 대하여 5점 만점에 3.9점이었으며, 노동력 절감 3.7점, 업체의 A/S 3.6점, 산유량 증가 3.2점, 원유의 체세포 수 저감 2.8점이었다. 시스템 설치 시 고려사항 및 건의사항에 대하여 고가의 장비를 효율적으로 사용하기 위하여 젖소의 유방과 유두 배열이 적합하도록 젖소를 선발하는 것, 시스템을 운용할 수 있는 능력, 적합한 환경, 재정적 능력과 부지 확보, 지속적인 관찰 등이 권장되어야 할 것으로 나타났으며, 설치 업체에 대해서는 컨설팅이 체계화될 필요가 가장 높게 나타났으며 이어서 보다 저렴한 설치와 서비스의 체계화를 요구하는 결과를 보였다. The present survey was conducted to provide basic information on automatic milking system (AMS) in relation to purchase motive, milk yield and quality, customer satisfaction, difficulties of operation and customer suggestions, etc. Purchase motives of AMS were insufficient labor (44%), planning of dairy experience farm (25%), better performance of high yield cows (19%) and others (6%), respectively. Average cow performance after using AMS was 30.9l/d for milk yield, 3.9% for milk fat, 9,100/ml for bacterial counts. Sixty-eight percentage of respondents were very positive in response to AMS use for their successors but 18% were negative. The AMS operators were owner (44%), successor (44%), wife (6%) and company worker (6%), respectively. The most difficulty (31%) in using AMS was operating the system and complicated program manual. The rate of response to system error and breakdown was 25%. The reasons for culling cow after using AMS were mastitis (28%), reproduction failure (19%), incorrect teat placement (12%), metabolic disease (7%) and others (14%), respectively. Fifty-six percentages of the respondents made AMS maintenance contract and 44% did not. Average annual cost of the maintenance contract was 6,580,000 won. Average score for AMS satisfaction measurement (1 to 5 range) was 3.2 with decrease of labor cost 3.7, company A/S 3.6, increase of milk yield 3.2 and decrease of somatic cell count 2.8, respectively. Suggestions for the higher efficiency in using AMS were selecting cows with correct udder shape and teat placement, proper environment, capital and land, and attitude for continuous observation. Systematic consulting was highly required for AMS companies followed by low cost for AMS setup and systematization of A/S.

A prospective association between dietary mushroom intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study–Cardiovascular Disease Association Study

Yu-Mi Kim(Yu-Mi Kim),Hye Won Woo(Hye Won Woo),Min-Ho Shin(Min-Ho Shin),Sang Baek Koh(Sang Baek Koh),Hyeon Chang Kim(Hyeon Chang Kim),Mi Kyung Kim(Mi Kyung Kim) 한국역학회 2024 Epidemiology and Health Vol.46 No.-

Comparison of Series Resistance and Mobility Degradation Extracted from n- and p-Type Si-Nanowire Field Effect Transistors Using the<i>Y</i>-Function Technique

Baek, Rock-Hyun,Baek, Chang-Ki,Jung, Sung-Woo,Yeoh, Yun Young,Kim, Dong-Won,Lee, Jeong-Soo,Kim, Dae M.,Jeong, Yoon-Ha IOP Publishing 2010 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.49 No.4

The plant CDF family member TgMTP1 from the Ni/Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi goesingense acts to enhance efflux of Zn at the plasma membrane when expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Kim, Dong-giun,Jeffery L Gustin,Brett Lahner,Michael W. Persans,Baek, Dong-won,Yun, Dae-Jin,David E. Salt Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-

