Effects of Huang Bai (Phellodendri Cortex) and Three Other Herbs on GnRH and GH Levels in GT1–7 and GH3 Cells

Lee, Sun Haeng,Kwak, Sung Chul,Kim, Dong Kwan,Park, Sang Woug,Kim, Hyun Soo,Kim, Young-Sik,Lee, Donghun,Lee, Ju Won,Lee, Chang Gon,Lee, Hae Kyung,Cho, Sung-Min,Shin, Yu Jeong,Lee, Jin Yong,Kim, Hocheo Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2016 No.-

<P>The present study was to evaluate the effects of Huang Bai, Zhi Mu, Mai Ya, and Xia Ku Cao on hormone using the GT1–7 and GH3 cells. The GT1–7 and GH3 cell lines were incubated with DW; DMSO; and 30, 100, or 300 <I>μ</I>g/mL of one of the four extract solutions in serum-free media for 24 hours. The MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of the four herbs. The GT1–7 and GH3 cells were incubated in DW, estradiol (GT1–7 only), or noncytotoxic herb solutions in serum-free medium for 24 hours. A quantitative RT-PCR and western blot were performed to measure the GnRH expression in GT1–7 cells and GH expression in GH3 cells. Huang Bai, Zhi Mu, Xia Ku Cao, and Mai Ya inhibited the GnRH mRNA expression in GT1–7 cells, whereas Huang Bai enhanced GH mRNA expression in GH3 cells. Additionally, Xia Ku Cao inhibited GnRH protein expression in GT1–7 cells and Huang Bai promoted GH protein expression in GH3 cells. The findings suggest that Huang Bai can delay puberty by inhibiting GnRH synthesis in the hypothalamus while also accelerating growth by promoting GH synthesis and secretion in the pituitary.</P>

Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Increases Longitudinal Bone Growth Rate by Upregulating Circulatory IGF-1 in Rats

Lee, Donghun,Lee, Sung Hyun,Lee, Yoon Hee,Song, Jungbin,Kim, Hocheol Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-

<P>Astragalus extract mixture HT042 is a standardized ingredient of health functional food approved by Korean FDA with a claim of “height growth of children.” HT042 stimulates bone growth rate and increases local IGF-1 expression in growth plate of rats which can be considered as direct stimulation of GH and its paracrine/autocrine actions. However, it remains unclear whether HT042 stimulates circulatory IGF-1 which also plays a major role to stimulate bone growth. To determine the effects on circulatory IGF-1, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 expressions and phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5 were evaluated in the liver after 10 days of HT042 administration. HT042 upregulated liver IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 mRNA expression, IGF-1 protein expression, and phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5. HT042 also increased bone growth rate and proliferative zonal height in growth plate. In conclusion, HT042 stimulates bone growth rate via increment of proliferative rate by upregulation of liver IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 mRNA followed by IGF-1 protein expression through phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5, which can be regarded as normal functioning of GH-dependent endocrine pathway. </P>

이중선체 내의 용접작업을 위한 자율주행 형 메커니즘 개발 및 응용

이동훈(Donghun Lee),이성철(Sungcheul Lee),구남국(Namkuk Ku),하솔(Sol Ha),김종원(Jongwon Kim),이규열(Kyu-Yeul Lee),김태완(Taewan Kim) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

The welding is very difficult and dangerous for manual welders. Especially double hull structure has very hazardous environment, so shipbuilding industry demands the autonomous system instead of manual welders. This paper describes design of a totally new designed mobile robot, called ‘Rail Runner’, for welding in a double hull structure. Due to the welding work involved in the assembly procedure of a double hull structure, this research addressed both the mechanical and control systems of the robot. The mechanical system of this robot is composed of six axes manipulator for welding function and six axes mobile platform for traveling in the double hull structure. This robot is able to autonomously travel and weld a U-shaped part in a double hull structure. The ‘Rail Runner’ can elevate the efficiency of the welding process against manual welders and the international competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry.

