골프공 스핀효과에 따른 비거리 시뮬레이션

한태종,김용선,이순호,Han, Tae-Jong,Kim, Yong-Sun,Lee, Soon-Ho 한국운동역학회 2003 한국운동역학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This study simulated the range of golf ball with different projection angles using a drive swing condition. For the simulation purpose, the differential equation of dynamics was induced by using Bernoulli's principle and average back spin frequency, instant velocity, and dimple of golf ball from amateur group, professional group, and Tiger Woods were chosen as the initial condition. The study result indicated that lift coefficient($C_{lift}$) relative to drag coefficient ($C_d$), 0.3 of differential equation was applied differently in terms of back spin Sequency, and when $C_{lift}$ was 0.4 for amateur, 0.5 for professional, and 0.7 for Tiger Woods the projection ranges of ball were closely matched with initial condition. With selected $C_{lift}$ and back spin frequency of initial condition, the ranges with different projection angle was measured as 193m ($13-17^{\circ}$) for amateur, 240m ($9-13^{\circ}$), professional and 273m ($9^{\circ}$)Tiger Woods, respectively. For the range in terms of back spin frequency and projection angle, the amateur group indicated relatively high spin frequency (70 RPS) and showed the maximal range (195m) with $13^{\circ}$ of projection angle. The tendency of longer range with higher projection angle was also found under the different conditions of spin frequency in this group. The professional group showed their maximal range (245m) with conditions of 60RPS of spin frequency and $9^{\circ}$ of projection angle. Their range was decreased dramatically when the spin frequency was reduced to 40-50 RPS. For Tiger Woods, the maximal range was found with 40RPS of spin frequency and the range was decreased notably when the spin frequency was above 40RPS.

스핀된 골프공의 동역학적인 연구

한태종 ( Han Tae Jong ),김용선 ( Kim Yong Seon ) 전주대학교 예술문화연구소 2003 예술문화 Vol.5 No.-

Cesium NMR in a Paramagnetic CsMnCl₃ Single Crystal

한태종(Tae Jong Han) 한국자기학회 1994 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.4 No.2

Nuclear magnetic resonance of ¹³³Cs in a CsMnCl₃ single crystal grown by the Czochralski method has been investigated by employing a Bruker FT NMR spectrometer. The ¹³³Cs resonance of two different groups were recorded. Various transitions belonging to two cesium spectra of a different intensity ratio are analyzed. The quadrupole coupling constant of Cs(I) is 0.15 ± 0.01 ㎒, and that of Cs(Ⅱ) is 0.21 ± 0.01 ㎒. The anisotropy parameter is zero for both. The principal axes of the EFG tensors for these two sites are found to be the same. The Z axis, conventionally the largest component of the EFG tensor, is parallel to the crystallographic c-axis.

영아/유아의 공기 주입 정복술 및 방사선 배뇨성 방광요도 조영술시 피폭 선량 경감을 위한 FluroGrab의 유용성

김상태(Sang-Tae Kim),최지원(Ji Won Choi),한태종(Tae-Jong Han) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

