하악신경차단으로 도움받은 삼차신경통환자의 영양섭취 및 간기능회복

차영덕(Young Deog Cha),김천숙(Chun Sook Kim) 대한통증학회 1998 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.11 No.1

It is well known that many patients with trigeminal neuralgia suffer from electric shock-like stabbing pains. The pain can be triggered by nonnoxious stimuli such as touching of the face, chewing, talking or swallowing. This 62 year old woman was urgently admitted to the internal medicine department due to abdominal distention and severe general weakness. She has suffered characteristic violent pain triggered by chewing and swallowing for little over 4 years. This resulted in poor oral feeding for prolonged period which left her severely debilitated. The large amount of ascites that developed 20 days before admission and extreme emaciation forced her to bed rest. She also suffered from Herpes Zoster. After medical treatment to improve liver function and severe pain was persisted, the patient was referred to our department for control of pain. We performed right mandibular block with 1% dibucaine 0.4 ml and the effect was excellent. After the pain had subsided, patient was able to take meals more comfortably and improved liver function returned.

백서의 절개 모델에서 시간에 따른 조직 유산 농도의 변화

차영덕 ( Young Deog Cha ),이홍식 ( Hong Sik Lee ),한정욱 ( Jeong Uk Han ),정종권 ( Jong Kwon Jung ),이춘수 ( Choon Soo Lee ),신성호 ( Sung Ho Shin ),임현경 ( Hyun Kyoung Lim ),김태정 ( Tae Jung Kim ) 대한통증학회 2004 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.17 No.2

전략적 인적자원관리에 있어서 인사부서의 역할이 조직성과에 미치는 영향

차영덕(Cha, Young Duk),장영철(Chang, Young Chul) 피터드러커 소사이어티 2010 창조와 혁신 Vol.3 No.2

오늘의 지식기반경제시대에서 인적자원은 물론 인적자원관리 또한 기업의 경쟁 우위와 지속가능 발전을 위한 핵심요인으로 부각되고 있으며 전략적 인적자원관리와 조직성과의 관계에 관하여는 선행연구가 적지 않으나 인적자원관리의 유용성에 대한 인식의 제고와 실무적 발전을 위하여는 여전히 연구의 축적이 필요하다. 연구결과 전략적 인적자원관리의 7가지 구성요소는 모두 조직성과 면에서 유용성이 실증적으로 검증되어 전략적 인적자원관리의 보편적 접근법의 선행연구들과 일치하는 결과를 나타냈으며 이들간 상대적 중요도도 확인되었는데 상대적 중요도가 가장 높은 것은 정보공유였으며 다음으로 지위격차해소, 참여적 직무설계 등의 순이었으며 가장 낮은 것은 고용보장의 정도였다. 또한, 인사부서의 4가지 역할특성 중 최근 경영환경변화에 따라 그 중요성이 점차 부각되고 있는 전략적 파트너특성, 변화 촉진자특성은 전략적 인적자원관리와 조직성과의 관계에서 조절효과가 부분적으로 검증되었다. In the knowledge-based economy era when is marked by rapid globalization, accelerated digital revolution and growing uncertainty of management environments, not only human resources but human resources management is one of key factors to attain the competitive advantage and sustainable growth. The findings of the study were as follows. The seven practices of SHRM, which were selective hiring, extensive training, compensation contingent on organizational performance, participative job design, extensive sharing of financial and performance information, reduction of status differences and employment security suggested by Pfeffer(1997), turned out to be useful for organizational performance involving job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. Thus, the importance of SHRM was proven. When the relative importance of the subvariables of SHRM was checked, the relative importance of extensive sharing of financial and performance information was largest, and that of employment security was smallest. The hypothesis that the two subvariables of the HR's department role characteristics, which include the characteristics of strategic partners, those of change agents, might have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between SHRM and organizational performance was partially accepted.