두산중공업 발전용 가스터빈 연소기 개발 현황 (2)

이동훈(Donghun Lee),이상언(Sangeon Lee),천무환(Muhwan Chon),남삼식(Samsik Nam),이광열(Kwangyeol Lee) 한국연소학회 2015 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.2015 No.12

Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis Isolates from Traditional Korean Fermented Soybean Foods

( Jong-hoon Lee ),( Donghun Shin ),( Bitnara Lee ),( Hyundong Lee ),( Inhyung Lee ),( Do-won Jeong ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.5

Eighty-five Enterococcus faecalis isolates collected from animals (40 isolates), meju (a Korean fermented soybean product; 27 isolates), humans (10 isolates), and various environmental samples (8 isolates) were subjected to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to identify genetic differences between samples of different origins. MLST analysis resulted in 44 sequence types (STs), and the eBURST algorithm clustered the STs into 21 clonal complexes (CCs) and 17 singletons. The predominant STs, ST695 (21.1%, 18/85) and ST694 (9.4%, 8/85), were singletons, and only contained isolates originating from meju. None of the STs in the current study belonged to CC2 or CC9, which comprise clinical isolates with high levels of antibiotic resistance. The E. faecalis isolates showed the highest rates of resistance to tetracycline (32.9%), followed by erythromycin (9.4%) and vancomycin (2.4%). All isolates from meju were sensitive to these three antibiotics. Hence, MLST uncovered genetic diversity within E. faecalis, and clustering of the STs using eBURST revealed a correlation between the genotypes and origins of the isolates.

Perspectives on deterministic control of quantum point defects by scanned probes

Lee, Donghun,Gupta, Jay A. De Gruyter 2019 Nanophotonics Vol.8 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Control over individual point defects in solid-state systems is becoming increasingly important, not only for current semiconductor industries but also for next generation quantum information science and technologies. To realize the potential of these defects for scalable and high-performance quantum applications, precise placement of defects and defect clusters at the nanoscale is required, along with improved control over the nanoscale local environment to minimize decoherence. These requirements are met using scanned probe microscopy in silicon and III-V semiconductors, which suggests the extension to hosts for quantum point defects such as diamond, silicon carbide, and hexagonal boron nitride is feasible. Here we provide a perspective on the principal challenges toward this end, and new opportunities afforded by the integration of scanned probes with optical and magnetic resonance techniques.</P>

Understanding the Concept of User Experience Based on the Extended Concept of Usability

Donghun Lee,Min K. Chung 대한인간공학회 2012 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

Objective: This study presents the conceptual framework and the conceptual model to account for user experience by expanding the existing concepts of usability, in particular considering the user-interface environment in digital convergence. Background: To better understand a variety of users interacting with a converged product based on digital technologies, there seems to be a limit to consider the existing concepts of usability. All possible aspects of user"s interaction with a product in a context of use need to be taken into consideration. Method: This study identifies the concept of user experience through a comprehensive literature review. Results: First, this study reviews the existing concepts of usability and user experience. And then this study describes four main components in the conceptual framework of user experience: user"s internal states, user"s external states, a product, and various outcomes, each of which encompasses distinct sub-components. The conceptual model of user experience accounts for how user"s internal states change over time and for how different sub-components affect actual behavior of use. Conclusion: It is expected that these user experience concepts can be used in basic resources to better understand different behavioral characteristics of users and to better design interactive products in converged digital environments.