공기주입 정복술(pneumatic reduction) 및 방사선 배뇨성 방광요도 조영술(Voiding Cystourethrography: 이하 VCUG)는 일반적으로 영,유아에게서 행해지는데 이들 검사는 투시촬영과 spot 촬영으로 이루어지며 이때 투시촬영으로 인한 방사선 피폭은 불가피한 것이나 spot 촬영으로 인한 피폭은 투시 화면상의 관심영상을 capture하는 기능인 fluorograb을 이용하여 제거할 수 있다. fluorograb은 spot영상과 비슷한 진단가치를 지니고 있으며 최근 사용되고 있는 대부분의 투시촬영장비에서 지원되는 기능이지만 다수의 의사 및 방사선사는 이 기능을 인지하지 못하고 있거나 인지하고는 있으나 습관적으로 spot 촬영을 행하고 있는 실정이다. 이는 방사선에 매우 민감한 연령대에 속한 영.유아에서 적게는 10장 미만에서 많게는 20장 이상을 spot 촬영하게 되는 공기주입 정복술 및 VCUG에서 그 영향이 적지 않다 하겠다. 따라서 공기주입 정복술 및 VCUG 시행시 spot 촬영으로 인한 영.유 아의 피폭을 제거하기 위한 방법으로 spot 촬영을 대신한 fluorograb을 제안하며 이로 인한 기존의 공기주입 정복술 및 VCUG 시행시 영.유아의 피폭선량 경감 효과를 증명하고자 하였다. 공기주입 정복술 및 VCUG의 진단에 fluorograb은 spot 촬영과 비슷한 수준의 정확도를 보이는 안전하고 유용한 방법이여 공기주입 정복술 및 VCUG 시행시 spot 촬영을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. The Pneumatic Reduction and VCUG (Voiding Cystourethrography) are commonly used in the paediatric age group. The procedures had a particularly long fluroscopic screening time, despite a successful outcome for paediatric patients. Pneumatic Reduction and VCUG almost invariably requires fluoroscopic guidance which does confer a radiation dose. This article contains suggestions on how the radiation dose to paediatric patients from Pneumatic Reduction and VCUG can be made "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA). The aim of our study was eliminated in spot image applying the FluoroGrab, which has function of capturing an image of interest area from the picturing while fluoroscopic procedures. FluoroGrab has clinical value equivalent to the spot image, and is applied to the most recent fluoroscopic procedures. The radiologist and the radiographers should consider new option for decreasing the radiation exposure delivered to paediatric patients by making equipment modifications to the fluoroscopy to optimize radiation exposure reduction techniques. Thus, we propose the FluoroGrab instead of spot exposure for the reduction of patient exposure dose in paediatric, and try to confirm the effect of the mitigating amount of radiation exposure to paediatric patients when pneumatic reduction and VCUG. Fluorograb is the safe and useful method that shows the equivalent level of accuracy to spot exposure, and to minimize the radiation load to paediatric patients are to be the substitute for the spot exposure for Pneumatic Reduction and VCUG.

CBCT와 Simulation CT를 이용한 치료계획의 선량비교

조정근(Cho jung-keun),김대영(Kim dae-young),한태종(Han tae-jong) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

