김천대학 사회교육 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

고정환 ; 윤옥현 ; 박홍기 ; 전기환 ; 김상민 ; 김학민 ; 박희룡 김천대학교 1999 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.20 No.-

The social education that is provided for the people will be an important part of the national growth in the 21 century. This study was taken to present the desirable direction that Kimcheon College Continuing Education has to make progress as a central organization with perceiving the importance of continuing education for the Kimcheon citizen. To achieve the objective of the study, examined a sample of 592 citizen and students from Kimcheon City and Kimcheon College. The survey revealed the following results : 1. Offer the effective operation of education policies and curriculums. 2. Perform the role of foreign language education center. 3. Introduce the saving credit system. 4. Operate the special lectures for the students of the high school graduating class after the national scholastic achievement test for university and college entrance. 5. Suppert the special skills education for high school students after-school hours. 6. Administer the new employment program. These results showed the desirable direction that the Kimcheon College Continuing Education has to take some actions for the Kimcheon citizen.

법랑질 접착에 대한 습윤 효과

고근호,조영곤,진철희,유상훈,김종욱,박병철,기영재,최희영,김종진 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3

This study evaluated the microleakage and interfacial gap between enamel and composite resin under the dry and wet condition of the enamel surface, V shaped class 5 cavities were prepared on the occlusal portion of extracted human molars. Samples were divided into three groups: D group (air dry for 10-15s), BD group (blot dry with moist cotton pellet), and DR group (air dry for 10-15s and rewet with Aqua-Prep F for 20s). Cavities were filled using Aelitefil composite resin after applied One-Step. Microleakage was tested by 2% methylene blue dye solution and the data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Also Enamel-resin interface was observed under SEM. Group BD showed statistically lower microleakage than group D (p〈0.05). but there was no statistically significant difference between group BD and DR (p)0.05). At the enamel-resin interface, group D showed the gap of 2 ㎛ thickness, but group BD and DR showed close adaptation. In conclusion, the use of blot dry and rewetting agent (Aqua-Prep F) resulted in decreased microleakage and improved adhesion between enamel and resin when using One-Step.

섬유질 가수분해물로부터 효율적인 Ethanol 생산균주의 분리

고학룡,문종상,심기환,성낙계 한국산업미생물학회 1991 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.19 No.4

섬유성 가수분해물로부터 효율적으로 ethanol을 생산하는 세 가지 균주를 밀기울 당화액에서의 집적 배양에 의해 토양에서 분리하였다. 효모인 KM-09와 KM-402 및 세균인 HG-225의 생리학적 및 생화학적 특성은 각각 Candida sp. 및 Klebsiella sp.과 거의 유사하였다. KM-09와 HG-225 균주는 발효당으로 xylose와 cellobiose를 이용하였고 HG-225는 발효시 넓은 당 이용성을 가졌다. KM-09, KM-402 및 HG-225의 최적 생육 pH 및 온도는 각각 5.8, 5.6 및 6.8 그리고 32℃, 30℃ 및 38℃였다. 분리균에 의한 밀기울 당화액에서 ethanol 발효 동안 최대 ethanol 생산온도는 최적생육온도보다 다소 높았으며, 0.2% MgSO_4의 첨가는 ethanol 생산성을 향상시켰다. 세 가지 균주 중 KM-09의 ethanol 함량이 약 2.3%(v/v)로서 가장 높았고 HG-225의 ethanol 생산속도가 가장 빨랐으며 이때 최대 생산성은 배양 4일 후였다. KM-09와 HG-225는 4%(w/v) xylose로부터 각각 1.42 및 1.05%(v/v)의 ethanol을 생산하였으나 균 증식속도는 glucose에 비해 매우 느린 것으로 나타났다. 한편, KM-402는 glucose에서는 가장 ethanol 생산성이 좋았으나 xylose 및 cellobiose에서는 생산하지 못하였다. There strains able to efficiently produce ethanol from cellulosic hydrolysates were isolated from soil samples by enrichment culture in liquid saccharified wheat bran medium. The profiles of physiological and biochemical properties of two yeasts KM-09 and KM-402 and a bacterium Hg-225 were almost identical from those of Candida sp. and Klebsiella sp., respectively. Strains KM-09 and HG-225 used xylose and cellobiose as fermentable sugars, and HG-225 had a wide range of sugar utilization for ethanol fermentation. The optimal pH and temperature for growth of KM-09, KM-402 and HG-225 were 5.8, 5.6 and 6.8 and 32℃, 30℃ and 38℃, respectively. During the ethanol fermentation in saccharified wheat bran by the isolated strains, optimal temperature for ethanol production was more or less higher than those for growth, and addition of 0.2%(w/v) MgSO_4 into the medium enhanced ethanol productivity. Of the three strains ethanol content of KM-09 was the highest with about 2.3%(v/v), and ethanol production rate of HG-225 was faster than the others and maximum productivity was after 4 days. KM-09 (1.42%, v/v) and HG-225 (1.05%, v/v) produced ethanol from 4%(w/v) xylose but growth rate was slower than on glucose. Otherwise KM-402 showed the highest ethanol productivity on glucose, but no ethanol was detected on xylose and cellobiose.