과학로켓 3호(KSR-3) 자력계 데이터 분석을 통한 로켓비행자세 연구

이은석,장민환,이동훈,김성수,황승현,이선민 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.1

2002년 11월에 발사된 KSR-3 과학 로켓에 탑재된 자력계의 데이터 처리 결과에 대해 논한다. KSR-3 과학 로켓에는 로켓의 비행 자세 정보 획득을 위한 Fluxgate 자력계인 AIM (Attitude Information Magnetometer)과 지구 자기장 섭동 측정용 Search-coil 자력계인 SIM (Scientific Investigation Magnetometer)인 2종류의 자력계가 탑재되었었다. KSR-3 과학 로켓의 발사부터 비행종료까지 총 비행시간 2314초 동안 AIM과 SIM에서 각 축별 데이터를 성공적으로 획득하였다. 먼저 AIM은 획득된 데이터를 수치계산법 및 자체 개발한 MFD_View 변환 프로그램, Spline 보정법을 이용하여 데이터를 분석하였고, 자체 개발한 비행정보 획득 프로그램을 이용하여 시간에 따른 로켓의 비행상태를 확인 중에 있다. 차후 로켓의 좌표값을 이용해 지구 자기장의 여러 성분값 및 데이터 처리 결과들을 비교 분석하여 자력계가 차후 발사되는 로켓의 자세제어에 적합한지 알아볼 예정이다. SIM은 지구 자기장 섭동 현상 관측 및 로켓의 이벤트에 대한 정보를 확인하였다. SIM 데이터는 로켓의 최고 고도가 427㎞밖에 안되어 지구 자기장 섭동 현상을 관측하지 못했으나 로켓의 시간대별 이벤트 현상을 확인할 수 있었다. We describe the result of the two onboard magnetometers of KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute)'s sounding rocket. KSR-3, which was launched in November 2002. The KSR-3 magnetometers consist of the fluxgate magnetometer, AIM(Attitude Information Magnetometer) for acquiring the rocket flight attitude information and the search-coil magnetometer, SIM(Scientific Investigation Magnetometer) for the observation of the Earth's magnetic field fluctuations. We acquired 3-axis data of the KSR-3 magnetometer AIM and SIM for 231.4 seconds flight time of science rocket AIM data was analyzed using numerical method, the MFD_View conversion program that we develop independently and Spline method. And we studied the rocket flight attitude information using flight information acquisition program that we developed. The resulting dc magnetic vector field was compared with the IGRF(International Geomagnetic Reference Field). Although SIM could not observe the Earths magnetic field fluctuation, it confirmed the various events of rocket.

Psychological, family, and social factors linked with juvenile theft in Korea

Lee, DongHun,Han, Yoonsun,Park, ManSik,Roh, SeakZoon SAGE Publications 2015 SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL Vol.36 No.6

<P>The absence of an approach which encompasses several micro-systems in Korea may leave important factors of youth risk behaviors undetected. Thus, an examination of a broad set of ecological factors within the micro-system--including individual characteristics as well as immediate family, peer, and school environments surrounding the youth--that is associated with juvenile theft is warranted. The current study analyzes a rare dataset of 176 youth who were arrested for theft and a matching non-theft sample of 180 youth. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to examine variables related to theft engagement. Higher levels of depression was associated with greater odds of theft behavior when examining psychological factors only. Maternal positive parenting behaviors in the family model and school adjustment in the social model were significantly linked with decreased odds of theft engagement. These results may have important implications for providing counseling and educational services to adolescents arrested for theft. Findings encourage expanding the scope of the currently individual-focused program to consideration of family and school contexts that may be crucial for serving youth with theft experience.</P>

The Impact of Opportunistic User Scheduling on Outage Probability of CR-MIMO Systems

LEE, Donghun,JEONG, Byung Jang 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2014 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.eb97 No.3

<P>In this paper, we study the impact of opportunistic user scheduling on the outage probability of cognitive radio (CR) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in the high power region where the peak transmit power constraint is higher than the peak interference constraint. The primary contributions of this paper are the derivation of exact closed-form expressions of the proposed scheduled CR-MIMO systems for outage probability and asymptotic analysis to quantify the diversity order and signal to noise ratio (SNR) gain. Through exact analytical results, we provide the achievable outage probability of the proposed scheduled systems as a function of SNR. Also, through asymptotic analysis, we show that the scheduled CR-MIMO systems provide some diversity order gain over the non-scheduled CR-MIMO systems which comes from multi-user diversity (MUD). Also, the SNR gain of the proposed scheduled systems is identical to that of the non-scheduled CR-MIMO systems.</P>