Holographic interferometry를 이용한 열중합 애크릴릭 레진의 변형에 관한 연구

박동관,장익태,김광남,Park, Dong-Kwan,Chang, Ik-Tae,Kim, Kwang-Nam 대한치과보철학회 1995 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Since heat curing acrylic resins undergo unavoidable dimensional changes following polymerization, adaptation can be altered. Until recently, although numerous studies on the dimensional changes of denture base were based on a microscopic technic that measures the relative displacement of a limited reference points on the denture base, but there have been few studies on the distortions of resins using holographic interferometry. Purpose of this study was to determine and compare the dimensional changes and fringe patterns of 4 heat curing acrylic resins, and observe the distortions of acrylic resin denture base by temperature change with the aid of the holographic interferometry. Holographic interferograms were taken on the resin specimens and acrylic resin denture base with the 10mW He-Ne laser and double exposure method. Comparison and analysis of fringe pattern on the recorded object surface was performed. The following results were obtained. 1. The dimensional changes for the high impact resin Lucitone 199 were statistically the greatest of all resins, and the rapid heat curing resin Premium super 20 were the least. 2. The most polymerization shrinkage of all materials occured in initial period of measurements, at this time the difference of polymerization shrinkage properties between resins was founded. 3. The stress distribution of specimens was seen by various type of fringe pattern which had directionality. 4. The polymerization shrinkage of resins was greatly influenced by temperature change. 5. The partial deformations of resin denture base were observed in 70 C and 90 C water.

鐵原地區 自然草地에 대한 群落構造 生産性 再生力 및 土壤肥料學的 硏究

尹益錫,張楠基,金炳泰 건국대학교 1969 學術誌 Vol.10 No.1

The investigation was made on the relationship among vegetation, net productivity, regrowth and soils of Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands in Chulwon area. The following conclusions have been made as the results of study. 1.The vascular flora of the grassland in Moonheri-Wasoori was composed of 102 species, the most of which were Medicago denticulata, Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. 2.The flora of Soodowon-Sungilkyo grassland was composed of 74 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. 3.It of Mt. Kumhak grassland was composed of 78 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina, Miscanthus sinensis and Aster scaber. 4.These five species contributed greatly to the standing crop of live material which was in excess of 60% of it. 5.The peak standing crop of each 413.7, 307.6 and 348.7 g/m2 in Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands wers reached in August under flooded conditions as a result of the growth of dominant species, Medicago denticulata and Arundinella hirta. 6.The net prodution of organic matter was slight in some intervals but occurred throughout the growing season. 7.After cutting of grasses, the regrowth of new leaves mainly depended on growing stage and edaphic factor. 8.Characteristics of the natural grassland soils, especially, concerning water, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium were clarified and might be depend upon the quantity of plant production. 9.Nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium concentration of leaves of Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis were higher than of stems. 10.Even if there were differences in the amounts of nutrients amend Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis for single species and stands, they were covered by variations within spesies in the present survey.

간기능 이상자들의 영양상태 및 운동부하 검사시 생리학적 요인의 변화

김창규,김남익 국민대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論叢 Vol.20 No.-

We investigated metabolic, hemodynamics, cardiopulmonary and nutritional status response at exercise stress test in normal and middle aged men with reduced ALT, AST. Subjects were consisted 15 healthy untrained controls and in 15 subjects with reduced liver function(ALT, AST). In body composition test, percent body fat and body fluid were determined by bioelectrical impedance method. Resting pulmonary function were determined by pulmonary function analyzer. Blood samples were collected in an evacuated tube, placed on ice, and centrifuged at 3,000rpm for 5min at 4℃. The exercise stress test for this study were performed on a Bruce protocol. Subjects conduction, Borg's scale, ECG, and target HR were monitored during exercise test. The results were analyzed by dependent t-test. The following were the results; In the reduced liver function group, body composition, pulmonary function, blood samples, exercise stress test such as weight, body fat, glucose, total protein, total biliubin, Alk. phos, ALT, AST, T-C/HDL-C ratio, SBPrest, SBPpeak, ECG V_5 ST level peak, and M V˙O_2rest were significantly higher than that of control group. But, body fluid, VC, MVV, T-C, HDL-C, HRpeak, V˙O_2rest, V˙O_2peak, V˙Erest, V˙Epeak and exercise time were significantly lower than that of control group. These results indicate that metabolic, hemodynamics, cardiopulmonary and nutritional status response at exercise stress test were significantly decreased on the reduced liver function group than that of control group. Thus, reduced liver function would seem the need of appropriate nutritional and exercise support for reduced liver function group to improve their nutritional state depending on the degree of liver function failure.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