Swivel joint를 이용한 비대칭 발치증례의 교정적 공간폐쇄

고창희,임성훈,김광원,정동기,김도영,박선주,양용근 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 口腔生物學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

Extraction therapy is popular treatment protocol in orthodontics. Generally, symmetric premolar extraction is performed. But, in some cases, asymmetric extraction is required to solve asymmetric dental alignment. But asymmetric extraction treatment has side effects and disadvantages like a) collapse of dental arch form. b) canting of occlusal plane, c) extended treatment duration. For a good treatment result, we applied the orthodontic space closing arch wire with swivel joint to allow rotational movement of arch wire segments during space closure, Now we present a case treated with orthodontic space closing arch wire with swivel joint.

Ki-67 Expression Gives Additional Prognostic Information on St. Gallen 2007 and Adjuvant! Online Risk Categories in Early Breast Cancer

Jung, So-Youn,Han, Wonshik,Lee, Jong Won,Ko, Eunyoung,Kim, Eunkyu,Yu, Jong-Han,Moon, Hyeong-Gon,Park, In Ae,Oh, Do-Youn,Im, Seock-Ah,Kim, Tae-You,Hwang, Ki-Tae,Kim, Sung-Won,Noh, Dong-Young Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2009 Annals of Surgical Oncology Vol.16 No.5

