Japan`s home appliances recycling Katsumi FUJISAKI

( Katsumi Fujisaki ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2013 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2013 No.2

Impact of Tumor Location on the Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Total or Proximal Gastrectomy

Fujisaki Muneharu,Nomura Takashi,Yamashita Hiroharu,Uenosono Yoshikazu,Fukunaga Tetsu,Otsuji Eigo,Takahashi Masahiro,Matsumoto Hideo,Oshio Atsushi,Nakada Koji 대한위암학회 2022 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.22 No.3

Purpose Most studies have investigated the differences in postgastrectomy quality of life (QOL) based on the surgical procedure or reconstruction method adopted; only a few studies have compared QOL based on tumor location. This large-scale study aims to investigate the differences in QOL between patients with esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC) and those with upper third gastric cancer (UGC) undergoing the same gastrectomy procedure to evaluate the impact of tumor location on postoperative QOL. Methods The Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale-45 (PGSAS-45) questionnaire was distributed in 70 institutions to 2,364 patients who underwent gastrectomy for EGJC or UGC. A total of 1,909 patients were eligible for the study, and 1,744 patients who underwent total gastrectomy (TG) or proximal gastrectomy (PG) were selected for the final analysis. These patients were divided into EGJC and UGC groups; thereafter, the PGSAS-45 main outcome measures (MOMs) were compared between the two groups for each type of gastrectomy. Results Among the post-TG patients, only one MOM was significantly better in the UGC group than in the EGJC group. Conversely, among the post-PG patients, postoperative QOL was significantly better in 6 out of 19 MOMs in the UGC group than in the EGJC group. Conclusions Tumor location had a minimal effect on the postoperative QOL of post-TG patients, whereas among post-PG patients, there were definite differences in postoperative QOL between the two groups. It seems reasonable to conservatively estimate the benefits of PG in patients with EGJC compared to those in patients with UGC. Purpose Most studies have investigated the differences in postgastrectomy quality of life (QOL) based on the surgical procedure or reconstruction method adopted; only a few studies have compared QOL based on tumor location. This large-scale study aims to investigate the differences in QOL between patients with esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC) and those with upper third gastric cancer (UGC) undergoing the same gastrectomy procedure to evaluate the impact of tumor location on postoperative QOL. Methods The Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale-45 (PGSAS-45) questionnaire was distributed in 70 institutions to 2,364 patients who underwent gastrectomy for EGJC or UGC. A total of 1,909 patients were eligible for the study, and 1,744 patients who underwent total gastrectomy (TG) or proximal gastrectomy (PG) were selected for the final analysis. These patients were divided into EGJC and UGC groups; thereafter, the PGSAS-45 main outcome measures (MOMs) were compared between the two groups for each type of gastrectomy. Results Among the post-TG patients, only one MOM was significantly better in the UGC group than in the EGJC group. Conversely, among the post-PG patients, postoperative QOL was significantly better in 6 out of 19 MOMs in the UGC group than in the EGJC group. Conclusions Tumor location had a minimal effect on the postoperative QOL of post-TG patients, whereas among post-PG patients, there were definite differences in postoperative QOL between the two groups. It seems reasonable to conservatively estimate the benefits of PG in patients with EGJC compared to those in patients with UGC.

Congratulatory Message for the first issue of Phonetics and Speech Sciences

Hiroya Fujisaki 한국음성학회 2009 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.1 No.1

Control of Protozoan Diseases, especially Theileria orientalis infection in cattle, Using Molecular Techniques

Kozo Fujisaki 대한수의학회 2002 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2002 No.-

Shield Effect of High-Response Electromagnetic Sensor

Keisuke Fujisaki,Shinpei Fujino,Shoji Sato,Shoji Taniguchi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

To obtain a high-response electromagnetic sensor, the mechanism of shield effect is made clear, where the copper shield is arranged between the primary coil and the secondary coil. To estimate it, a new index is introduced as a ratio of effective magnetic flux among the magnetic flux linked to the secondary coil. According to the numerical calculation, the insertion of the copper shield makes the responsibility index increase. Since the effective flux ratio increases by inserting the copper shield, the magnetic flux is considered to be used effectively to detect the molten steel among the secondary voltage.

