An Understanding of the God of the Sufferers and Suggestions for Caring

( Sooyoung Sue Kim ) 한국목회상담학회 2016 목회와 상담 Vol.26 No.-

이 논문은 폭력과 악용된 힘을 억울하게 겪으면서 고통을 받는 사람들이 하나님을 어떻게 이해하는지 고찰해봄으로써 피해자들에 대한 돌봄과 치유가 어떠해야 하는가를 살펴보고자 한다. 개인 인터뷰를 통해 수록된 한 여성의 이야기는 얼릴 때 가정에서 육체적이며 정서적 폭력을 경험했고 성장기 이후엔 영적 폭력에 시달렸던 피해자가 고통 중에서 하나님을 어떻게 이해하며 왜 하나님을 비난하려는지 그의 심리적 상태를 보여준다. 폭력과 악용된 힘의 피해자들, 특히 기독교인으로서 이런 고난을 경험한 피해자들은 자인하고 정의롭지 않은 하나님, 전지전능 하면서도 부정의와 폭력을 이 땅에 그리고 자신들의 삶에 허용한 하나님을 경험한다. 성경에 등장하는 욥의 이야기 역시 이유 없는 고난을 받는 욥이 하나님을 이해하려는 갈등과 투쟁의 결과를 보여준다. 예기치 않은 재난을 겪었고, 가족과 친구, 그리고 사회로부터 범죄자라는 냉소와 멸시를 받게 된 욥은 의인이 부당하게 겪는 고통 속에서 하나님을 갈망했고, 하나님의 무관심과 잔인함을 성토했다. 전통적인 기독교 신앙 속의 저지전능 한 하나님은 세상에 만연한 악과 그로 인한 인간의 고통 앞에 종종 이해할 수 없는 분으로 경험된다. 특히 피해자들의 이런 딜레마를 해결하는 것은 목회적 돌봄과 교회 사역에 필요하며, 필자는 이 딜레마의 해결을 위해선 하나님을 이해하는 핵심인 힘의 근본적 의미를 정복하고 지배하는 힘이 아니라 사랑과 설득의 힘으로 바꾸어야 한도고 제안한다. 따라서 이 논문의 주된 논지는 폭력과 힘의 악용을 경험한 피해자들을 돌보고 이들의 치유를 위한 중요한 부분으로 하나님에 대한 재이해를 해야 한다는 것이다. 전통적 교회나 신앙인들은 하나님을 비난하거나 하나님에 대한 반항과 저항을 저지하는 경향이 있고, 같은 입장에서 피해자들이 하나님을 대적하는 것이 바르지 않다고 가르친다. 피해자들이 당하는 고난은 자신의 잘못과 죄로 비롯되었다는 생각은 피해자들에게 또 다른 폭력이 된다. 그러므로 억압과 폭력의 현장에서 하나님과 씨름하려는 절규와 몸부림을 제한하는 것은 오히려 피해자들에게 권위적이며 폭력적인 하나님의 이미지에서 자유롭지 못하게 한다. 하나님의 크고 위대하심은 인간이 겪는 딜레마 속에서 억압 없이 하나님을 탐구하고 하나님에 대하여 질문하는 과정을 통해 얻게 되는, 고통의 결과이다. 필자는 피해자들의 하나님에 대해 좌절하고 비난하는 과정이 목회적 상담과 돌봄의 현장에서 받아들여지고 치유의 일환으로 환영되어야 한다고 제안한다. 그럴 때 피해자들은 하나님에 대한 인식의 전환을 이룰 기회를 갖게 되면, 사랑과 정의의 하나님을 재경험 할 수 있는 치유의 과정을 시작할 수 있게 된다. In this paper, I examine the understanding of God among sufferers who experience undeserved abuse and violence. The research provides informal individual interviews with Kim, a survivor of physical and spiritual abuse; the interviews show how victims understand God and why they tend to blame God. In the midst of agony, victims of abuse and violence, especially those who have Christian faith, experience a brutal and unjust God, the One with almighty power who has allowed violence in their lives. The stories of Kim and Job in the Bible, both of whom experience calamities and violent accusations from the community, reveal that, in the traditional Christian faith, the omnipotent image of God often appears to victims of abuse as being rigid, indifferent, and even violent. An omnipotent God, therefore, needs to answer human suffering with the state of evil and evildoers. To solve the dilemma in the context of pastoral care and church ministry, I suggest changing the core meaning of power from control to loving and persuasion. My main argument is that re-understanding God is the crucial part of care and recovery for victims of abuse and violence. People with traditional belief, however, often prohibit the victims from blaming God and teach them not be rebellious against God. Often, they believe that the victims’ sufferings result from their sin; thus, their advice turns into another act of violence to the victims. Prohibiting free exploration of God in abusive human life only contributes to the image of an authoritative and violent God. The greatness of God can be revealed in the circumstance where humans freely examine and question God in reflection on their suffering. I suggest that victims blaming God should be accepted and welcomed in pastoral caring and ministry. It helps victims reunderstand the God of love and justice to lead them to an epistemological shift toward the meaning of who they are and, consequently, helps them recover from their agony.