제2형 당뇨병 동물모델인 OLETF 쥐에서 장기간 라미프릴 투여가 내당능 및 췌도 베타세포에 미치는 효과

고승현,윤건호,김명미,안유배,송기호,유순집,손현식,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:최근 소개된 HOPE(Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation)study의 결과에 의하면, 심혈관질환이나 이에 대한 위험인자가 1가지 이상인 9,541명을 대상으로 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 일종인 라미프릴을 투여하여 사망율과 뇌졸증, 심부전, 당뇨병 합병증이 개선되었을 뿐 아니라 다른 항고혈압제에 비해 새롭게 당뇨병으로 진단되는 환자가 줄었음을 보고한바 있다. 이에 저자들은 라미프릴(ramipril)을 제2형 당뇨병 동물모델에 장기간 투여함으로써 당뇨병을 예방하거나 고혈당 상태 또는 인슐린 감수성을 개선시킬수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:생후 24주된 체중 400∼450g의 OLETF와 LETO 쥐를 대상으로 6개월간 라미프릴 경구투여 하였고 혈압, 24시간 단백뇨 및 인슐린 내성검사를 시행하였다. 6개월 이후로는 8주간 투여군과 대조군의 체중을 비슷하게 맞추어 내당능 상태를 평가하였고 이후 다시 8주간 고농도 포도당을 투여하였다. 경구당부하검사를 시행한 후 희생시켜 조직표본을 만들어 guinea pig anti­human insulin 항체로 염색후 DAB로 발색하여 point count 법으로 베타세포를 정량하였고, 면역염색으로 췌도의 변화와 섬유화의 정도를 관찰하였다. 결과:라미프릴을 6개월간 투여하였을 때 OLETF 쥐에서 1)체중 증가가 적었으며 2)경구 당부하검사시 포도당하 면적은 의미있게 감소하였고 3)인슐린 내성검사상 Kitt가 증가되는 경향을 보였으며 4)수축기, 이완기 혈압과 24시간 단백뇨양이 의미있게 감소하였고 5)체중을 맞추면 내당능 상태가 비슷해졌다가 고농도 포도당 주입시 다시 포도당하 면적이 대조군에서 더 증가되었다. 라미프릴 투여군에서 췌도변형 및 파괴와 탈과립, 췌도내 섬유화가 감소하였다. 결론:본 실험에서는 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 동물 모델인 OLETF 쥐에서 당뇨병 발생 이전 단계부터 장기간 라미프릴을 투여할 경우 체중증가가 적었고, 투여군과 대조군의 체중을 맞추었을 때는 내당능상태의 차이가 없아가 고혈당 투여시 다시 투여군과 대조군에서 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 라미프릴 투여가 베타세포의 기능면에서 이로운 효과를 보일 것으로 생각되었다. 따라서 비만한 환자에서 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기투여는 단백뇨 감소, 혈압강하 효과 이외에 체중증가의 억제 및 당뇨병 발생을 억제할 가능성을 시사한다. Background : In a Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOPE study, ramipril, a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, significantly reduced the death rates the number of myocardial infarctions, strokes, heart failure as well as the risk of complications related to diabetes and of diabetes itself. However, it is known that ACE inhibitors improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity or reduce the incidence of diabetes. Methods : 24 week-old OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats weighing 400 ~ 450 g were used in this study. 4 groups of rats were examined in parallel for 40 weeks. The OLETF rats were randomized for treatment with an aqueous solution of ramipril (5 mg/Kg) daily [OL (RMP), n=10)] and with saline [OL (CON), n=10)]. The LETO rats were also randomized in the same was as the OLETF rats (LT(RMP), n=10, LT (CON), n=10). The blood glucose level, body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was assessed every month. At 3 and 6 months, the 24hrs urinary protein concentration was measured, and as insulin tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test were conducted in all experimental groups. After 6 months, the body·weight was matched for 2 months in each corresponding group. Subsequently, a 15% sucrose loading was done for 2 months. After the glucose tolerance test, the pancreas was excised and immuno histochemical staining was conducted for insulin to quantify the beta cell mass by a point-counting method. In addition, the islet morphology was evaluated in the pancreas. Results : Ramipril treatment for a period of 6 months improved the 2hr blood glucose level, the area under the glucose curve in the oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity in addition to lowering significantly systolic and diastolic blood pressure and 24hrs urinary protein level significantly in OLETF rats. Of note, a lower weight gain was observed in both the ramipril-treated animals at 6 months. After weight matching, the AUC g and 2hr blood glucose level values were similar between the corresponding groups, but a 15% sucrose loading worsened the AUC g value. Histologically, the islets were less disorganized and the extent of fibrosis was lower in the ramipril-treated OLETF rats in the trichrome stain. Conclusion : Long-term treatment of ramipril, a long acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor may be useful for suppressing weight gain and proteinuria in addition to having a protective effect on the islet to harmful stimuli such as hyperglycemia (J Kor Diabetes Asso 25:469~482, 2001).