중심교합위와 중심위간의 변위가 하악운동에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교연구

이지훈,김광남,장익태 대한두개하악장애학회 1991 대한두개하악장애학회지 Vol.3 No.1

ABSTRACT The discrepancy between centric relation and centric occlusion have a great role on the successful prosthodontic and occlusal treatment. This study was performed to investigate the effect of the discrepancy between centric relation and centric occlusion on condylar guidance inclination and Bennett shift (immediate and progres- sive side shift). Sixteen adults who have physiologically normal occlusion and are free of TMJ dysfunction were selected. The amount of the sagittal CR-CO discrepancy in lower anterior incisor was ob- tained by Saphon Visi-Trainer. The amount of the CR-CO discrepancy in condylar level was measure.d on the individualized corrected tomography. Pantronic survey was performed by using a arbitrary hinge axis according to manufacturer's direction. All subjects were divided into two groups, group I (small) and group II (large), according to the amount of CR-CO discrepancy. At first the amount of the CR-CO discrepancy in condylar level between two gro was compared and then the condylar guidance inclination and Bennett shift be" "si-i two grou -^ were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. The average CR-CO discrepancy in lower anterior incisors was 0./'in;r: ? . i., 0.49mm anteroposteriorly, and 0.88mm in total. The average CR-CO di lar level was 0.43mm. 2. The CR-CO discrepancy measured on teeth level and condylar level were highly correlate d (p<0.01). 3. The correlation of the condylar position in the glenoid fossa between two groups was not statistically significant. 4. The large CR-CO discrepancy group showed greater amount of Bennett shift ?-nd >,, guidance inclination, but there is no statistical significancy. 5. It seems that the CR-CO discrepancy have greater effect on progressive side shift than ol""r elements of mandibular movements. Keywords: centric occlusion, centric relation, immediate side stuti. '"ressiv orbiting condylar inclination, protrusive condylar inclmatio:i.

두개하악장애 환자의 하악운동에 관한 연구

허성주,김광남,장익태 대한 두개하악장애학회 1993 대한두개하악장애학회지 Vol.5 No.2

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the mandibular movements of TMD patients comparing to normal persons. Sirognathograph was used to measure five parameters of mandibular movements of twenty normal persons and eight TMDpatients. Five parameters were (1) Maximum opening during maximum opening and closing, (2) Mean velocity during maximum opening and closing, (3) Maximum opening during unilateral chewing, (4) Mean velocity during unilateral chewing, (5) Consistency of mandibular movement during unilateral chewing.Based on above results, new Mandibular Movement Index(M.M.L) was formulated and compared to Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index by measuring two indices before treatment and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks after treatment.The conclusions were as follows:1. The amounts of maximum opening and mean velocity during maximum opening and closing of TMD patients were less than those of normal persons (p<0.01). 2. The amounts of maximum opening and mean velocity during unilateral chewing of TMD patients were less than those of normal persons (p<0.05) (p<0.01). 3. Although TMD patients showed limited mandibular movements during unilateral chewing, the consistency of mandibular movements was better than that of normal persons (p<0.05). 4. Both mandibular movement index and Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index, were useful in diagnosing TMD patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mandibular movements of TMD patients comparing to normal persons. Sirognathograph was used to measure five parameters of mandibular movements of twenty normal persons and eight TMDpatients. Five parameters were (1) Maximum opening during maximum opening and closing, (2) Mean velocity during maximum opening and closing, (3) Maximum opening during unilateral chewing, (4) Mean velocity during unilateral chewing, (5) Consistency of mandibular movement during unilateral chewing. Based on above results, new Mandibular Movement Index(M.M.L) was formulated and compared to Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index by measuring two indices before treatment and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks after treatment. The conclusions were as follows: 1. The amounts of maximum opening and mean velocity during maximum opening and closing of TMD patients were less than those of normal persons (p<0.01). 2. The amounts of maximum opening and mean velocity during unilateral chewing of TMD patients were less than those of normal persons (p<0.05) (p<0.01). 3. Although TMD patients showed limited mandibular movements during unilateral chewing, the consistency of mandibular movements was better than that of normal persons (p<0.05). 4. Both mandibular movement index and Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index, were useful in diagnosing TMD patients.

PCNA Expression and Electron Microscopic Study of Acinus - Forming Hepatocytes in Chronic Hepatitis B

(Nam Ik Han),(Young Sok Lee),(Hwang Choi),(Jong Young Choi),(Seung Kyu Yun),(Se Hyun Cho),(Jun Youl Han),(Jin Mo Yang),(Byung Min Ahn),(Sang Wook Choi),(Chang Don Lee),(Sang Bok Cha),(Hee Sik Sun),(Do 대한내과학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.17 No.2