Clinical Manifestations and Genotype of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Diagnosed in Korea: Multicenter Study

Kim Minji,Lee Mi-Hee,Hong Soo-Jong,Yu Jinho,Cho Joongbum,서동인,Kim Hyung Young,Kim Hye-Young,Jung Sungsu,Lee Eun,Lee Sooyoung,Jeong Kyunguk,Shim Jung Yeon,Kim Jeong Hee,Chung Hai Lee,Jang Yoon Young,Kwo 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.6

Purpose: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder that leads to secondary ciliary dysfunction. PCD is a rare disease, and data on it are limited in Korea. This study systematically evaluated the clinical symptoms, diagnostic characteristics, and treatment modalities of pediatric PCD in Korea. Methods: This Korean nationwide, multicenter study, conducted between January 2000 and August 2022, reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with PCD. Prospective studies have been added to determine whether additional genetic testing is warranted in some patients. Results: Overall, 41 patients were diagnosed with PCD in 15 medical institutions. The mean age at diagnosis was 11.8 ± 5.4 years (range: 0.5 months-18.9 years). Most patients (40/41) were born full term, 15 (36.6%) had neonatal respiratory symptoms, and 12 (29.3%) had a history of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. The most common complaint (58.5%) was chronic nasal symptoms. Thirty-three patients were diagnosed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and 12 patients by genetic studies. TEM mostly identified outer dynein arm defects (alone or combined with inner dynein arm defects, n = 17). The genes with the highest mutation rates were DNAH5 (3 cases) and DNAAF1 (3 cases). Rare genotypes (RPGR, HYDIN, NME5) were found as well. Chest computed tomography revealed bronchiectasis in 33 out of 41 patients. Among them, 15 patients had a PrImary CiliAry DyskinesiA Rule score of over 5 points. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first multicenter study to report the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and genotypes of PCD in Korea. These results can be used as basic data for further PCD research.

SNR estimation of M-ary PSK Signal

Sooyoung Kim,Jae Moung Kim,Yun-Jeong Song,Young-Wan Kim 대한전자공학회 2005 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2005 No.4

멀티 클라우드 서비스 공통 플랫폼 설계 및 구현

김수영(Sooyoung Kim),김병섭(Byoungseob Kim),손석호(Seokho Son),서지훈(Jihoon Seo),김윤곤(Yunkon Kim),강동재(Dongjae Kang) 한국멀티미디어학회 2021 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

[클라우드 컴퓨팅] 퓨즈 기반 pNFS 지원 메타데이터 서버

김수영(SooYoung Kim),김홍연(HongYeon Kim),김영균(YoungKyun Kim) 한국정보과학회 2013 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.19 No.3

네트워크 환경에서 가장 범용적으로 사용되는 파일시스템인 NFS는 클라이언트 수가 증가할수록 I/O 병목 현상이 심각하게 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위해 클라이언트가 직접 데이터 서버에 연결하여 I/O 처리를 병렬화한 NFS 버전 4.1 표준(RFC 5661)이 제정되었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 pNFS를 지원하는 메타데이터 서버(MDS)를 사용자 영역에서 손쉽게 개발할 수 있도록 FUSE를 활용하는 방안을 제시하고 커널 기반 pNFS 지원 메타데이터 서버(pnfsd-lexp)와의 성능을 비교하였다. In network environment, one of the best used file system is the NFS(network file system). However if number of clients is increased, there is I/O bottleneck in the NFS server. To solve this problem, NFS protocol version 4.1 is proposed (RFC 5661). In the protocol, clients can directly connect and process I/O requests in parallel to some data servers, that is pNFS(Parallel NFS). In this paper, we propose methods to develop the metadata server(MDS) supporting pNFS in user space by using FUSE and compare it with kernel-level metadata server (pnfsd-lexp).