최근의 방사선치료용 선형가속기에 부착된 진단용 ㎸ 에너지 영역의 X선 선원과 아모퍼스 실리콘(a-Si)의 검출기로 구성된 온보드영상장치(OBI)를 이용하여 콘빔 전산화단층촬영영상(CBCT)획득이 가능하다. CBCT영상을 이용하여 치료계획을 세우게 되면 치료실에서 CT영상 촬영이 가능해짐으로써 고식적 치료 환자들의 부담이 많이 감소 될 수 있고 더 나아가 선량을 재계산하여 치료과정 중 치료계획 재수립도 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 CBCT를 이용한 치료계획과 기존의 모의치료용 CT를 이용한 치료계획을 비교 연구 함으로서 CBCT영상만으로 광자선 선량계산이 정확한지를 평가하고 임상에서 고식적방사선치료를 목적으로 하는 환자들을 대상으로 온라인 방사선치료계획의 가능성을 연구하였다. 선량계산에 필요한 CT수와 밀도간의 상호관계 확인을 위하여 Catphan 600 팬텀을 이용하여 교정곡선을 산출하였고 팬텀과 환자들의 모의치료용 CT영상과 CBCT영상을 획득하여 치료계획 및 선량계산 된 결과를 비교하였다. CBCT 영상을 이용한 치료계획에서의 MU차이는 중심점에 100cGy 처방하였을 때 Phantom에서의 경우 3~4MU로 약 2.7%, 환자에서의 경우 1~3MU로 약 2.5% 이하로 차이가 났다. 팬텀과 환자에서의 Monitor unit(MU)차이는 2.7%, 2.5% 이내였으나, CBCT영상의 경우 검출기의 크기의 제약 및 환자의 불수의적인 움직임에 의하여 전자밀도가 큰 물질에서 산란선과 artifact의 발생이 크게 증가한다. 따라서 뇌 및 폐 영역의 치료계획시 선량의 오차가 더 커질 수 있어 이에 대한 주의가 요구된다. 치료시작 전 CBCT 영상을 획득하여 환자의 자세와 내부 장기의 위치를 보정하고 선량을 재계산하여 치료계획을 재수립하는 적응방사선치료(ART)를 시행하기 위해서는 산란선과 움직임에 의한 artifact의 감소방안이 마련되어야할 것으로 사료된다. The use of cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) has been proposed for guiding the delivery of radiation therapy. A kilovoltage imaging system capable of radiography, fluoroscopy, and cone-beam computed tomography(CT) has been integrated with a medical linear accelerator. A standard clinical linear accelerator, operating in arc therapy mode, and an amorphous-silicon (a-Si) with an on-board electronic portal imager can be used to treat palliative patient and verify the patient's position prior to treatment. On-board CBCT images are used to generate patient geometric models to assist patient setup. The image data can also, potentially, be used for dose reconstruction in combination with the fluence maps from treatment plan. In this study, the accuracy of Hounsfield Units of CBCT images as well as the accuracy of dose calculations based on CBCT images of a phantom and compared the results with those of using CT simulator images. Phantom and patient studies were carried out to evaluate the achievable accuracy in using CBCT and CT stimulator for dose calculation. Relative electron density as a function of HU was obtained for both planning CT stimulator and CBCT using a Catphan-600 (The Phantom Laboratory, USA) calibration phantom. A clinical treatment planning system was employed for CT stimulator and CBCT based dose calculations and subsequent comparisons. The dosimetric consequence as the result of HU variation in CBCT was evaluated by comparing MU/cCy. The differences were about 2.7% (3-4MU/100cGy) in phantom and 2.5% (1-3MU/100cGy) in patients. The difference in HU values in Catphan was small. However, the magnitude of scatter and artifacts in CBCT images are affected by limitation of detector's FOV and patient's involuntary motions. CBCT images included scatters and artifacts due to In addition to guide the patient setup process, CBCT data acquired prior to the treatment be used to recalculate or verify the treatment plan based on the patient anatomy of the treatment area. And the CBCT has potential to become a very useful tool for on-line ART.)