싸이클 경기에서의 타임 트라이얼 성적과 크리티컬 파워와의 관련성 분석

고영완,신대철,류기성,강은균 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not critical power of first class cyclists is proper as index for checking aerobic ability and also to review its relationship with outcome of time trial. Fourteen first class cyclists participated in this experiment. In the laboratories their own new record of 40 ㎞ time trial (60.4 +/- 1.9 minutes) during the season and time trial record of 17 ㎞ were measured. Maximum oxygen consumption amount and aentilatory threshold value were obtained from exercise under maximum gradual load. Critical power was calculated from hours of continuous exercise obtained from 4 kinds of load. Value of critical power, aentilatory threshold value and volume of maximum oxygen consumption were respectively 300 +/- 24W, 3623+/-440mℓ/min. and 4612+/- 236mℓ/min, and on the basis of body weight it was 4.2M/㎏, 49.5mℓ/㎏/min and 64.7mℓ/㎏/min. Critical power showed high level of relation with maximum volume of oxygen consumption and aentilatory threshold value. It showed that critical power can become an index of aerobic ability of first class cyclists. the interrelationship between critical power and 40 ㎞ and 17 ㎞ time trial record was stronger than that of interrelationship between maximum oxygen absorption volume and aentilatory threshold value and 40 ㎞ and 17 ㎞ time trial. Based on the result mentioned above it could be concluded that critical power enables aerobic ability of first class cyclist in a relatively simple way and also critical power had high level of relationship with result at time trial.

새로운 抗菌劑로서 1-(phenoxymethyl)benzotriazole 誘導體의 合成과 定量的 構造活性關係(QSAR) 分析

成洛道,林治煥,崔宇永,高東成,權奇星 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1992 생물공학연구지 Vol.2 No.-

14종의 새로 합성된 1-(phenoxymethyl)benzotriazole(Ⅰ)(Y=0)과 1-(thiophenoxymethyl)benzotriazole (Ⅱ)(Y=S) 및 1-(azidomethy) benzotriazole(Ⅲ) 유도체의 구조와 in vitro에서 Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami, Valsa ceratosperma 및 Botrytis cinerea에 대한 균사 생장을 50% 저해하는 활성(pI_50)사이의 구조-항균활성 상관관계들을 QSAR방법으로 연구하였다. (Ⅰ)의 항균활성은 (Ⅱ)와 (Ⅲ)보다 우세하였으며 phenoxy group(Ⅰ)의 치환기 효과는 수소 결합성 (HB)과 포물선 관계의 electronic effect(σ), steric effect(B_1) 그리고 hydrophobic effect(π)로 설명된다. P. oryzae와 F. axysporum f. sp. sesami의 항균 활성에 대한 치환기의 적정값은 B_1=1.40A, (H)와 σ=0.07∼0.15, (H)이고 V. ceratosperma와 B. cinerea에 대하여는 각각 σ=0.23∼0.28, (C1)과 π=0.70, (C1)이었으며 가장 효과적인 화합물인 (Ia)와 (Id)의 구조-활성관계가 검토되었다 (1990년 5월 11일 접수, 1990년 9월 20일 수리). The structure-antifungal activity correlations between the structure of fourteen new 1-(phenoxymethyl)benzotriazoles (Ⅰ) (Y=0), 1-(thiophenoxymethyl)benzotriazoles (Ⅱ) (Y=S) and 1-(azidomethy)benzotriazole (Ⅲ) derivatives were synthesized, and their activity, fifty percent inhibition of mycelial growth(pI_50), in vitro against Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp sesami, Valsa ceratosperma and Botrytis cinerea were investigated using a generalized QSAR method. The activity of (Ⅰ) was superior to those of (Ⅱ) and (Ⅲ). The effect of the substituents (Ⅹ) on the phenoxy group (Ⅰ) was rationalized by a parabolic function of electronic (σ), steric (B_1) and hydrophobic parameter(π), and hydrogen bonding (HB). Where the optimal values of substituent on the fungicidal activity againt P. oryzae and F. axysporum f. sp. sesami are B_1=1.40A ; (H) and σ=0.07∼0.15;(H), and those of substituent on the fungicidal activity against V. ceratosperma and B. cinerea are σ=0.23∼0.28; (Cl), π=0.70; (C1), respectively. The most effective compound (Ⅰa) and (Ⅰd) were examined in this study.

