좌측 관동맥에서 시작된 관동정맥루에 동반된 거대 동맥류 1예

신미승,맹선희,이혜진,조홍근,정의모,신길자 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

심근부종으로 표현된 과호산구증에 동반된 호산구성 심근염 1예

심미승,안영미,조홍근,신길자,정남식,조상호 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.2

금강 수서생태계의 구조와 기능에 관한 연구 : 담수어류

방성자,최신석,홍영표 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The freshwater fish fauna in mid-lower area was investigated from March 1995 to October and its community structure was analyzed. 1. The collected fishes were classified 39 species belonging to 5 subfamilies 12 families, of which 24 species were Cyprinus family. 2. Dominant species was Hemibargus longirostris in March, Mugil cephalus in May, Culter eingenmanni in August, Microphysogobio tuntingensis in October. 3. 9 species of total collected fish were Korea endemic species and subspecies that they were Acheilognathus yamatsutae, Acanthorhodeus gracilis, Gnathopogon strigatus, Squalidus japonicas, Microphysogobio yaluensis, Culter eigenmanni, Cobitis choii, Odontobutis odontobutis interrupta. 4. In investigated stations dominant species was Sarcocheilichthys wakiyae in the site 1, Sualidus japonicas in the site 2, Erythroculter erythropterus in the sit 3, Opsariichthys bidens in the site 4, Culter eingenmani in the site 5, Mugil cephalus in the site 6. 5. In investigated stations protective species was Sarcochilichthys wakiyae, S. curriculus, Acheilognathus rhombea. 6. As a result community analysis, species diversity and species richness were in the highest value in the site 1, community structure was stable. Dominance index was in the highest value in the site 6 because Mugil cephalus was 41% of the total collected species in the same site, and species diversity was in the lowest value.

韓國學生의 姿勢形成 調査硏究

蔡鴻遠,李敏炯,申榮吉,金基學,李秀川,金正子 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1990 체육과학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

In order to study the postures of Korean students, 4,448 students who lives in urban and rural community were participated as subjects and examined by using New York State Posture Rating Test Method with taking photographs. The results were subdivied into postures of body parts, total posture score, leg types, and lateral deviation and analysed as follows. 1. Postures of body parts 1) Head Tilt For elementary and middle school students, the cases of tilted head were shown more frequently in urban than rural and the ratio of the case of the tilted head was increased as grade was higher. On the other hand, high school studends had the opposite tendency. 2) Uneven Shoulder Height For elementary school childs, higher grades had better condition than lower grades, however, for high school students, those in urban had more cases of uneven shoulder than those in rural and girls showed more deviations than boys. 3) Scoliosis Rural childs had more cases of scoliosis than urban childs, but there were no differences of middle and high school students. 4) Uneven Hip Height Urban and rural childs showed some cases of uneven hip which belonged to normal ranges. Middle and high school studedns werw nearly perfect in the hip height, therefore the condition seems to change as they grow older. 5) Pronated Ankles For this part, those in rural showed better conditions than those in ruban in all age groups and, especially high school third grade students were more satisfactory in rural than urban(84% vs 50%) 6) Forward Head Elementary and middle school students appeared to be satisfactory regardless of age, sex and district, however 32% of high school girl students had forward head. 7) Round Shoulders Many students had round shoulders and some of them revealed severe conditions, There were large differences between urban and rural students. 8) Trunk Hyperextension Generally, girls showed better conditions than boys in trunk posture and, for high school boy students, conditions were differed according to their grades. 9) Sagging Abdomen More cases of sagging abdomen were revealed in ruban that rural for elementary girl students(30% vs 14%). For middle and high school students, there were differences between sex, boys showing more cases than girls in middle school and girls in high school. 10) Lordosis There were differences between urban and rural for elementary childs and high school boy students, however no differences were detected in other groups. Mean degrees of lordosis had a tendency of increasing as the age grew. 2. Total Posture Score For elementary childs, both boys and girls showed differences between urban and rural(75.95 vs 70.73, 75.16 vs 82.42), and, in rural girls seems to be more satisfactory than boys in comparison between boys and girls(p<. 001). In middle school group, rural students appeared to be significantly(p<.05) better than urban students for both sex(83.88 vs 81.93, 75.93 vs 75.02) and the result was same for the high school group(86.52 vs 84.03, 80.07 vs 78.10) 3. Leg types For elementary childs, girls revealed more cases of bowlegs and knock-knee than boys(6% vs 8.2%, 20.5% vs 30.3%). In high school group, the girls in rural showed more cases of bowlegs than those in urban(29.7% vs 13.0%) and, the knokc-knee, the result was opposite(19.3% vs 28.4%). 4. Lateral deviation 1) Head Tilt In elementary group, 11% of boys and 6.3% of girls had lateral deviation and, for high school students, 3.6% of boys and 5.4% of girls showed the deviations revealing girls had more cases of deviation than boys. 2) Uneven Shoulder Height 1.8% of elementary boys and 0.5% of girls had uneven shoulder and totally 1.5% of high school students showed uneven shoulder height. 3) Scoliosis 15.5% and 17.4% of elementary boys and 21.6% and 20.7% of girls deviated to right and left respectively. Urban students showed general trends to leftward deviation while rural students showed rightward deviation. 4) Uneven Hip Height In this part of posture, they showed good conditions in all age, sex, and district.