Image Comparisons using a Diethylenetriaminetriacetic Acid Derivative and Gd-DTPA

조정근(Jung-Keun Cho),이채호(Chai-Ho Lee),한태종(Tae-Jong Han),임청환(Cheong-Hwan Lim),김정남(Jung-Nam Kim),최지원(Ji Won Choi) 한국콘텐츠학회 2008 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.8 No.11

본 연구는 상자성이며 중성자를 흡수하는 힘이 큰 gadolinium(Ⅲ) 전이금속과 polyaminocarboxylic ligand를 합성하여 제조한 MRI 조영제와 현재 임상에서 널리 사용되고 있는 Gd-DTPA의 영상을 비교하였다. 1.0T(Harmony, SIEMENS) MR 장비를 이용하여 Saline 100㏄에 Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid 유도체와 Gd-DTPA를 각각 0.05m㏖/L, 0.1m㏖/L, 0.15m㏖/L, 0.2m㏖/L, 0.3m㏖/L, 0.5m㏖/L, 1m㏖/L, 2m㏖/L, 3m㏖/L, 4 m㏖/L로 희석한 팬텀을 영상화하였다. Head Coil을 사용하였으며, SE Pulse sequence와 영상변수는 TE를 14㎳, 1NEX, matrix는 256×201로 고정하고, TR을 300㎳, 400㎳, 500㎳, 600㎳, 700㎳, 800㎳, 900㎳, 1000㎳, 1200㎳, 1400㎳, 1600㎳로 변화하여 각 조영제의 농도와 TR의 변화에 따른 신호강도와 단순대조도비를 비교하였다. 측정된 자료는 통계패키지 프로그램인 SAS v8.1(GLM procedeur)을 사용하여 분석하였다. 조영제의 농도와 TR의 변화에 따른 영상의 신호강도를 비교한 결과 최대신호강도를 보인 1~2m㏖/L에서 두 조영제간의 차이는 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 1m㏖/L 이하의 낮은 농도에서는 Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid 유도체의 신호강도가 현저히 높은 것을 알 수 있다. 단순대조도비를 비교한 결과에서도 신호강도와 같은 양상을 보였으며, 대체로 1m㏖/L 이하의 낮은 농도에서는 Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid 유도체가 Gd-DTPA에 비해 높은 대조도비를 보이고 그 이상의 농도에서는 Gd-DTPA의 대조도비가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 TR에 따라 각각의 조영제 농도별 신호강도의 차이가 현저한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 Gd-DTPA에 비해 Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid 유도체의 효능이 뛰어나며, 조영제의 농도에 맞추어 적절한 TR을 사용하여 최적의 영상을 얻어야 할 것으로 사료된다. In this study, image comparisons were carried out using a MRI contrast medium which was derived by mixing a polyaminocarboxylic ligand and a gadolinium (Ⅲ) transition metal which is paramagnetic and has good neutron absorbing capabilities with Gd-DTPA which is currently being used widely in the clinical setting. By using a 1.0T (Harmony, SIEMENS) MR equipment, phanto㎳ of which 100㏄ of saline was diluted with a diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid derivative and Gd-DTPA were imaged. The amount of diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid and Gd-DTPA which was diluted into the 100㏄ of saline was 0.05m㏖/L, 0.1m㏖/L, 0.15m㏖/L, 0.2m㏖/L, 0.3m㏖/L, 0.5m㏖/L, 1.0m㏖/L, 2.0m㏖/L, 3.0m㏖/L and 4.9m㏖/L respectively. Head coils were used and while fixing the SE pulse sequence and image variable (as TE is 14㎳, 1NEX with a 256x201 matrix), the signal intensity and simple contrast ratios a㏄ording to changing concentrations and TR were compared with various TR at 300㎳, 400㎳, 500㎳, 600㎳, 700㎳, 800㎳, 900㎳, 1000㎳, 1200㎳, 1400㎳ and 1600㎳. A㏄ording to the comparison results of the signal intensity of the image based on changes in contrast medium concentrations and TR, the differences in signal intensity between the two contrast mediu㎳ were found to be small at 1.0~2.0m㏖/L when the highest signal intensity was achieved. However, at concentrations of 1.0m㏖/L or less, the signal intensity was markedly higher in the Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid derivative than in the Gd-DTPA complex. It was also found that the differences in the signal intensities demonstrated by the concentrations of the contrast mediu㎳ were affected by the TR. Accordingly, the efficacy of the Diethylenetriaminetriacetic acid derivative was shown to be better than the Gd-DTPA and also possible to get the optimum image quality by the use of an appropriate TR with appropriate concentrations of contrast medium.