A2024-T4 同種材 마찰용접시 업셋압력이 접합특성에 미치는 영향

고봉학,장승수,여상은,민택기 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.17 No.2

The study deal with the strength of weld zone, the effect of upset pressure and microstructure of weld zone which are obtained from the variation of upset pressure in the friction welding A2024-T4 similar materials. The welding conditions was fixed welding condition of rotation speed 1000rpm, friction pressure 150Mpa, friction time 1.0sec and upset time 4.0sec. The upset pressure was variationed from 200Mpa to 320Mpa. The result are summarized as follows: 1. As a result of tensile test, the maximum tensile strength was obtained 503Mpa and it corresponds to about 104% of base metal tensile strength. tensile fracture surfaces appeared deep Dimple in heat affected zone(HAZ) 2. As a result of vickers hardness test, the maximum hardness was obtained 136Hv in friction welding interface and width of heat affected zone(HAZ) appeared 0.2mm. 3. As a result of analyzing th microstructure of weld zone. Me or Mn compounds of friction welding interface come out flash zone by centrifugal force and upset pressure, the microstructure of weld zone is recrystallized.

TRANSPALATAL LINGUAL ARCH에 의한 골내 응력 분포에 관한 광탄성적 연구

고기영,태기출,국윤아,김상철 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.5

본 연구는 TMA wire로 제작된 transpalatal lingual arch에 의한 골내 응력 분포를 파악하기 위하여 양측성 및 편측성 확장을 가하여 이때 발생하는 치아주위조직 응력 분포 양상을 광탄성 응력해석법으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 양측성 확장시 수평 변형만 적용했을 때 탄선끝이 각진 경우 둥근 탄선끝을 적용한 경우보다 응력이 치근단으로 집중되며 회전중심을 의미하는 흑색선이 변화하는 양태를 보였고 수직변형량이 증가되면서 전체적인 응력차수의 증가와 흑색선의 하방 이동 양상을 보였다. 2. 편측성 확장을 위해 수평 변형과 함께 확장측에만 수직 변형을 적용하였을 때 확장력이 확장측으로 편중되는 응력분포를 관찰할 수 있었다. 수직 변형량의 증가시 확장측 구치는 정출하는 응력을 보였고 수평변형량의 증가시 고정측치아도 경사지려는 응력분포가 관찰하였다. 3. 편측 구치의 회전을 개선하기 위해 철사끝을 비대칭적으로 toe-in한 경우 변형량이 적은 구치의 치근단 원심측에 응력분포를 관찰할 수 있었다. 4. 악궁 확장시 철사의 길이를 줄일수록 무늬차수가 증가하는 응력 분포를 보였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution and intensity derived from the transpalatal lingual arch in the investing bone composed of photoelastic material(PL-3). The transpalatal lingual arch wire was deflected in the horizontal and vertical direction to give the various conditions. The two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis was performed, and the stress distrebution was recored by photography. The results were as follows: 1. In bilateral expansion, as horizontal deflection was singly applied, the stress was more concentrated on the root apex in square free end than round. In square free end, as vertical deflection was increased gradually, the black line meaning center of rotation moved inferiorly together with the increment of whole fringes. 2. In application of vertical deflection on anchorage side for unilateral expansion, the stress distribution that expansive force leaned to expansion side was observed. As vertical deflection increased, the extruding stress was observed on molar of expansion side. And as horizontal deflection increased, the tipping stress on the molar of anchorage side was observed. 3. In unilateral rotation with the asymmetric toe-in, the fringe appeared on the distal aspect of root apex.