都農地域 靑少年의 姿勢形成 比較分析

蔡鴻遠,李敏炯,申榮吉,金正子 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1988 체육과학연구지 Vol.4 No.-

The objective of this research is to analyze the actual state of juvenile posture formation and defects resulting from the environmental differences between urban and rural areas, and further to suggest the concrete data for the practical posture guidance. Boy and girl students from K junior and D girls' junior high schools of Taegu City and H junior high school of Kyungpook Province are selected as purposive samples. Thus 291 boys and 321 girls from urban and 260 boys and 270 girls from rural areas are sampled to be a total of 1142 boys and girls. As the methods of test, New York State posture Test(NYSPT), bowleg(0-type leg) and knock-knee(x-type leg) tests are used with the aid of photograph. Their results are as follows. 1. The final scores and percentages of NYSPT evaluation of boy students in urban and rural areas are 57.2(58%) and 58.0(60%), respectively, and their achievement scores are 6.3 and 6.8 within normal state. The comparison between urban and scores shows that rural students are in more correct posture with 1% level of significance than urban students. This is statistically meaningful(p<0.01). 2. The final scores and percentages of HYSPT evaluation of girl students i% urban and areas are 59.0(69%) and 60.0(69.3%), respectively, and their achievement scores are 7.0 and 7.2 within normal state. The comparison between urban and rural scores shows statistically meaningless with 5% level of significance(p<0.05). 3. The NYSPT evaluation scores of posture formation between boys and girls in both urban and rural areas shows that girls are in more correct posture than boys with average differences of 3.05 and 2.05, respectively. 4. The NYSPT evaluation according to bodily parts are as follows : In the lateral head deviation, average angles of urban and rural boys are 7.39° and 6.02°, whereas average angles of girls are 6.52° and 6.98°, respectively. All of these are inclined a little to the abnormal ragne. In the low shoulder, average angles of urban and rural boys are 1.44° and 1.33°, and also 1.46° and 1.33° to girls, respectively. All of these are within the normal range. In the scoliosis, the percentage of urban students are higher than the one of rural students. The students in the severe scoliosis are 0.73%%, 8 out of 1142 students. 5. In the average scores about the types of legs, distribution percentages and indices of bowlegs are 27.2%, 3.85 in the urban and 43.2%, 3.75 in the rural boys, respectively. In the girls, they are 20.6%, 3.89 and 29.6%, 3.90, respectively. This shows bowleg is more dominant to the rural students. Distribution percentages and indices of knock-knees are 15.5%, 4.57 and 12.7%, 3.95, respectively, in the urban and rural boys. In the girls, they are 7.17%, 4.0 and 0%, 0 respectively. This shows knock-knee is more dominant to the urban students.

승모판 대치술후에 발생한 좌심실유출로 폐색 1예

김도연,조홍근,정익모,박시훈,박성훈,신길자,정병철 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.1

Thrombolytic Era에서의 급성 심근 경색증의 임상적 고찰 : An Analysis for Cause of Death in the Thrombolytic Era

김승정,박시훈,조홍근,신길자 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1998 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.21 No.2