Temperature Dependence of ²³Na NMR in a NaMnCl₃ Single Crystal

임애란(Ae Ran Lim),김지은(Ji Eun Kim),한태종(Tae Jong Han) 한국자기학회 1995 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.5 No.3

The temperature dependence of ²³Na nuclear magnetic resonance in a NaMnCI₃ single crystal grown by the Czochralski method has been investigated by employing a Bruker FT NMR spectrometer operating at 4.7 T. The quadrupole coupling constant of ²³Na in NaMnCI₃ increases as the temperature increases. The temperature dependence of e²qQ / h may be fitted with a linear equation of the form e²qQ / h = 155 + 0.117 (T-Tr) ㎑ for the temperature range of 140-380 K.

안와 및 안부속기 종양의 방사선치료에서 백내장의 예방을 위한 렌즈보호 장치의 효용성

조정근(Jung-Keun Cho),조현상(Hyun-Sang Cho),한태종(Tae-Jong Han) 한국콘텐츠학회 2007 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.7 No.12

안와 림프종의 치료에 가장 효과적인 치료법인 방사선 치료는 안구 질환의 증가로 인해 계속 늘어나는 추세이다. 항암화학요법과 치료 기술의 비약적인 발전으로 치료 및 예후가 좋아지고는 있지만 백내장, 안구건조, 망막병증 등의 부작용이 발생되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 안와 림프종의 방사선치료 시 백내장 발생의 방어수단으로써 Lens Shielding Device(이하 LSD)를 고안 제작하였고 이의 제작방법과 방사선 차폐 정도에 대해 알아보았다. 안구 표면에 해당하는 깊이에서 TLD의 측정결과는 3개의 평균값이 5.7%로 나타났고 관심부위인 수정체의 위치에서는 TLD 4.2%, markus chamber 5.1%의 선량값을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 안와에 발생한 림프종의 방사선 치료로 인한 부작용을 예방하기 위해 제작한 LSD는 치료 중 조사받게 되는 총 30Gy의 선량 중에서 5%에 해당하는 약 1.5Gy의 방사선량만이 수정체와 각막에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되어 백내장의 역치선량인 2Gy와 임상적으로 백내장이 발생된다고 보고된 5Gy보다 적은 선량이 조사됨을 알 수 있었다. 방사선 치료 시 발생할 수 있는 여러 부작용의 예방에 유용한 기구임을 확인하였고 환자의 안구와 일치되도록 개인별로 제작하여 착용 시 이물감에 의한 불편을 줄일 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 치료 시 고정 또한 매우 용이함을 검증하였다. Radiotherapy which is the most effective for orbit lymphoma has been used increasingly due to the increase of orbit or ocular adnexal tumor patients. Curative effects and convalescence have been being more satisfied thanks to remarkable development of cancer chemotherapy and medical treatments, but side effects such as cataract, dry eye and retinopathy still break out. Thus, in this study, a Lens Shielding Device (LSD hereafter) was designed to prevent occurring of cataract due to radiation therapy for orbit lymphoma and its efficacy through dosimetry were evaluated. And in this paper, its manufacturing process was also explained. LSD is composed of a cover body covering the lens and a side fixing part supporting the cover body. To measure radiation, the patient therapy conditions were simulated and the measurement of the radiation was conducted with Thermo Luminescence Detector (TLD) and Markus chamber. The average TLD value was 5.7% and the TLD value and Markus chamber value were acquired as 4.2% and 5.1% respectively at 6 mm depth where zero lens center was located. Only 1.5Gy (30Gy× 5%) or 5% of total 30Gy with 9 MeV electron beam is estimated to affect on patient's lens. That is smaller dose than the threshold value of cataract (2Gy) or the value (5Gy) that was reported to cause cataract in clinical conditions. Thus, these findings suggest that LSD be very useful for prevention of cataract during radiotherapy for malignant lymphoma of orbit and ocular adnexa. Furthermore, it might be possible to reduce patient's discomfort caused by alien substances and to make it easier to fix the device with customized manufacturing manners.

A Study on the Usefulness of 3D Imaging in Micro-CT for Observing the Microstructure of Mice

이상호,이종석,임청환,정홍량,채규윤,한범휘,한상현,홍동희,한태종,박성훈,모은희,전홍영,Lee, Sang-Ho,Lee, Jong-Seok,Lim, Cheong-Hwan,Jung, Hong-Ryang,Chai, Kyu-Yun,Han, Beom-Hee,Han, Sang-Hyun,Hong, Dong-Hee,Han, Tae-Jong,Park, Sung-Hoon,Mo The Society of Digital Policy and Management 2014 디지털융복합연구 Vol.12 No.3

본 연구는 실시간 동적영상(Real-time dynamic image)을 획득할 수 있는 고해상도 엑스선 영상장치인 마이크로 CT 을 이용하여 흰쥐의 미세 혈관구조를 관찰함은 물론 국내 원광 방사선영상 과학연구 센터에서 개발한 마이크로 CT 에 대한 유용성을 알아보고자 한다. 흰쥐 몸 전체의 2D 영상을 얻은 후 MIP(maximum intensity projection), VRT(volume rendering technique)기법을 이용하여 혈관구조의 조영된 3D 영상을 얻을 수 있었고 이 3D 혈관 영상을 머리, 복부, 심장과 몸 전체의 혈관시스템으로 각각 분류하였다. In this thesis we observe microvascular structure in mice by using micro-computed tomography (CT), which is high-resolution X-ray imaging equipment that can acquire Real-time dynamic image, and it aims to investigate the usefulness of micro-CT developed by Institute for Radiological Imaging Science Wonkwang University School of Medicine. After acquiring the systemic images of rats, contrast-enhanced 3D images of vascular structures could be acquired by using Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) and Volume Rending Technique (VRT), This was divided into each vascular system of head, abdomen and heart and systemic vascular system.

K_2CuCl_4·2H_2O 단결정내의 수소핵자기 공명

韓泰鍾 Natural Science Research Institute JEONJU UNIVERSI 1986 전주대학교 자연과학연구소 학술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of ^1H in K_2CuCl_4·2H_2O has been measured with 3MHz at room temperature. The resonance data is analyzed in terms of the nuclear Zeeman interaction and nuclear dipole-dipole interaction. The distance between hydrogen nuclei is obtained from this analysis. The obtaind result is r=1.63±0.01A. This is in good agreement with the values previously reported.