다양한 증상을 호소한 대퇴 절단지통

차영덕(Young Deog Cha),김일호(Il Ho Kim),김유재(Yu 대한통증학회 1994 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.7 No.1

This is a study of decrease in both stump pain and unidentified complaints after removal of neuroma on an amputated left thigh. The patient was a 44 year old woman who received an operation after a motorcycle accident 20th of March, 1991. She started a rehabilitation program in early June of the same year. How- ever the patient complained of a squeezing pain on the amputated area. This symptom became more severe after the removal of the nails in September. The pain was perceived as a mental problem and the patient was released from the previous hospital. The pain continued and on the 9th of March, 1992, the patient was introduced to our pain clinic. The patient complained about the cold sensation and pressure pain of the amputated area at the beginning. Later she also expressed various unidentified complaints. No improvement resulted after conducting an epidural block and a lumbar sympathetic ganglion block. MMPI test showed psychological in- stability. Local injection showed some positive effects, which led to considerations concerning the possibility of neuroma. After confirming the existence of neuroma through CT and MRI, neuromectomy was performed. After the removal of neuroma, the unidentified complaints as well as the stump pain decreased

성상신경절 차단이 혈장 ACTH 및 Cortisol 치에 미치는 영향

채영근(Young Geun Choi),송장호(Jang Ho Song),임현경(Hyun Kyung Lim),한정욱(Jung Wook Han),이성근(Seong Keun Lee),차영덕(Young Deog Cha),신재규(Jae Kue Shin),류중하(Jung Ha Ryu) 대한통증학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.15 No.1

N/A Background: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is a sympathetic nerve block method which has been used most frequently in pain clinics due to its wide range of indications. This study was conducted to determine the endocrinologic response to repeated SGBs. Methods: Thirteen healthy volunteers were studied. SGB was performed one hunderd times with 6 ml of 1% mepivacaine. Venous blood was drawn to measure plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol consentration before and after SGB for twenty, forty, sixty, eighty and one hundred times. The blood was drawn at 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. every sampling day. Results: The plasma concentration of eortisol at 8:00 a.m. was significantly higher after SGB one hundred times than prior to SGB. The plsma concentration at 4:00 p.m. was significantly higher after SGB forty times than prior to SGB. The ACTH concentration was significantly times at 4:00 p.m. Conclusions: After SGB, the plasma concentration of cortisol tended to increase while the ACTH levels tended to decrease. However, the effects of endocrinologic response to SGB were unclear since all values were within the normal limit.

The Effects of Majarol on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Rats and Isolated Frog Heart

이종화,박영현,조병헌,김유재,김종배,김천숙,차영덕,김영석,Lee Jong-Hwoa,Park Young-Hyun,Cho Byung-Heon,Kim Yu-Jae,Kim Jong-Bae,Kim Chun-Sook,Cha Young-Deog,Kim Young-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1986 대한약리학잡지 Vol.22 No.1

본 실험실에서는 한국 특산인 매자나무 (Berberis koreana Palibin)의 뿌리에서 majarine(isoquinoline alkaloid)을 분리하여 여러 가지의 약리작용을 검토한 바 있다. 현재는 majarine의 화학적 구조를 변화시켜 그 유도체의 약리작용을 검색하고 있으며, 그 중 majarine의 isoquinoline ring에 치환되어 있는 두 methoxy group 중 하나를 hydroxy기로 치환된 majarol을 합성하였다. Majarol을 흰쥐 정맥내로 투여하여 혈압 및 심박동수의 변화와 epinephrine, phentolamine, isoproterenol, propranolol, atropine, diphenhydramine과 hexamethonium 등에 대한 약물 상호작용을 관찰하였으며 또 적출 개구리 심장에 대한 작용을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. Majarine을 저용량(0.5-2 mg/kg)에서 용량의존적으로 현저하고 일시적인 혈압 강하와 약간의 심박동수 감소를 나타냈으며, 고용량(>5mg/kg)에서는 이차적으로 지속적인 혈압강하와 심박동수 감소를 나타냈다. 일시적인 혈압강하작용은 atropine sulfate, diphenhydramine과 hexamethonium에 의해 억제되지 않았고, epinephrine의 혈압 상승작용은 majarol의 전처치로 현저하게 차단되었으며, majarol 투여시 나타나는 지속적인 혈압 강하는 심박동수 감소에 수반되어 나타났고 이는 propranolol에 의해 억제되지 않았으며, isoproterenol의 positive chronotropic effect는 majarol 전처치로 차단되지 않았다. majarol은 저용량에서 적출개구리 심장의 수축기 장력을 증가시켰으며 고용량에서는 개구리 적출심장에 대해 억제적으로 작용하였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 majarol의 일시적이고 현저한 혈압강하작용은 ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor 차단작용에 의한 것으로 사료되고, 이차적으로 나타나는 지속적인 혈압강하작용은 심박동수의 감소와 동시에 나타나는 것으로 보아 심장에 대한 작용인 것으로 추정되며, majarol의 심장에 대한 작용을 ${\beta}$-adrenoceptor에 대한 작용보다는 심근에 대한 직접적인 작용인 것으로 추정된다. In our previous studies, we had clarified many pharmacological effects of majarine: the bacteriostatic effect in vitro; the potentiation of hypnotic action of alcohol; hypotensive effect in rats and hypothermic effect in mice. This study was undertaken to search for a new antihypertensive drug. Red crystalline was obtained from majarine (which was extracted from Berberis koreana Palibin) by chemical methods. And this crystalline was identified as $C_{19}H_{16}NO_4$ contained one hydroxy group instead of methoxy group of majarine in isoquinoline ring and named 'Majarol' (5,6-Dihydro-9-hydroxy, 10-methoxybenzo-[g]-1,3-benzodioxolo [5,6-a] quinolizinium). We examined the effects of majarol on blood pressure and heart rate in urethane ancsthetized rats and the rate and amplitude of contraction of isolated frog heart. Several drugs: atropine sulfate, diphenhydramine chloride, hexamethonium bromide, phentolamine, epinephrine, propranolol and isoproterenol were used to clarify the mechanism of the hypotensive action of majarol. The results of experimints were as follows; 1. In low dose (0.5-2mg/kg, i.v.), majarol showed a typical transient hypotensive effect and slight decrease in heart rate. In high dose (5-10 mg/kg, i.v.), majarol showed a typical transient and a subsequent prolonged hypotensive effect and a significant prolonged decrease in heart rate was followed. 2. The hypotensive effects of majarol was not abolished by the pretreatments with atropine sulfate, hexamethonium bromide and diphenhydramine. The pretreatment with phentolamine inhibited significantly the hypotensive effects of majarol and the pretreatment wtih majarol blocked markedly the hypertensive effect of epinephrine. The positive chronotropic effect of isoproterenol was not blocked by the pretreatment with majarol. 3. In low dose, majarol increased the amplitude and decreased rate of contraction, but in high dose, majarol inhibited the amplitude and rate of contraction of isolated frog heart.

