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Disease Detection on Tomato Leaves and Rate of Spread Analysis Using Image Processing Techniques
( Frank Gyan Okyere ),( Waqas Qasim ),( Jayanta Kumar Basak ),( Fawad Khan ),( Jo Jihoon Park ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.2
Cultivating crops using greenhouse technology is an advancement in food production. One major challenge is the early detection of diseases and its spread rate. Detecting diseases in plants accurately and timely can help mitigate much losses in food production in greenhouse. Also the survival of most disease infection on plants is influenced by the bio - environmental factors that affects the plants. However the impact of this influence of bioenvironmental factors on the plants are not well known. The aim of this research was to develop algorithms to detect diseases in tomatoes leaves, and to analyze the effect of variations in the bioenvironmental conditions on disease spread rate using image processing technique in Mat lab 2017Ra software. The tomato plants under research were subjected to two main bioenvironmental conditions; temperature and relative humidity. All other conditions remained constant. Images of the leaves were taken with a point grey camera for diseases detection for about 64 days. The images were first preprocessed, segmented to determine the diseased areas. Segmentation was done using K- means clustering and features were extracted for training and classification. SVM were used to train and classify the images.The results shows that diseases were first detected on the 7<sup>th</sup> day after transplanting. On the 10<sup>th</sup> day, diseases were found on all the plants. The highest temperature and humidity were 15.8°C and 66rH respectively whiles the lowest were recorded at -2°C and 18rH respectively. It was concluded that disease spread rate was high in low temperature and high humidity conditions. Also the instability of the bioenvironmental conditions may have effect on the disease spread rate on the plant leaves.
Frank Hartmann,Thomas Nusselt,Stefan Mattyasovszky,Gerrit Maier,Pol Maria Rommens,Erol Gercek 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To evaluate radiological parameters as indicators for posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injuries in the case of limited availability of magnetic resonance imaging. Overview of Literature: Traumatic thoracolumbar spinal fractures with PLC injuries can be misdiagnosed on X-rays or computed tomography scans. This study aimed to retrospectively assess unrecognized PLC injuries and evaluate radiographic parameters as indicators of PLC injuries requiring surgery. Methods: In total, 314 patients with type A and type B2 fractures who underwent surgical treatment between 2001 and 2010 were included. The frequency of misdiagnosis was reassessed, and radiographic parameters were evaluated and correlated. Results: The average age of the patients was 51.8 years. There were 225 type A3/A4 and 89 type B2 fractures; 39 of the type B2 fractures (43.8%) had been misdiagnosed as type A fractures. Type B fractures presented with a significantly higher kyphotic wedge angle and Cobb angle and a lower sagittal index (SI) than type A fractures. In addition, the normalized interspinous distance was higher in type B2 fractures. The significant mathematical indicators for PLC injuries were as follows: Cobb angle+kyphotic wedge angle >29°; Cobb angle2 >170°; and vertebral angle/SI >25. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that PLC injuries are frequently misdiagnosed. Correlations between certain radiological parameters associated with PLC injuries can be useful indicators of the presence of such injuries requiring surgery.
Performace Evaluation of Baler Machine for Cutting Corn Stalks for Biomass Production
( Frank Gyan Okyere ),( Waqas Qasim ),( Jayanta Kumar Basak ),( Fawad Khan ),( Jo Jihoon Park ),( Hyeon Tae Kim* ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.2
The use of agro waste for biomass production is on the rise in recent times. To achieve a high surface to volume ratio for efficient biomass production, the agro waste material needs to be chopped or cut into pieces. However machines for such purposes are not readily available. The aim of this research was to analyze the performance of a designed baler machine which cuts corn stalks into small pieces for biomass production. Waste corn stalks were used for the experiments. The machine has a main rotor which revolves at various speeds and also a ground/bed for holding and moving the corn stalks for cutting. Three rotor speeds were selected; 1100rpm, 1750rpm and 2250rpm whiles the ground/bed speed remained constant at 4.5km/h. The moisture content of the corn were varied at high; 80~70%, medium 50~40% and low; 20~10%. The corn stalk at a moisture content of 50~40% had the best cutting pattern when the rotor speed was set at 1750rpm. At a high speed of 2250rpm, most of the corn stalk were destroyed. It was concluded that to achieve a cutting pattern with a high accuracy, the moisture content of the corn stalk should be low and the medium speed of the rotor needs to be selected.
Recreational Hiking in South Korea: Transforming the Body, Transforming the Land
Frank Dax 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2015 Korea Journal Vol.55 No.3
Mountains have long held a central role in Korean culture, a role that has been newly highlighted by the surging popularity of recreational hiking in South Korea. And yet, to the extent that hiking foregrounds the significance of the mountains, it also foregrounds the significance of the body in South Korean society today, as both the land and the body are implicated in the growth of hiking. After charting the historical and cultural background of the hiking phenomenon, which has ascended to a national pastime, this article will analyze the meanings attached to the mountains and the body as a result. What emerges from the analysis is evidence of recreational hiking’s truly transformational potential, its capacity to recreate. In terms of the body, the ritual and performative dimensions hiking has acquired unlock occasions for physical and spiritual transformation, as well as structure new opportunities for the playful and ethical reinvention of the self. In regard to the land, hiking literally transforms the faces of mountains as its mass appeal challenges competing claims for land use and development. Equally important, however, are the ideological transformations of mountain space that sustain hiking’s material claims.