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이창석,한직현,김학렬 한국곤충학회 2002 Entomological Research Vol.32 No.1
To identify and characterize the HDLP (high density lipophorin) receptor from Galleria mellonella (LPRGm), we used techniques of ligand blotting. This method was, to our knowledge, f irstly used to characterize the lipophorin receptor (LPR) in insect. LPRGm had the approximate molecular weight of 100 kDa under non-reducing conditions and bound the HDLP very rapidly and specifically. The receptor had an absolute requirement of Ca2± but exceeding concentration of Ca2± has shown some inhibitory effect, and this result was supported by the effect of EDTA, here used for Ca2± chelating reagent. LPRGm has the high binding affinity to HDLP and its binding with HDLP was rapid and specif ic. Suramin (polysulfated polycyclic hydrocarbon) effectively inhibited the LPRGm and HDLP binding. LPRGm showed the stage speci.c binding activity especially in day 1-3 last instar larval, prepupal, and adult stages.
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이창석,김진영,유영한 한국생태학회 1998 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.21 No.3
Ameliorating effects of dolomite and sludge on the polluted soil sampled from Ulsan and yeocheon Industrial Complexes were investigated. Ameliorating effects were analysed by changes of soil properties and plant growth after treatment of dolomite and sludge. Soil properties were investigated by analysing organic matter, N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents and pH. Growth of sample plants was investigated by leaf area calculated from length and breadth of leaves and by biomass from diameter and height of sample plants. Quercus serrata and Celtis sinensis selected as tolerant plants in field survey were used as experimental plants. Treatment with dolomite showed ameliorating effects by increassing n, Ca, and Mg com\ntents, and pH of soil and by decreasing Al content. Treatment of sludge showed similar effects by increasing N, Ca, Mg and organic matter contents, and by decreasing A1 content. But treatment of sludge did not show any effect on pH. Both soil ameliorators showed accelerating effects on the growth of experimental plants in Ulsan soil. But those effects in Yeocheon soil were somewhat different. Treatment of sludge showed accelerating effects of the growth of both sample plants but dolomitic liming did not so. From those results, we confirmed availability of sludge, a kind of industrial waste, as one of ameliorators of the polluted soil. In addition, we recognized that soil properties had to be considered to select soil ameliorators suitable for restoration of degraded ecosystems.
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A Study on the Correlation between Pad Property and Material Removal Rate in CMP
이창석,이호준,정문기,정해도 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a process with relative motion between pad and wafer while supplying slurry which abrasive particles are dispersed. This process consists of mechanical action by contact between pad and wafer and chemical action by the slurry chemicals. There are various factors affecting on material removal rate (MRR) in CMP. Especially, the pad plays a role of mechanical action by direct contact with wafer. Real contact area (RCA) between pad and wafer is an important factor when considering real contact pressure, friction and wear of pad asperities, which affects on the MRR and within wafer non-uniformity (WIWNU). This paper proposes a correlation between pad property and MRR in CMP process. The pad after conditioning had sharp asperities and changed to blunt ones as the polishing time became longer. This phenomenon was clarified by the roughness parameter of Rku. The high Rku pad just after conditioning made a high real pressure to the wafer, resulting in high MRR during CMP.
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사르트르(J.-P. Sartre)의 ‘현상학적 시간론’에 관한 고찰 : 의식에 있어서 시간성과 영원성의 선험적 관계
이창석 범한철학회 2021 汎韓哲學 Vol.100 No.1
본 논문의 목적은 사르트르의 대자의 시간성과 영원성의 관계가 선험적으로 내적 관계를 이루고 있음을 연구하는 데 있다. 그에게서 시간은 근원적 시간성과 심리적 시간성으로 구분되는데, 전자는 인간이 이 세계에 출현한 것을 의미하고, 후자는 반성을 통하여 시간이 구성되는 것을 의미한다. 그에 의하면, 시간성의 중심은 반성이다. 그런데, 과거와 현재 그리고 미래는 독립적으로 존재하지 않기 때문에, 반성을 통하여 이 세 항은 존재론적으로 연결되어 의식의 구조, 즉 대자의 존재 구조를 이룬다. 먼저, 그에게서 현재란 대자로서 지속이며, 이 점은 베르그송과 유사하다. 베르그송에게서 시간성은 지속으로 인해 상호침투하지만, 사르트르는 이러한 상호침투는 ‘거주관계’밖에 되지 않는다고 비판한다. 오히려 사르트르에게서 현재의 의식이 과거의 의식이 되고, 미래를 기획하여, 시간성의 전체를 형성한다. 그런데, 사르트르에 의하면, 이러한 대자의 시간성은 즉자의 영원성과 선험적으로 연결되어 있다. 베르그송에게서 지속은 미래로 향하여 창조적 삶을 지향하지만, 사르트르에게서 대자는 언제나 즉자에 다가가 하나가 되고자 한다. 그것이 영원이고 쉼이다. 그러나 사르트르에 의하면, 대자는 자신의 무화적 행위로 인해 쉼을 얻지 못하고 지속한다. 따라서 사르트르의 입장에서 보자면, 베르그송의 지속은 불행한 의식일 수밖에 없다. The purpose of this paper is to study that the relationship between the temporality and the eternity of Sartre's for-itself has a priori inner relationship. In Sartre, time is divided into fundamental temporality and psychological temporality. The former means that humans have appeared in this world, and the latter means that time is constructed through reflection. In other words, according to him, the center of temporality is reflection. However, since the past, present and future do not exist independently, by reflection these three terms are connected ontologically to form the structure of consciousness, that is, the structure of being of for-itself. For him, the present is duration as for-itself, and this point is similar to that of Bergson, but in Bergson, temporality permeates due to continuity, but Sartre criticizes that this mutual invasion is only a "residency relationship." Rather, in Sartre, the present consciousness becomes the consciousness of the past, plans the future, and forms the whole of temporality. In Bergson, duration aims for a creative life toward the future, but in Sartre, for-itself always tries to approach the in-itself and become one. That is eternity and rest. However, for-itself continues without rest due to his act of nihilating. Therefore, from Sartre's point of view, Bergson's duration is bound to be an unfortunate consciousness.
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Computationally Effi cient and Accurate Simulation of Cyclic Behavior for Rectangular HSS Braces
이창석,성민수,한상환,지현우 한국강구조학회 2018 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.18 No.4
During earthquakes, braces behave in complex manners because of the asymmetric response nature of their responses in tension and compression. Hollow structural sections (HSS) have been popularly used for braces due to their sectional effi - ciency in compression. The purpose of this study is to accurately simulate the cyclic behavior of rectangular HSS braces using a computationally effi cient numerical model. A conceptually effi cient and simple physical theory model is used as a basis model. To improve the accuracy of the model, cyclic beam growth and buckling load, as well as the incidences of local buckling and brace fracture are estimated using empirical equations obtained from regression analyses using test data on rectangular HSS braces. The accuracy of the proposed model is verifi ed by comparing actual and simulated cyclic curves of brace specimens with various slenderness and width-to-thickness ratios.
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