Cyclobuxine D의 prostaglandin 합성과 백혈구 유주에 미치는 영향

이종화(Jong-Hwoa Lee),박영현(Young-Hyun Park),조병헌(Byung-Heon Cho),김유재(Yu-Jae Kim),김종배(Jong-Bae Kim),김정목(Chung-Mok Kim),김천숙(Chun-Sook Kim),차영덕(Young-Deog Cha),김영석(Young-Suk Kim) 대한약리학회 1987 대한약리학잡지 Vol.23 No.1

본 실험실에서는 회양목(Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai)으로 부터 steroid성 alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D를 분리하였고, 그의 여러 약리작용을 검색하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 cyclobuxine D의 guinea pig lung homogenate에서 prostaglandins의 합성에 미치는 영향과 carrageenin으로 유도한 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대한 영향을 관찰하였다. Cyclobuxine D (up to 100ug/ml)는 guinea pig lung homogenate에 의한 prostaglandins 합성에 대해서는 현저한 영향이 없었으나, 20mg/kg에서 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대해 현저한 억제작용을 나타낸다. Aspirin은 vivo와 vitro에서 prostaglandin의 합성을 억제하나, 염증 삼출물에서 백혈구 유주에 대해서는 영향이 거의 없다. Dexamethasone은 vitro에서 외인성 arachidcnic acid를 기질로 가했을때는 prostaglandin 합성에 대해 영향이 없었고 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 cyclobuxine D의 항염증작용은 phospholipase A₂ activity를 저해하여 항염증 작용을 나타내는 것으로 사료되는 corticosteroid와 유사한 것으로 추정된다. Cyclobuxine D was extracted from Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai. The effects of cyclobuxine D on the biosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid in guinea pig lung, prostaglandin production and leukocyte migration in carrageenin-induced inflammation was investigated. These effects of cyclobuxine D were compared with those of aspirin and dexamethasone. Cyclobuxine D does not inhibit significantly cyclooxygenase in guinea pig lung but reduces prostaglandin concentration and leukocyte migration in inflammatory exudates. These effects of cyclobuxine D differ from that of aspirin which inhibits biosynthesis of prostaglandin in vitro and has a relative small effect on leukocyte migration. Dexamethasone, which does not inhibit cyclooxygenase in vitro, has an effect similar to that of cyclobuxine D on leukocyte migration and prostaglandin production in inflammatory exudates.