목적: 급성 심근 경색증에서 혈전용해 치료를 시행하여 관상 동맥의 재관류가 이루어진 경우 뚜렷하게 사망률이 감소된 결과를 보고한 많은 연구들이 있었다. 재관류가 이루어진 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 각각의 사망률이 TIMI-1 trial(1987)에서는 8.1%와 14.8%, TAMI tir-al(1993)에서는 4.5%와 17.5%로 뚜렷한 차이를 보여주었다. 그에 따라 최근에 혈전용해 치료는 급성 심근경색증 환자의 초기 치료에서 가장 중요한 치료방법의 하나로 정착되었다. 그러나 아직까지 심인성 쇽으로 발현한 경우 등에 있어서는 혈전용해치료의 유용성이 인정되고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 급성 심근 경색증 환자들에게서 임상적 경과를 분석하여 환자들의 사망에 관계되는 요소들을 발견하여 치료방법의 개선점을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 1993년 9월부터 1995년 8월까지 이화여자대학교 의과대학 부속 목동병원에 급성 심근 경색증으로 내원하였던 112명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 환자들에 대해서 관상동맥 질환의 위험요인, 심전도 소견, 내원시의 Killip class, 혈전용해제 투여 여부 및 합병증 등에 대해서 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결과: 1) 환자들의 평균연령은 59±11세였고 남녀비는 2.1:1 이었다. 2) 환자들의 내우너 당시의 Killip class는 Ⅰ이 58명(52%), Ⅱ 43명(38%), Ⅲ 7명(6%), Ⅳ가 4명(4%)이었다. 3) 환자들이 흉통의 발현후 병원에 도착하기까지 지연된 평균 시간은 2시간 40분이었고 48%인 54명의 환자에서 흉통 발생후 2시간 이내에 병원에 도착하였다. 4) 심근경색의 부위는 하벽 42명(37.5%), 전벽 24명(21.4%), 전측벽 22명(19.6%), 하후벽 9명(8.0%), 측벽 4명(3.6%), 전하벽 3명(2.7%), 후벽 1명(0.9%), 측후벽 1명(0.9%), 전측하벽 1명(0.9%), 전측후벽 1명(0.9%), 비Q파 경색이 4명(3.6%) 이었다. 5) 총 112명의 환자 중 80명(71%)에서 관상 동맥 조영술을 시행하였다. 평균 좌심실 구혈율은 48±11%였다. 단일 혈관 질환이 49명(61%), 이혈관 질환은 18명(23%), 삼혈관 질환이 7명(8%)이었고 정상 관동맥 조영 소견을 보인 경우가 6명(8%)이 있었다. 6) 환자들의 치료는 보존적인 치료를 받았던 경우가 23명(21%)이었고 80명(71%)에서 혈전용해제 투여를 하였다. 9명(8%)의 환자에서는 응급 경피적 관상동맥 풍선 성형술(direct percutaneous coronary angiop-lasty)을 시행하였다. 7) 심근 경색증의 합병증으로는 심낭 삼출이 9명(8%), 좌심실류가 7명(6%), 심실성 부정맥이 5명(4%)이 있었다. 8) 12명의 환자들이 사망하여 사망율은 10.7%였다. 사망한 환자들의 평균 연령은 67±10세였고 평균 병원 도착 시간 지연은 3시간 30분이었다. 12명중 7명의 환자에서 혈전용해제를 투여하였다. 내원 당시의 환자들의 Killip class는 Ⅰ은 없었고 Ⅱ 6명, Ⅲ 4명, Ⅳ가 2명으로 사망한 환자들과 생존 환자들 사이에 p 값이 0.05이하로 의의있는 차이를 보였던 것은 환자들의 연령 및 내원 당시의 환자의 Killip class였다. 본 연구를 통해 급성 심근 경색증의 사망률이 국내의 다른 보고와 비교해 볼 때 비교적 낮음을 관찰하였다. 이는 환자들의 응급실 도착 시간이 다른 보고에 비해 빨랐으며 이에 따라 혈전용해제 치료를 받은 예가 많았기 때문으로 분석된다. 본 연구에서 급성 심근 경색증 환자들의 사망에 관여한 가장 중요한 인자는 환자들의 연령과 내원 당시의 Killip class이다. 최근과 같이 혈전용해제 투여가 급성 심근 경색증의 치료의 근간이 되고 있는 시점에서 특히 고 위험군의 환자들에게는 혈전용해제 치료 뿐 아니라 다른 치료 방법, 즉 응급 경피적 관상 동맥 풍선 성형술이나 관상동맥 우회술(coronary artery bypass graft)등을 강구해야 할 것이다. Background : Many studies have reported that successful reperfusion with intravenous throm-bolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction(MI) decrease in-hospital and longterm mortality. Therefore thrombolytic therapy is used as an important treatment of early acute myocardial infarction. But the thrombolytic therapy has not been established in the patients representing cardiogenic