To avoid metal toxicity, organisms have evolved mechanisms including efflux of metal ions from cells and sequestration into internal cellular compartments. Members of the ubiquitous cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family are known to play an important role in these processes. Overexpression of the plant CDF family member metal tolerance protein 1 (MTP1) from the Ni/Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi goesingense (TgMTP1), in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Δ zinc resistance conferring (zrc)1Δ cobalt transporter (cot)1 double mutant, suppressed the Zn sensitivity of this strain. T. goesingense was found to contain several allelic variants of TgMTP1, all of which confer similar resistance to Zn in Δzrc1Δcot1. similarly, MTP1 from various hyperaccumulator and non-accumulator species also confer similar resistance to Zn. Δzrc1Δcot1 lacks the ability to accumulate Zn in the vacuole and has lower accumulation of Zn after either long- or short-term Zn exposure. Expression of TgMTP1 in Δzrc1Δcot1 leads to further lowering of Zn accumulation and an increase in Zn efflux from the cells. Expression of TgMTP1 in a V-type ATPase-deficient S. cerevisiae strain also confers increased Zn resistance. in vivo and in vitro immunological staining of hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged TgMTP1::HA reveals the protein to be localized in both the S. cerevisiae vacuolar and plasma membrane Zn efflux, acting to confer Zn resistance independent of the vacuole in S. cerevisiae. Transient expression in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts also reveals that TgMTP1::green fluorescent protein (GFP) is localized at the plasma membrane, suggesting that TgMTP1 may also enhance Zn efflux in plants.

A New Easter-type Serine Protease Cleaves a Masquerade-like Protein during Prophenoloxidase Activation in Holotrichia diomphalia Larvae

Kim, Moon Suk,Baek, Min Ji,Lee, Mi Hee,Park, Ji Won,Lee, So Young,So¨derha¨ll, Kenneth,Lee, Bok Luel 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2002 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.18 No.-

The prophenoloxidase (proPO) activation pathway, like the vertebrate complement system, consists of a protease cascade and functions as a non-self-recognition system in these animals. Determining the molecular mechanism by which pattern recognition molecules differentiate non-self from self and transduce signals that stimulate defense responses is a key for understanding the ways in which innate immune systems are regulated. However, the proPO system is poorly defined at the molecular level. The proPO system is poorly defined at the molecular level. The proPO-activating system of the insect Holotrichia diomphalia comprises several components, some of which have been cloned and characterized, such as the novel 27-kDa proPO-activating factor-Ⅲ (PPAF-Ⅲ) from the plasma of H. diomphalia larvae and two prophenoloxidases. The PPAF-Ⅲ gene encodes an easter-type serine protease zymogen consisting of 351 amino acid residues with a mass of 40 kDa. The purified 27-kDa PPAF-Ⅲ specifically cleaved a 55-kDa proPPAF-Ⅱ to generate a 45-kDa PPAF-Ⅱ with or without Ca^2+ present. Furthermore, two Holotrichia prophenoloxidases (proPO-Ⅰ and -Ⅱ) have been characterized, and their structural changes during activation were examined by in vitro reconstitution experiments. When the proPOs were incubated with PPAF-Ⅰ, the 79-kDa proPOs were converted to 76-kDa proPOs, which did not exhibit any phenoloxidase (PO) activity. However, when the proPOs were incubated simultaneously with PPAF-Ⅰ, proPPAF-Ⅱ, and PPAF-Ⅲ in the presence of Ca^2+, a 60-kDa protein (PO-1) with PO activity was detected in addition to the 76-kDa proPO-Ⅱprotein. These POs to enzymatically active phenoloxidase is accomplished by PPAF-Ⅰ, PAF-Ⅱ, and PPAF-Ⅲ through a two-step limited proteolysis in the presence of Ca^2+.

Functional Neuroanatomy Associated with Natural and Urban Scenic Views in the Human Brain: 3.0T Functional MR Imaging

Kim, Gwang-Won,Jeong, Gwang-Woo,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Baek, Han-Su,Oh, Seok-Kyun,Kang, Heoung-Keun,Lee, Sam-Gyu,Kim, Yoon Soo,Song, Jin-Kyu The Korean Society of Radiology 2010 KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol.11 No.5