Effects of Cyclobuxine D on the Biosynthesis of Prostaglandins in Vitro, Prostaglandins Production and Leukocyte Migration in Vivo

이종화,박영현,조병헌,김유재,김종배,김정목,김천숙,차영덕,김영석,Lee, Jong-Hwoa,Park, Young-Hyun,Cho, Byung-Heon,Kim, Yu-Jae,Kim, Jong-Bae,Kim, Chung-Mok,Kim, Chun-Sook,Cha, Young-Deog,Kim, Young-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1987 대한약리학잡지 Vol.23 No.1

Cyclobuxine D was extracted from Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai. The effects of cyclobuxine D on the biosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid in guinea pig lung, prostaglandin production and leukocyte migration in carrageenin-induced inflammation was investigated. These effects of cyclobuxine D were compared with those of aspirin and dexamethasone. Cyclobuxine D does not inhibit significantly cyclooxygenase in guinea pig lung but reduces prostaglandin concentration and leukocyte migration in inflammatory exudates. These effects of cyclobuxine D differ from that of aspirin which inhibits biosynthesis of prostaglandin in vitro and has a relative small effect on leukocyte migration. Dexamethasone, which does not inhibit cyclooxygenase in vitro, has an effect similar to that of cyclobuxine D on leukocyte migration and prostaglandin production in inflammatory exudates. 본 실험실에서는 회양목(Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai)으로 부터 steroid성 alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D를 분리하였고, 그의 여러 약리작용을 검색하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 cyclobuxine D의 guinea pig lung homogenate에서 prostaglandins의 합성에 미치는 영향과 carrageenin으로 유도한 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대한 영향을 관찰하였다. Cyclobuxine D (up to 100ug/ml)는 guinea pig lung homogenate에 의한 prostaglandins 합성에 대해서는 현저한 영향이 없었으나, 20mg/kg에서 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대해 현저한 억제작용을 나타낸다. Aspirin은 vivo와 vitro에서 prostaglandin의 합성을 억제하나, 염증 삼출물에서 백혈구 유주에 대해서는 영향이 거의 없다. Dexamethasone은 vitro에서 외인성 arachidcnic acid를 기질로 가했을때는 prostaglandin 합성에 대해 영향이 없었고 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 cyclobuxine D의 항염증작용은 phospholipase $A_2$ activity를 저해하여 항염증 작용을 나타내는 것으로 사료되는 corticosteroid와 유사한 것으로 추정된다.

Cyclobuxine D의 흰쥐에 있어서 ECG와 심박동수에 패한 작용과 적출 개구리 심장에 대한 작용

이종화(Jong-Hwoa Lee),박영현(Young-Hyun Park),조병헌(Byung-Heon Cho),김유재(Yu-Jae Kim),김종배(Jong-Bae Kim),김천숙(Chun-Sook Kim),차영덕(Young-Dong Cha),김영석(Young-Suk Kim) 대한약리학회 1986 대한약리학잡지 Vol.22 No.2

본 실험실에서는 민간요법으로 말라리아와 성병등의 치료제로 사용되어온 회양목(Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai)에서 steroid성 alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D와 nonalkaloid인 buxuletin을 분리하였다. Buxuletin의 가토에 있어서 이뇨작용에 대해서는 본 실험실에서 보고한바 있으며 cyclobuxine D의 약리작용에 대한 보고는 지금까지 전무한 상태이다. 본 실험에서는 새로운 항부정맥 약물의 밭견의 일환으로 cyclobuxine D의 적출 개구리 심장에 대한 작용과 마취시킨 흰쥐의 ECG와 심박동수에 대한 작용을 관찰하였다. Cyclobuxine D는 적출 개구리 심장에 대해 용량의존적 심근 수축력 감소를 나타냈으며 흰쥐에 있어서 현저한 심박동수 감소를 나타냈다. Cyclobuxine D는 흰쥐의 ECG에 있어서 PR interval과 R αT interval을 연장시키며, QRS complex와 PR interval의 심박동수에 대한 보상치인 PRc에 대해서는 고용량에서는 연장시키나 그 작용이 현저하지 않다. 이 결과로 보아 cyclobuxine D는 흰쥐의 ECG에서 A-V conduction과 ventricular depolarization에 주로 관여하는 것으로 사료 되며 이는 기존의 antiarrhythmic drugs과 비교해 볼 때 quinidine sulfate와 유사성이 있다고 추정된다. This study was undertaken to search for a new antiarrhythmic agent in natural plants. Extracts of Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai have been used as folk remedies of several diseases, including malaria and venereal disease, but any study on the pharmacological actions of this plant has not yet been carried out and its active ingredients have not been identified. In our laboratory, we isolated buxuletin (nonalkaloid) and cyclobuxine D (steroidal alkaloid) from Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai and reported their pharmacological actions: diuretic effects of buxuletin in rabbits and hypotensive effect of cyclobuxine D in rats. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cyclobuxine D on isolated frog heart and heart rate in urethane anesthetized rats. In order to clarify the mechanism of bradycardic effect of cyclobuxine D, we examined the changes of the ECG parameters (PR, QRS and R α T interval) produced by intravenous injection of cyclobuxine D in anesthetized rats. Cyclobuxine D depressed the contractile force in isolated frog heart and exerted a dose-dependent bradycardic effect in anesthetized rats. Intracerebroventricular injection of cyclobuxine D caused a fall in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, but those effects were not significant. Cyclobuxine D prolonged the PR interval and RaT interval (α Tindicates the apex of T), but was without significant effects on the duration of the QRS complex and PRc in urethane anesthetized rats.

