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한민족 생활공간의 외연 확장과 성격 : 1920-30년대 우즈베키스탄 한인 조직을 중심으로
황영삼 사단법인 한국민족연구원 2024 민족연구 Vol.- No.83
Koreans were living in Central Asia even before the ‘1937 deportation’. The real foundation for this assertion can be found in ‘the Union of the Turkestan Koreans’ organized in 1924 in Tashkent and the agricultural artel ‘Ilsim’ organized in 1925. Although the overwhelming majority of Soviet Koreans lived in the Russian Far East, it is not well known that they already resided in major cities throughout the Soviet Union in the early 1920s. The Union of Koreans lasted for two years and had about 30 members. As a local-level Soviet Korean organization, the Union of Turkestan Koreans worked to protect the rights and develop the cultural level of Koreans living in the region, and one of its activities was the formation of an agricultural artel (cooperative). In other words, ‘Ilsim’ was an economic community organized by ethnic Koreans living in the Tashkent region. Afterwards, in 1931, several agricultural cooperatives gathered together to form a kolkhoz named ‘Okchavri(October)’’. ‘Okchavri’ Kolkhoz changed its name to ‘Politotzel’ in 1933 in memory of the political members of the Machine Tractor Station. In this situation, we faced a large number of Koreans due to the so-called forced migration of Koreans in 1937. Ultimately, in view of the existence of The Union of Turkestan Koreans organized in Tashkent in 1924 and ‘Ilsim’ artel organized the following year, we can conclude that Koreans had already established a living space in Central Asia before ‘the 1937 Deportation’. 한인들은 1937년 강제이주 사건 이전에도 중앙아시아 지역에서 거주하고 있었다. 그 근거는 타쉬켄트에서 1924년에 조직된 ‘한인연맹’과 1925년에 조직된 농업 아르텔‘일심’에서 찾을 수 있다. 투르케스탄 한인연맹은 2년간 지속되었고 조직원은 30여명에 달했다. 지방 수준의 한인조직으로서 투르케스탄 한인연맹은 해당 지역 거주한인들의 권익옹호와 문화수준의 발전을 위하여 활동했는데 그 하나가 바로 농업조합의 결성이었다. 즉 ‘일심’은 타쉬켄트 지역에서 거주하던 한인들이 조직한 경제공동체였다. 이후 1931년 몇 개의 농업조합이 모여 하나의 콜호즈가 결성되었는데 이름은‘옥차브리’였다. ‘옥차브리’ 콜호즈는 1933년에 이름을 ‘폴리토젤’로 바꾸었다. 1924년에 타쉬켄트에서 조직된 한인연맹과 이듬해에 조직된 일심 아르텔의 존재를 볼 때한인들은 1937년 강제이주 사건 이전에 이미 중앙아시아 지역에서 삶의 터전을 이루고있었음을 알 수 있는데 바로 이 점에서 한인들의 거주 공간에 대한 시각은 역사적으로보다 빠른 시기로 인식되어야 한다.
한민족 생활공간의 외연 확장과 성격: 1920-30년대 카자흐스탄 ‘카즈리스’ 농업조합을 중심으로
황영삼 한국슬라브․유라시아학회 2023 슬라브학보 Vol.38 No.1
This study aims to examine that the living space of the Korean people had already expanded to Central Asia, Europe, Russia, and Ukraine before the incident of 'forced migration of Koreans in the Far East' in 1937, focused on the 'Kazris (Kazakhstan rice cooperative, later Kolkhoz)'. This paper reveals through documentary data that Koreans had been living in the region for a long time before they were forcibly moved to Central Asia in 1937. Therefore, I would like to argue that Koreans have been active in the Eurasian region, specifically in the Soviet Union, for a long time, and this needs to be viewed from the perspective of the expansion of the Korean people's living space. ‘Kazris’ was organized in 1928 by Koreans living in the Far East of the Soviet Union after migrating to the Kazakh Autonomous Republic at the time, with about 300 members. At that time, the natural environment of the Kyzyl-Orda region was different from today, and the land was relatively fertile and the water quantity was abundant, so it was judged that it was possible to experiment with rice farming. About half of the members of ‘Kazris’ went to the Taldy-Kurgan region adjacent to Ushtobe in 1930 to form the ‘International’ kolkhoz and cultivated rice, because rice farming was possible due to the abundance of agricultural water in that area. Rice farming in the areas of Kyzyl-Orda and Taldy-Kurgan was considered successful. However, the Koreans people of Taldy-Kurgan had to return to Kyzyl-Orda because many of them were sacrificed because of malaria. In addition, the formation of ‘Kazris’ realized the possibility of rice cultivation in the Central Asian region, and showed that the Korean people were suitable for this process. This fact also possibly influenced the policy of Korean people’s deportation on a large scale from the Far East in 1937.
IFC 모델을 통한 도면으로부터의 물량산출 자동화 연구
황영삼 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.12
IFC is a de facto standard of Integrated building model in AEC/FM industry, which is growing in its international uses In this paper, a pilot research to examine the capabilities of IFC model for quantity takeoff is presented Three different types of subsets of the IFC model by categorization of quantity takeoff work are identified A quantity takeoff system based on the subsets has been Implemented When an IFC instance file created by a CAD system is imported, instances are put into a spatial hierarchy by a project browser Quantity takeoff is executed for an object selected from the hierarchy, the result being presented in a relational table This research proves that IFC model can be a base for AEC integration Comparison with previous works as well as future works to enhance model applicabilities are presented