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>By using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique we assessed brain activation patterns while subjects were viewing the living environments representing natural and urban scenery.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>A total of 28 healthy right-handed subjects underwent an fMRI on a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. The stimulation paradigm consisted of three times the rest condition and two times the activation condition, each of which lasted for 30 and 120 seconds, respectively. During the activation period, each subject viewed natural and urban scenery, respectively.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The predominant brain activation areas observed following exposure to natural scenic views in contrast with urban views included the superior and middle frontal gyri, superior parietal gyrus, precuneus, basal ganglia, superior occipital gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and insula. On the other hand, the predominant brain activation areas following exposure to urban scenic views in contrast with natural scenes included the middle and inferior occipital gyri, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, anterior temporal pole, and inferior frontal gyrus.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our findings support the idea that the differential functional neuroanatomies for each scenic view are presumably related with subjects' emotional responses to the natural and urban environment, and thus the differential functional neuroanatomy can be utilized as a neural index for the evaluation of friendliness in ecological housing.</P>

Reactive Oxygen Species, NF-кB and Prostanoid in the Aging Process

Kim, You Jung,Chung, Hae Young,Im, Young Keun,Baek, Bong Sook,Kim, Jung Won,Shim, Kyung Hee,Kim, Hyon Jeen 동국대학교 의학연구소 1999 東國醫學 Vol.6 No.-

국 문 초 록 진핵세포에 있어서의 유전자 발현은 전사조절인자에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 총설에서는 전사 인자인 NF-κB의 redox regulation과 glucocorticoid에 의한 조절에 대해 논하고자 한다. 또한 NF-κB를 통한 COX pathway에 있어서 노화의 영향에 대해 논하고자 한다. NF-κB binding activity를 electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA)로 측정한 결과, 노화된 흰쥐에 있어서 NF- κB binding activity는 상당히 증가하였고, 이러한 증가는 COX-2 mRNA와 protein level에도 나 타났으며, 또한 ROS 생성과도 일치하는 결과이다. 즉, NF-κB activation, ROS 생성, COX activity 등과 같이, COX-mediated process 모두 나이에 따라 증가된 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과 로서, ROS가 NF-κB를 통해 COX-2를 유도하였고, 이는 또한 노화과정에서 계속 증폭될 가능성 이 시사되었다. 이러한 ROS reaction은 cellular damage와 노화과정에서의 기능적 저하에 있어 중 요한 작용을 하리라 생각된다. Abstract Gene expression in eukaryotic cells is governed by nuclear transcription factors. This review will focus on the redox regulation of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) and its modulation by glucocorticoid. We will also discuss the effect of age on the regulation of COX pathway via NF-κB with our several data. The age-related changes of NF-κB were examined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). The binding activity of NF-κB in aged rat was significantly increased with the corresponding increase in COX-2 mRNA and protein levels. These increases were closely parallel to the increased ROS generation and gene expression of COX-2. The COX activity shown by NF-κB activation and the ROS generation by COX-mediated process were all enhanced with age. These observation suggest that ROS might induce COX-2 via NF-κB related to inflammation, which is induced and amplified in the aging process. These ROS reactions appears to play an important role in cellular damage and functional degeneration during aging.

Gene Expression of Cyclooxygenase in the Aging Heart

Kim, Jung Won,Baek, Bong Sook,Kim, Yun Kyung,Herlihy, Jeremiah T.,Ikeno, Yuji,Yu, Byung Pal,Chung, Hae Young 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2001 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.17 No.-

Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the prostaglandin synthetic pathway. Two isoforms of COX have been identified: a constitutive COX-1 and an inducible COX-2, which is activated in response to various stimuli. We investigated the changes of COX-1 and COX-2 in rat heart during aging. We measured the age-related changes in the mRNA and protein levels of COX by using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. COX-2 mRNA and protein levels increased with age, whereas those of COX-1 showed no change. The COX activity determined by prostaglandin E_2 production increased with age. Because the COX-catalyzed arachidonate cascade is an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, changes in ROS generation and lipid peroxidation were also assessed. The amount of ROS generated by the COX pathway increased with age, as did the total ROS generation and lipid peroxidation. These results show that COX-2 activity increases with age, partially because of elevated transcriptional expression and protein content, and they sugest that increased COX-2 can play a roly in oxidative alterations in the aged heart.