Effects of Cyclobuxine D on the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Heart Rate in Anesthetized Rats and Isolated Frog Heart

이종화,박영현,조병헌,김유재,김종배,김천숙,차영덕,김영석,Lee, Jong-Hwoa,Park, Young-Hyun,Cho, Byung-Heon,Kim, Yu-Jae,Kim, Jong-Bae,Kim, Chun-Sook,Cha, Young-Dong,Kim, Young-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1986 대한약리학잡지 Vol.22 No.2

본 실험실에서는 민간요법으로 말라리아와 성병등의 치료제로 사용되어온 회양목(Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai)에서 steroid성 alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D와 nonalkaloid인 buxuletin을 분리하였다. Buxuletin의 가토에 있어서 이뇨작용에 대해서는 본 실험실에서 보고한바 있으며 cyclobuxine D의 약리작용에 대한 보고는 지금까지 전무한 상태이다. 본 실험에서는 새로운 항부정맥 약물의 밭견의 일환으로 cyclobuxine D의 적출 개구리 심장에 대한 작용과 마취시킨 흰쥐의 ECG와 심박동수에 대한 작용을 관찰하였다. Cyclobuxine D는 적출 개구리 심장에 대해 용량의존적 심근 수축력 감소를 나타냈으며 흰쥐에 있어서 현저한 심박동수 감소를 나타냈다. Cyclobuxine D는 흰쥐의 ECG에 있어서 PR interval과 P ${\alpha}T$ interval을 연장시키며, QRS complex와 PR interval의 심박동수에 대한 보상치인 PRc에 대해서는 고용량에서는 연장시키나 그 작용이 현저하지 않다. 이 결과로 보아 cyclobuxine D는 흰쥐의 ECG에서 A-V conduction과 ventricular depolarization에 주로 관여하는 것으로 사료 되며 이는 기존의 antiarrhythmic drugs과 비교해 볼 때 quinidine sulfate와 유사성이 있다고 추정된다. This study was undertaken to search for a new antiarrhythmic agent in natural plants. Extracts of Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai have been used as folk remedies of several diseases, including malaria and venereal disease, but any study on the pharmacological actions of this plant has not yet been carried out and its active ingredients have not been identified. In our laboratory, we isolated buxuletin (nonalkaloid) and cyclobuxine D (steroidal alkaloid) from Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai and reported their pharmacological actions: diuretic effects of buxuletin in rabbits and hypotensive effect of cyclobuxine D in rats. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cyclobuxine D on isolated frog heart and heart rate in urethane anesthetized rats. In order to clarify the mechanism of bradycardic effect of cyclobuxine D, we examined the changes of the ECG parameters (PR, QRS and R ${\alpha}$ T interval) produced by intravenous injection of cyclobuxine D in anesthetized rats. Cyclobuxine D depressed the contractile force in isolated frog heart and exerted a dose-dependent bradycardic effect in anesthetized rats. Intracerebroventricular injection of cyclobuxine D caused a fall in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, but those effects were not significant. Cyclobuxine D prolonged the PR interval and RaT interval (${\alpha}$ Tindicates the apex of T), but was without significant effects on the duration of the QRS complex and PRc in urethane anesthetized rats.