shock. The purposes of the article are to characterize the clinical findings and to analyze the causes of death in the thrombolytic era, and therefore to improve the treatment modalities. Methods : A retrospective clinical study was done on 112 patients with acute myocardial infarction, who had been admitted to Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital from September 1993 to August 1995. All patients was evaluated for coronary risk factors, EKG findings, Killip class on admission, coronary angiographic findings, treatment modality such as thrombolytic therapy, direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA) and conservative treatment, and complications. Result : 1) Patients' mean age was 59±11 years, and the male:female ratio was 2.1:1. 2) Patients' Killip class on arrival at emergency room was Ⅰin 52%, Ⅱ in 38%, Ⅲ in 6% and Ⅳ in 4%. 3) The mean pre-hospital time delay was 2 hours and 40 minutes, and 54 patients(48%) arrived at emergency room within 2 hours after onset of chest pain. 4) The location of the infarction were inferior wall(37.5%), anterior wall(21.4%), anterolateral wall(19.6%), inferoposterior wall(8.0%), lateral wall(3.6%), anteroinferior wall(2.7%), lateroposterior wall(0.9%), posterior wall(0.9%), anterolateroinferior wall(0.9%), anterolateroposterior wall(0.9%), and Non-Q infarction(3.6%). 5) Coronary angiography were performed in 80 patients(71%), and mean ejection fraction was 48±11%, and mean wall motion score index was 1.9±0.6. One vessel disease was 49(61%), two vessel disease was 18(23%), three vessel disease was 7(8%), and normal finding was 6(8%). 6) The conservative treatment was done in 23(21%), and thrombolytic therapy in 80(71%). The nine patients(8%) were treated with direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA). 7) The complications of infarction were pericardial effusion(8%), left ventricular aneurysm(6%), and ventricular tachycardia(4%). 8) Twelve patients(10.7%) were expired. Their mean age was 67±10 years, and mean pre-hospital time delay was 3 hours 30 minutes. The thrombolytic therapy was used in seven patients. Mortalities were observed 0%, 50%, 33%, and 18% in patients with Killip classification Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. Patient's age and Killip class on admission were the most important prognostic factors were patients' age and Killip class on arrival at emergency room. Thus, even in the thrombolytic era, other treatment modality(e.g. direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft) would be considered.

