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Development of Integrated Stub End by Spinning Process
Gwak, Gi-Yeol,Jeon, Jong-Won,Cho, Jong-Rae,Choi, Jin-Young,Kim, Jae-Soo Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.16 No.7
The stub end is used to connect pipes in piping arrangement. Generally the components are manufactured by welding two sub-components. But this method requires a large amount of time and money and also has a problem due to welding process like thermal deformation or embrittlement at heat affected zone. The spinning process, eco-friendly incremental process, was adopted to develop stub end without weld. It allows the component to be produced by non-welding with low cost and short process time. The major goal of this study is to develop optimum spinning process for manufacturing integrated stub end in keeping with the dimensions presented in the code. The suitable multi-step spinning process and rollers which can set required shapes and dimensions at each location of the component were designed by simulation. Base on the result of analysis and test, the 4 inch's stub end specified in the code was developed. The spinning machine was also developed to manufacture specimens. Hardness was measured to predict the strength of flange part. Along with the shapes, all dimensions at each part were satisfied the required values.
Temozolomide Salvage Chemotherapy for Recurrent Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma and Oligo-Astrocytoma
Gwak, Ho-Shin,Yee, Gi Taek,Park, Chul-Kee,Kim, Jin Wook,Hong, Yong-Kil,Kang, Seok-Gu,Kim, Jeong Hoon,Seol, Ho Jun,Jung, Tae-Young,Chang, Jong Hee,Yoo, Heon,Hwang, Jeong-Hyun,Kim, Se-Hyuk,Park, Bong Ji The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2013 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.54 No.6
Objective : To evaluate the efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy for recurrent anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA). Methods : A multi-center retrospective trial enrolled seventy-two patients with histologically proven AO/AOA who underwent TMZ chemotherapy for their recurrent tumors from 2006 to 2010. TMZ was administered orally (150 to 200 $mg/m^2/day$) for 5 days per 28 days until unacceptable toxicity occurred or tumor progression was observed. Results : TMZ chemotherapy cycles administered was median 5.3 (range, 1-41). The objective response rate was 24% including 8 cases (11%) of complete response and another 23 patients (32%) were remained as stable disease. Severe side effects (${\geq}$grade 3) occurred only in 9 patients (13%). Progression-free survival (PFS) of all patients was a median 8.0 months (95% confidence interval, 6.0-10.0). The time to recurrence of a year or after was a favorable prognostic factor for PFS (p<0.05). Overall survival (OS) was apparently differed by the patient's histology, as AOA patients survived a median OS of 18.0 months while AO patients did not reach median OS at median follow-up of 11.5 months (range 2.7-65 months). Good performance status of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 and 1 showed prolonged OS (p<0.01). Conclusion : For recurrent AO/AOA after surgery followed by radiation therapy, TMZ could be recommended as a salvage therapy at the estimated efficacy equal to procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy at first relapse. For patients previously treated with PCV, TMZ is a favorable therapeutic option as 2nd line salvage chemotherapy with an acceptable toxicity rate.
Young-yi Lee,Sherzod Rajametov,Young-chang Kim,Jung-yoon Yi,Gi-an Lee,Jae-gyun Gwak,Eun-ho Son,Hong-jae Park 한국자원식물학회 2016 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.29 No.6
We compared the germination rate of dehisced ginseng (Panax ginseng) seeds that were dried under two different conditions, slowly at 15℃ [relative humidity (RH) 10-12%] and rapidly under a laminar airflow cabinet at 25℃ (RH 22-25%). The measurements showed that drying rate and seed moisture content (SMC) play important roles in storage ability and vigor. The seeds that were dried rapidly at 25℃ showed high GR compared with the seeds that were dried at 15℃ after 6 and 12 months of storage at -80℃ irrespective of MC. Seeds dried slowly at 15℃ with MC higher than 7.0% showed high GR maintenance after storage at -18℃ and at 4℃ in comparison with rapidly dried seeds. However, the GR of the slowly desiccated seeds decreased as mean SMC was reduced to less than 5.0%, whereas the rapidly dried seeds were distinguished by significantly high GR irrespective of the storage conditions. The ginseng seeds desiccated under different conditions showed differences in storage performance. Seeds with 7-9% MC that were dried slowly at 15℃ for 5-7 days showed high GR after 4℃ and -18℃ storage; however, longer periods of desiccation decreased the germination level remarkably compared with that of rapidly dried seeds.
