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李家源 단국대학교 퇴계학연구소 1994 退溪學硏究 Vol.8 No.-
「보천탄즉사이수」 도화랑고기척허? 랑석몰정불지처. 야양려자실구기. 함어비입고포거『점필제집』「시집」 김종직의 작이다. 종직의 자는 이온이요, 호는 점필제이다. 이수 중의 제 1수이다. 심히 항고하였다. 「사방지이수」 강라심처기찬신? 탈각군우편로진. 조물종래용변환. 세간환유이의인. 남녀하번문좌파? 요호혈지패인가. 가두훤송하문전, 규리비가양백화. 『동상』 역시 점필제의 작이다. 시제 밑에「소제」가 있다. 그 경개는 이러하다. 사천 사방지는 음양 양구를 지닌 기형아이다. 어렸을 때부터 여장을 하고 침선을 익혔다. 양도가 심히 장하여 김구석의 과처 이씨와 사통하였으니 이씨는 판부사 순지의 딸이다. 세조 계미(1463)에 사헌부의 국문을 받았고, 세조는 또 승정원과 영순군 보, 하성위 정현조 등에 명하여 점검하였는데, 현조는 혀를 차면서 그 양구의 장대함을 칭도하였고, 세조는 웃고 특명을 내려 사방지를 석방하면서 “이로 순지의 가문을 더럽히는 것이 두렵노라.”라고 하였다. 순지가 죽은 후에 그 딸과 사방지는 더욱 방자하였으므로 신창현에 장배하였다. 점필제가 그 소문을 듣고 이 시를 썼다.
바이올린 테크닉적 연습곡(Technical Etudes)의 체계적 분석 : Kayser, Wohlfahrt, Dont, Kreutzer, Fiorillo를 중심으로
이가원 이화여자대학교 음악연구소 2006 이화음악논집 Vol.10 No.2
Musical expression and technique are two components on which the violin study should be focused. Etudes are usually written for developing technique or for remedial purpose. Often, etudes fill in the gap between exercises and real music. Thus, they provide an opportunity to master various skills in a musical setting. A series of etudes, however, is usually arranged in random rather than in progression of difficulty. Composers rarely indicate special features that they emphasize in the etudes. Until now, there has been no reference source a teacher could consult to determine which etudes are available for study of a particular technical difficulty at any specific level of a student's development. Without an extensive knowledge, it is difficult to decided appropriate etudes for an individual student with a specific technical problem. An analysis of commonly used violin technical etudes is designed to help teachers to assign etudes to students based on the technical difficulty and their grade level. The etudes selected in this study which are Kayser, Wohlfahrt, Mazas, Dont, Kreutzer, and Fiorillo, were determined by their availability in three or more published editions to be those most commonly used. Seventeen categories of the technical problem in violin playing were carefully defined, which are arpeggio, stroke on a single note, string crossing, bow division, up-bow staccato, sustained bow, legato, bow variation, chromatic passages, polyphonic playing, shifting, extension, left-hand dexterity, intonation, ornamentation, rhythmic difficulties, and stylish. For each etude, it is noted whether the technical problem being studied is a primary difficulty of that etude or whether the problem exists as a secondary component. Then, the result of the study was organized in the reverse direction. The etude was catalogued by technical difficulty. The list of etudes was classified from the simplest, elementary level to the most difficult, advanced level. The result of this study does not provide the solution to every technical difficulty a violinist might encounter, nor should it be used in a rigid prescriptive way. Rather it is intended to be a resource for the serious violin teachers and students in their search for a more effective and efficient program of violin study. Each etude can be cross-referenced and teachers or students may decide whether to study a particular technique in isolation or in conjunction with other technical difficulties.