Diplomatic Communication between the Popes and the Khans until 1270s

Mamoru FUJISAKI 한국서양중세사학회 2019 西洋中世史硏究 Vol.0 No.44

1260년대 들어 일 칸은 패권주의적 전략을 철회하고 서방의 군주와 교황에 게 군사 동맹을 제안했다. 반면 몽골에 대한 유언비어와 공포가 횡행하던 시기 이후에는, 일 칸에게 보내는 교황의 사절단과 서신은 외교적 · 복음 전파의 목 적을 갖게 되었다. 하지만 이 시기 교황의 서신은 더욱 복음 전파의 목적을 띠 게 되었다. 프란체스코 수도사(수도사 제라르와 그의 동료들)를 파견한 목적은 명백히 몽골족을 가톨릭으로 개종시키고 세례를 주는 것이었는데, 이는 아바카 와 쿠빌라이에게 전달된 서신뿐만 아니라 제라르와 그의 동료들에게 보낸 편지 에서도 나타난다. 교황은 그들을 “구원의 천사”로서 파견했다. 1278년의 사절은 교황이 특별한 임무를 맡긴 사절단이었다. 사절단 선정은 교황 사절로서의 경험 유무를 기준으로 했고, 신앙심과 도덕성 뿐 아니라 성서에 관한 높은 이해가 사 절단으로서의 자질로 요구되었다. 교황의 서신을 일 칸들에게 전달하는 사절단 의 비용은 교황이 지불했다. 이런 교황과 프란체스코 수도회의 협력은 기독교 복음을 전파하고자 하는 정신을 엿볼 수 있게 해준다. After retracting the hegemonic policy, the Il-khans began to propose a joint campaign to the Western princes and popes from 1260s. On the other hand, after a phase of rumors and fear, the papal dispatches of envoys and letters to the Il-khans acquired a diplomatic and missionary aim. In the course of time, however, the tone of the papal letter became more evangelical. The aim of the delegation of Franciscans (friar Gerard and his colleagues) was clearly to convert to Catholicism and baptize the Mongols, as is shown by not only the letters to Abaqa and Qubilai but also the letters to Gerard and his colleagues. The pope dispatched them as if they were “angels for the salvation” of human beings. The embassy of 1278 was a mission sent by the pope with special faculties. The choice of members seems to have been based on the experience of papal envoy, and not only religiousness or morality but also mastership of the Bible was required as a quality of the missionary. They were financed by the pope as couriers of papal letters to the Il-khans. Here, the collaboration of the papacy and the Franciscans offer a glimpse of the spirit of propagation of Christianity.

Controller Redesign via Sum of Squares Programming

Yasumasa Fujisaki,Eri Miyoshi 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

Effects of climate warming on insects in Japan with special emphasis on the case of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula

Kenji Fujisaki 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

The mean global surface temperatures have increased since the late 19th century by approximately 0.3-0.6 o C (IPCC, 2007). The linear warming trend over the last 50 years is nearly double that of the last 100 years. The impact of climate warming on insects was studied using the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula as a model insect. This bug is known as a cosmopolitan agricultural pest that damages diverse crop plants worldwide. Effects of climate warming on insects include distribution, abundance, phenology, voltinism, physiology, behaviour, and community structure. It should be noted here that climate warming affects insects not only directly but also indirectly through interaction of species in ecosystem. 1. Northward range expansion of N. viridula in Japan. Past and current limits of the distribution range of N. viridula were compared (Tougou et al., 2009). It was found that the climate warming promoted northward range expansion of N. viridula by providing favourable overwintering conditions close to the specie’s range limit. The past and the current limits of the distribution range of N. viridula in central Japan were investigated. In the early 1960s, the northern limit of the species’ range was in Wakayama Prefecture and was limited by a +5 o C isothermal line for the mean January temperature. Forty five years later (2006–2007), a new survey in Wakayama and five neighbouring prefectures demonstrated that this northern limit shifted northward by 85km, at a rate of 19.0km/decade. The shift northward was likely promoted by milder winter conditions. The mean January–February temperature in the region was 1.03–1.91ºC higher in 1998–2007 than in 1960–1969. In the 1960s, the mean January temperature exceeded +5 ºC only in Wakayama city, but by now it has surpassed +5 ºC in Osaka and Tsu cities, located further north (52 and 59 km respectively), which corresponds to the current distribution of N. viridula. The number of cold days (with mean temperature below +5ºC) also significantly decreased, while the annual lowest temperature significantly increased. N. viridula was found mostly at or close to those locations where (1) the mean January temperature exceeded +5ºC, (2) the mean number of cold days did not exceed 26 during January–February, and (3) where the mean annual lowest temperature did not drop below –3.0 ºC. The general linear model shows that the mean January temperature and number of cold days are the most important factors controlling the northern limit of distribution of N. viridula. All the climatic data suggest that over the last 45 years environmental conditions have become more favourable for overwintering of N.viridula at many locations in central Japan. This has likely promoted the northward spread of the species, representing the direct response of the species to climate warming. A sympatrically distributed congeneric N. antennata is responding to the warming by retreat from the ocean coast towards cooler elevated habitats, which might be a complex response to elevated temperature and interspecific mating with N. viridula. This range expansion of N. viridula is now accelerating the extinction of N. antennata by the infertile interspecific copulation. 2. Ecophysiological responses of N. viridula to simulated warming. The effect of simulated climate change on N. viridula was studied close to the species’ northern range limit in Japan (Musolin et al., 2010). Insects from the same egg masses were reared for 15 months in 10 consecutive series under quasi-natural (i.e. outdoor) conditions and in a transparent incubator, in which climate warming was simulated by adding 2.5ºC to the outdoor temperature. The warming strongly affected all life-history and phenological parameters. In the spring, the simulated warming advanced the timing of body colour changes and post-diapause reproduction. In the early summer, it increased egg production and accelerated nymphal development. In the late summer (the hottest season), the effect of the simulated warming was strongly deleterious: nymphs developed slowly, suffered higher mortality and had difficulties during final moulting; the emerged females were smaller, some exhibited abnormal cuticle, produced fewer eggs and had a decreased life span. Our current studies are going to clarify that such an adverse effect of high temperature is caused by the decrease in bacterial symbiont which is harboured in the midgut of stink bugs. As in many phytophagous heteropteran species, N. viridula possesses a number of sac-like outgrowths, called crypts, in a posterior section of the midgut, wherein a specific bacterial symbiont is harbored. In previous studies on N. viridula from Hawaiian populations, experimental elimination of the symbiont caused little fitness defects in the host insect (Prado, et.al., 2006, Prado et al., 2009). N. viridula from Japanese populations consistently harbor the same gammaproteobacterial gut symbiont. However, in this case, contrary to the previous works, experimental sterilization of the symbiont resulted in severe nymphal mortality, indicating an obligate host-symbiont relationship (Tada et al., 2011). Considering the worldwide host-symbiont association and those experimental data, N. viridula is considered to be generally and obligatorily associated with the gut symbiont, while the symbiont effect on the host performance may be different among geographic populations. In the autumn, the warming accelerated nymphal development, resulted in larger female size, affected the timing of the diapause-associated adult body colour change from green to russet and enhanced preparation for overwintering. Larger females had higher winter survival rate than smaller females. The warming strongly increased survival rate in both size classes and allowed smaller females to reach the same winter survival rate as larger females had under the quasi-natural conditions. The winter survival also differed between the green and dark-coloured females under the quasi-natural, but not under the warming conditions. However, under the warming conditions, green females survived the winter even better than dark-coloured females did under the quasi-natural conditions. Moreover, the warming shortened the life span of females from the summer generations and prolonged it in those from the autumn generation. It is concluded that even a moderate temperature increase (+2.5 ºC) in the future is likely to have a complex influence upon insects, strongly affecting many of their life-history and phenological parameters.

In Search of Models in Speech Communication Research

Hiroya Fujisaki 한국음성학회 2009 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.1 No.1

Robust Optimization via Randomized Algorithms

Yasumasa Fujisaki,Takayuki Wada 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

This paper gives an overview on probabilistic approach to robust optimization and chance constrained optimization. The problems are to minimize a linear objective function subject to a parameter dependent convex constraint, where a probability measure is introduced onto the parameter set. Two randomized techniques, the scenario optimization and the sequential optimization, are summarized, where characteristics and advantages of both techniques are discussed.