곽기영,Gi Young Gwak 대한리더십학회 2012 리더십연구 Vol.3 No.4
리더십 연구는 리더 개인의 특성 , 행동 , 추종자와의 관계 , 카리스마 등의 요인들이 리더십에 미치는 영향에 대해 주로 이루어져 왔다 . 하지만 , 리더의 리더십에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다양하며 경험도 이러한 요인들 중의 하나이다 . 현재까지 경험이 리더십에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 많이 이루어지지 않았고 , 특히 , 연구의 주제로 삼은 경험의 종류가 한정적이며 실증적 연구보다는 개념적 연구가 많았다 . 본고에서는 , 경험을 주제로한 리더십 연구방향 제시를 위해 경험의 개념을 정의하고 경험의 다양한 유형을 정리하였으며 , 리더십에서의 경험의 역할을 살펴보았다 . 끝으로 , 본고에서 정리한 경험의 내용을 바탕으로 향후의 리더의 경험에 대한 연구과제를 논의하였다 . Traditionally, research on leadership was mainly centered around how different aspects such as personal characteristics, behavior, relationship with followers and charisma, etc affected leadership. However, there are many variables that affect leadership and experience is certainly one of them. To this day, a limited amount of research was done on the correlation between experience and leadership, and what is available only considered limited type of experiences, focusing on conceptual study rather than empirical study. To set a course for the research on "experience based leadership", concept of experience is defined, studies on various types of experience are categorized, and the role of experience on leadership was examined. Lastly, a discussion was made on the final research objective, experience of a leader, based on the conclusion of this paper.
곽기영,Gi Young Gwak 대한리더십학회 2013 리더십연구 Vol.4 No.4
리더십에 대한 다양한 이론들이 지난 세기동안 많은 학자들에 의해 정립․발전되어왔으나, 이러한 리더십 이론들은 유연성이 부족하고 고착되어 있어 한 리더의 리더십 스타일을 온전하게 설명하지 못하는 것이 사실이다. 이는 보이지 않는 곳에서 리더의 리더십 행동과 스타일을 조정하는 요인들이 있음을 나타내는 것이며, 가장 대표적인 것 중의 하나가 리더 개인의 성격이다. 현재까지 성격이 리더십 에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 많이 이루어지지 않았고, 특히 국내 연구는 해외 연 구에 비해 논문 수가 적었으며, 연구의 주제로 삼은 성격의 종류도 한정적이었다. 본고에서는 국내에서도 리더십 연구 시 성격을 주제로 한 연구가 활발하여질 수 있도록, 다양한 측면으로 분석할 수 있는 성격을 변수로 활용한 최근 연구동향을 검토해보고, 리더십에 있어서의 성격의 중요성을 제시하였다. 끝으로, 본고에서 정리한 성격의 내용을 토대로 향후의 리더의 성격에 대한 연구과제를 논의하였다. Over the past century, theories on leadership have been defined․ developed by many scholars. However, existing theories are often rigidly structured and inflexible, leaving less room for describing a leader’s style of leadership. This indicates that there are numerous other aspects which affect leadership behavior and style of leaders, most representative aspect being the personality of a leader. Up until this day, there has only been a limited number of studies researching the corelation between personality and leadership, and what is available are mostly authored by foreign scholars utilizing limited number of personality types. This thesis emphasizes the importance of personality on leadership. Also, reviews on the recent trends in researches utilizing personality as multi-faceted variable are presented, so that it may stimulate domestic research efforts in studying the corelation between leadership and personality. Lastly, future research directions and headings on personality of leaders are discussed based on the contents of this thesis
Development of Manufacturing Process for Long-Neck Flange by Spinning
곽기열(Gi Yeol Gwak),조종래(Jong Rae Cho),최진영(Jin Young Choi) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2015 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.32 No.11
The long neck flange is used to connect piping arrangements where the lap joint is applied. Generally, the component can be manufactured by welding, but this method is both time and cost intensive. Embrittlement at the heat affected zones was also considered. A spinning method developed to improve the manufacturing process and solve the problems of welding. The flange area of the long neck flange can be formed by changing the direction of the metal flow, from axial to radial, while maintaining pressure by using an outer mold and a lap roller. A modified process was additionally developed using a round roller rather than the outer mold. In this modification, the round roller can form the shape of all sizes of long neck flange. Using these flexible methodologies, the cost to prepare outer molds and the time to install and remove the molds can be significantly reduced.