N/A Background: One of the major morphologic characteristics of hepatitis B is a hepatocellular regeneration which is induced by massive hepatocyte necrosis and associated with proliferative activity of hepatocytes. The purpose of this study is to document the proliferative activity of hepatocytes in various types of hepatitis B by immunohistochemical staining for proliferative cell nuclear antigen-labelling index (PCNA-LI) and electron microscopy. Methods: We studied 83 patients with hepatitis B; 11 cases of acute viral hepatitis, 24 cases of mild chronic hepatitis, 34 cases of severe chronic hepatitis with early cirrhosis and 14 cases of severe chronic hepatitis. The PCNA was tested by immunohistochemical staining using anti-PCNA antibody. Furthermore we evaluated the ultrastructure of acinus-forming hepatocytes (AFH) by electron microscopy. Results : The expression rate and labelling index of PCNA were 27.3% and 5.3±0.9% in acute viral hepatitis, 62.5% and 22.9 ±31.7% in mild chronic hepatits, and then 47.1% and 14.1± 24.2% in severe chronic hepatitis with early cirrhosis, respectively (Figure 1). By contrast, no detectable PCNA expression was noted in AFH. Electron microscopic findings showed that hepatocytes forming a rosette underwent marked degenerative changes with sinusoidal capillarization and increased fine strands of collagen fiber in portal area. Conclusion: The proliferative acitivity of hepatitis B was significantly decreased in severe chronic hepatitis containing AFH. This result suggested that differences in proliferative activity was associated with hepatic cell necrosis and AFH.

제주 송이를 이용한 방울토마토 양액재배에서 양액성분의 변화

張田益(Chang Jeun-ik),吳大民(Oh Dae-min),玄海男(Hyum Hae-nam) 한국생물환경조절학회 1994 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Changes in obese metabolic phenotypes over time and risk of incident chronic kidney disease

Nam, Ki Heon,Yun, Hae‐,Ryong,Joo, Young Su,Kim, Joohwan,Lee, Sangmi,Lee, Changhyun,Park, Kyoung Sook,Park, Jung Tak,Chang, Tae‐,Ik,Kang, Ea Wha,Yoo, Tae‐,Hyun,Kang, Shin‐,Wook Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2018 DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM Vol.20 No.12

<P><B>Aim</B></P><P>To examine the association between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) and study whether changes in metabolic phenotypes over time could affect CKD risk.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A total of 8589 subjects from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were categorized into four groups based on the presence of obesity and metabolic abnormalities (MA). The primary endpoint was an onset of incident CKD defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m<SUP>2</SUP>. Multivariable Cox analysis and time‐varying Cox analysis were performed to delineate the relationship between obese metabolic phenotypes and incident CKD after adjustment for sociodemographic factors and clinical and laboratory parameters.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>During a mean follow‐up duration of 9.3 years, CKD occurred in 782 (9.1%) participants. In the multivariable Cox model, the hazard ratio (HR) for incident CKD in the MHO, metabolically abnormal non‐obese (MANO), and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) groups was 1.42 (<I>P</I> = 0.002), 1.45 (<I>P</I> < 0.001), and 1.77 (<I>P</I> < 0.001), respectively, compared with the metabolically healthy non‐obese (MHNO) group. Time‐varying analysis with these four phenotypes as time‐varying exposures showed the same results. Furthermore, subjects with persistent MHO through follow‐up were at a 2.0‐fold increased risk of CKD (<I>P</I> < 0.001). 41.0% of subjects experienced phenotype changes during follow‐up. Over the long term, the MHO group had a higher proportion of transition to the MA phenotype and unfavourable metabolic profiles than the MHNO group. Among MHO subjects, those who transitioned to MAO were at a 4.1‐fold increased risk of incident CKD than those who regressed to MHNO. In addition, transition to MHO from other groups carried a higher risk of CKD than persistent MHNO.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>MHO subjects are at increased risk for incident CKD.</P>

Developement of the reinforced acrylic-based hybrid denture composite resin with vinyloligosilsesquioxane (POSS)

Nam, Kwang-Woo,Chang, Myung-Woo,Chang, Bok-Sook,Han, Dong-Hoo,Shim, June-Sung,Chang, Ik-Tae,Heo, Seong-Joo,An, Jung-Ho,Chung, Dong-June The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2000 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.38 No.6

The mainly used polymeric material for the denture is PMMA because of its cost and easiness to handle. So it was widely used material among dentists for past decades. But the acrylic-based denture materials have several common weak points such as shrinkage after curing and lack of strength. In order to solve these problems, we adapted one of hybrid system using acrylic polymer and vinyloligosilsesquioxane(POSS). POSS, which is a well known expandable monomer during polymerization process, may eventually suppress volumetric shrinkage. And the hybrid system makes it possible for the polymer to be stable in various severe conditions. Eight different kinds of samples were designed and synthesized. Each samples were characterized with dynamic mechanical analyser(DMA) to confirm their thermodynamic properties, fractured to analyze the cross-sectional morphology of the samples. And elongation, flexural and impact tests were also executed to evaluate the mechanical properties of the samples. From the results, hybrid composites had well defined crosslinked network structure compared to the widely used denture materials, and the mechanical strength improved without changing any surface condition as increment with POSS ratio in hybrid system. Fractured morphology showed homogeneous surfaces in spite of mutli component system, therefore we can conclude that the adoption of the POSS brought the reinforcement of the denture resin.