The Clinical Characteristics of Acute Diverticulitis according to Disease Location in Korea

( Jae Hak Kim ),( Jae Hee Cheon ),( Byung Chang Kim ),( Sooyoung Park ),( Jaeyong Han ),( Sang Kil Lee ),( Tae Il Kim ),( Won Ho Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2006 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2006 No.-

Postmortem mRNA Expression Patterns in Left Ventricular Myocardial Tissues and Their Implications for Forensic Diagnosis of Sudden Cardiac Death

Son, Gi Hoon,Park, Seong Hwan,Kim, Yunmi,Kim, Ji Yeon,Kim, Jin Wook,Chung, Sooyoung,Kim, Yu-Hoon,Kim, Hyun,Hwang, Juck-Joon,Seo, Joong-Seok Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.3

Sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is primarily caused by lethal heart disorders resulting in structural and arrhythmogenic abnormalities, is one of the prevalent modes of death in most developed countries. Myocardial ischemia, mainly due to coronary artery disease, is the most common type of heart disease leading to SCD. However, postmortem diagnosis of SCD is frequently complicated by obscure histological evidence. Here, we show that certain mRNA species, namely those encoding hemoglobin A1/2 and B (Hba1/2 and Hbb, respectively) as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4), exhibit distinct postmortem expression patterns in the left ventricular free wall of SCD subjects when compared with their expression patterns in the corresponding tissues from control subjects with non-cardiac causes of death. Hba1/2 and Hbb mRNA expression levels were higher in ischemic SCD cases with acute myocardial infarction or ischemic heart disease without recent infarction, and even in cardiac death subjects without apparent pathological signs of heart injuries, than control subjects. By contrast, Pdk4 mRNA was expressed at lower levels in SCD subjects. In conclusion, we found that altered myocardial Hba1/2, Hbb, and Pdk4 mRNA expression patterns can be employed as molecular signatures of fatal cardiac dysfunction to forensically implicate SCD as the primary cause of death.

Does Gender Still Matter?: The Usage and Acceptance of Smartphones for Learning in Higher Education

Sooyoung Kim(김수영),Teresa Pyon(테레사편),Sun Joo Yoo(유선주) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.20

본 연구의 목적은 고등교육을 받고 있는 학생들이 스마트폰을 어떻게 사용하고 있는지를 고찰하고, 학생들의 성별에 따라 스마트폰을 학습적 목적으로 수용하는 정도에 차이가 있는지를 밝히는 데 있다. 2012년 12월에서 2013년 1월 동안 4주에 걸쳐 총 164명의 대학생과 대학원생을 대상으로 실시한 설문 결과로 밝혀낸 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등교육기관 소속 학생들은 주로 정보 검색, 메신저 사용, 채팅과 소셜 네트워킹 활용을 위해 스마트폰을 사용하고 있다. 둘째, 성별에 따라 스마트폰을 활용하는 목적에는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 셋째, 스마트폰의 수용 정도를 목적 기대, 노력 기대, 촉진 조건과 불안감 수준에 따라 분석한 결과, 여학생들은 스마트폰 활용에 있어 남학생들보다 촉진 조건은 낮고 불안감은 높게 나타난다. 이 연구결과는 여학생들이 스마트폰과 같은 모바일 기기 사용에 대한 불안감을 낮추어 자신감을 가지고 활용할 수 있도록 교수자들이 효과적인 학습전략 및 방안을 마련하여 적용할 것을 제안한다. The purpose of this study is to examine how students in higher education are using smartphones and to investigate gender difference in students’ acceptance level toward smartphones for learning. Data were collected from 164 undergraduate and graduate students in South Korea between December 2012 and January, 2013. The findings show that students in higher education are using smartphones mostly in order to search the Internet, chat/use mobile messenger, and use Social Networking Sites (SNS). There is no gender difference regarding the purposes for using smartphones. However, the findings show that female students have lower facilitating conditions and higher anxiety than male when using smartphones for learning. These findings suggest that educators should develop learning strategies that can help female students to be more exposed to mobile technology such as smartphones and help them feel more confident in using mobile technology in and out of classroom.

Exploring the Formation of Galaxies through Metallicities of Globular Clusters

Sooyoung Kim 한국천문학회 2013 天文學會報 Vol.38 No.2

Evaluation of Cooperative Diversity Techniques Using STC for Future S-DMB Services

KIM, Sooyoung,PARK, Unhee,KIM, Hee-Wook,AHN, Do-Seob The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.92 No.11

<P>This paper presents an evaluation of various cooperative diversity techniques applied to future satellite digital multimedia broadcasting (S-DMB) systems. The increasing importance of hybrid and/or integrated satellite and terrestrial networks is associated with the utilization of spatial diversity techniques such as antenna diversity using space-time coding. The space-time coding schemes can be expected to result in more diversity gain as the number of transmit antennas are increased. However, we cannot design a rate-1 scheme that achieves full diversity for more than two transmit antennas. To overcome this limitation, quasi-orthogonal schemes were proposed, at the expense of the decoder complexity and diversity gain. In this paper, we introduce an efficient quasi-orthogonal space time coding scheme, and evaluate various aspects associated with the application of the proposed scheme to satellite systems. The proposed scheme in this paper provides the full rate as well as maximum-likelihood decoding via simple linear detection.</P>