Lipoprotein(a)와 대동맥판막과 승모판막 경화증 및 복부 대동맥 두께의 상관관계에 대한 연구

김민수,유근배,이상운,임양희,신길자,조홍근 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1998 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.21 No.3

연구배경 : Lipoprotein(a)의 농도와 대동맥판막의 두께, 승모판막의 두께 및 복부 대동맥의 두께와의 관계에 대하여 조사하고, 다른 관상동맥질환의 위험인자와의 관계를 규명해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 연구방법 : 1995년 6월부터 1996년 5월까지 이화여자대학교 의과대학 부속 동대문병원에서 심초음파검사를 시행하였던 환자 116명을 대상으로 하였으며 이중 급성심근경색증, 갑상선질환 및 혈청 지질치에 영향을 미치는 약제를 복용중인 환자를 제외하였다. 성별, 나이, 고혈압의 유무, 흡연유무 및 혈청 콜레스테롤, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤, lipoprotein(a)치를 측정하였고, 미국 휼레트 패커드사의 Sono 1000 을 이용하여 대동맥판막의 두께, 승모판막의 두께 및 대동맥의 두께를 측정하였다. 결과 : 1) Lipoprotein(a)는 남자가 34.6±34.3mg/dl, 여자가 25.6±23.4mg/dl 이었으며, 총 콜레스테롤, 저밀도 지단백콜레스테롤 및 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방에는 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2) Lipoprotein(a) 농도와는 대동맥판막의 두께만이 의의있는 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 승모판막의 두께, 복부대동맥 두께 및 상행 대동맥의 내경과는 관계가 없었다. 3) Lipoprotein(a)와 일반 특성 및 생화학적인 특성과의 관계에서 Lipoprotein의 농도는 오직 흡연과 관계가 있었으며(p<0.01), 혈압, 연령, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤 및 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤과는 무관하였다. 4) 18명의 환자에서 관상동맥조영술을 실시하여 관상동맥질환의 유무 및 정도와 대동맥 판막두께와의 관계를 분석한 결과 대동맥 판막이 두꺼울수록 관상동맥질환의 정도가 심했다(p<0.01). 결론 : 본 연구에서 lipoprotein(a)농도와 대동맥 판막의 두께가 의의있는 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, lipoprote-in(a)의 농도는 흡연력만 관계가 있었다. 또한, 대동맥 판막이 두꺼울수록 관상동맥 질환의 정도가 심한 것을 볼 때, lipoprotein(a)의 농도 및 대동맥판막의 두께가 관상동맥 질환의 위험인자가 될 것으로 생각된다. Background : An elevated serum lipoprotein(a) level is an independent risk factor for athe-rosclerotic diseases, and the lipoprotein(a) level is correlated to preclinical atherosclerosis. To evaluate the association between lipoprotein(a) and aortic selerosis, ,itral sclerosis, and abdominal aorta thickness, we measured the aortic valve thickness, mitral valve thickness and abdominal aorta thickness. Also, we assessed the relationship between the aortic valve sclerosis, mitral valve sclerosis, abdominal aorta thickness and other coronary risk factors. Method : We measured serum lipoprotein(a) in 116 patients(52 men, 64 women) with mean age of 58.7±13.9 years. Aortic valve thickness was assessed by parasternal long and short axis two dimensional echocardiography, mitral valve thickness was measured by apical 4 chamber view. The abdominal aorta thickness was measured by the subcostal view. Result : The level of lipoprotein(a) was significantly correlated with the aortic valve thickness, but not with the miral valve thickness and the abdominal aorta thickness. lipoprotein(a) level was higher in smoking patients(p<0.05), and not related to other ariables such as blood pressure, age, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. Coronary angiography was performed in 18 paitents, and there was a tendency of the coronary artery disease with high level of the lipoprotein(a)(p<0.005). There was no significant difference in the thickness of aortic valve in terms of sex, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride or blodo sugar. Conclusion : We conclude that increased serum levels of lipoprotein(a) are closely related to aortic valve sclerosis and may be a risk factor for coronary artery disease.

추후관리가 필요한 만성질환 퇴원환자 가정간호 시범사업 운영 연구

홍여신(Hong, Yeo Shin),이은옥(Lee, Eun Ok),이소우(Lee, So Woo),김매자(Kim, Mae Ja),홍경자(Hong, Kyung Ja),서문자(Suh, Moon Ja),이영자(Lee, Young Ja),박정호(Park, Jung Ho),송미순(Song, Mi Soon) 한국간호과학회 1990 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.20 No.2

大藏鑛床의 地化學 및 生成環境 硏究

Hong Ja Shin(申虹子),Moon Young Kim(金炆榮),Chil Sup So(蘇七燮) 대한자원환경지질학회 1987 자원환경지질 Vol.20 No.1

The Daejang mine is one of the representatives of Cu-Pb-Zn-(Ag) vein deposit related genetically to late Cretaceous granitoid in Korea. Sericite from an alteration halo of the mine yielded a K-Ar date of 95±3.5Ma. Based on macrostructures of vein filling, three major mineralization stages(Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) are distinguished by tectonic breaks. Major ore constituents are arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, boulangerite, with small amounts of Ag-bearing tetrahedrite, pyrargyrite, native bismuth, marcasite, siderite, ankerite, gudmundite and calcite. Characteristic feature of each mineralization stage and compositional variation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite are discussed in relation to the genetic environments. The FeS contents of sphalerites are 20.5~14.9 mole % in stage Ⅰ, 17.9~11.9 mole % in stage ⅡA, 17.0~9.2 mole % in stage ⅡB, and 6.9~4.7 mole % in stage Ⅲ. Their results are indicative of decreasing FeS contents during mineralization process in sphalerite coexisting with sulfur-rich sulfide assemblages, such as monoclinic pyrrhotite and pyrite, and is agreement with the conclusions shown by Scott and Kissin(1973). The composition of arsenopyrite decrease also in As content from stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ, and the compositional variation correlate with position of the associated minerals in the paragenesis. Temperature and pressure of the mineralization are determined as 250~430℃ and 4.0~0.3kb respectively, based on the chemistry of the minerals.