한국미션건축에 있어서 개신교 개척선교사의 활동과 영향에 관한 연구 -(1) 그래함 리(Graham Lee)의 건축활동을 중심으로-

정창원,Chung, Chang-Won 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.2

Since Korea disclaimed to open the ports, Korean architecture has met the impetuous transformation. Although there would be various factors of this transformation, the new-coming architecture by missionary seemed to be a significant one, and many researches have been carried out on this theme in diverse viewpoints. However, because these researches have preponderated on the Catholic tradition, it is deficient for clarify the whole history of mission architecture. Therefore, this research has the meaning to enrich the history of Korean modern architecture by making balance. First of all, this paper is focused on the activities of one missionary, Graham Lee. He is a practical missionary at the beginning, his architecture made a critical influence in Korean traditional architecture. Graham Lee was born in Rock Island, Illinois, 1861, and he determined to become a missionary through grown up. He spent his boyhood by working as a plumber for his purpose and studied in a university afterward. Graduating of McComick Theological Seminary, he was nominated as a pioneer of Pyeng Yang Mission Station and set foot in Korea, September of 1892. Since then he started to erect missionary facilities in Pyeng Yang, such as Well House(1898), Pyeng Yang Central Church(1900-1901), Pyeng Yang Academy(1902). These all his works are designed with eclectic style which shows western and Korean traditional style intermingled. This unique characteristic made a profound influence to the Korean mission architecture afterwards. Especially, the L-type plan of Pyeng Yang Central Church, which is first shown by him, is recognized very unique, and this plan type had been spread all over the country. Therefore the L-type plan became the peculiar feature of the early Korean churches. Furthermore, working with Korean carpenters, he taught them new skills of modem buildings. After that, they were expanded out northern part of Korea and took the roles of master builders. According to this expansion, his particular style had got spread and had been settled as a unique eclectic style in Korean modern architecture. In the conclusion, he is evaluated to be a critical pioneer missionary, who left a big influence on the frame work of Korean modern architecture in the transitional times.

建築都市暑熱環境에 있어서 綠地·水面에 의한 緩和效果 : The Cooling Effect of Open Spaces Such as the Garden and the Rivers on Urban Thermal Environment

정창원,姜秉秀 경주대학교 지역개발연구소 1999 地域開發論叢 Vol.- No.2

The objective of this paper to investigate the cooling effect of the open spaces such as rivers and a garden through the city. The field observation was focused on the urban micro climate in summer. Then, the cooling effect of open spaces on urban temperature was analyzed, The observation data were compared garden, water front to street canyon using Earth surface heat budget and field survey. Finally, The urban temperature is relieved by the open spaces dealt with this experiment. And the urban garden and river are the new urban design data from the viewpoint of the urban climate.

게임 플레이 효과의 양면성과 게임 규제 태도 연구 :게임 장르를 중심으로

정창원 한국콘텐츠학회 2019 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.19 No.12

This study looks at the social implications of gaming disorder by considering the situation in Korea. Focusing on specificity of game genres, this study analyzed two aspects of the game playing effect—positive(cognitive needs) and negative(game addiction)—and suggested directions for game regulation policies and game addiction studies, since game playing effects are closely related to game regulatory policy. To analyze game effects and attitudes to regulations, this study performed regression analysis based on the online survey. Results show that game playing effects and attitudes toward game regulation differ based on the nature of game genres. While longer gaming increased the effect of addiction, it also increased cognitive needs. Playing roleplaying, Aeon of Strife, and strategy game genres(RAS), which are subject to game regulation, increased game addiction levels but simultaneously contributed to increased cognitive needs. While playing augmented reality genres positively affected cognitive needs, it also showed favorable attitudes to general game regulation. 본 연구는 게임 플레이 효과에 대한 양면적인 측면의-긍정적(인지 욕구), 부정적(게임 중독)-효과를 분석하여 게임 규제 정책과 게임 연구가 나아가야 할 방향을 제안했다. 게임 장르의 특수성에 초점을 두고, 게임 플레이가 인지 욕구와 부정적 효과에(중독/과몰입) 미치는 영향에 대해 논의했다. 또한, 게임 플레이 효과는 게임 정책과 밀접하게 관련이 있으므로, 게임 유저를 중심으로, 게임 장르와 게임 규제 정책에 대한 태도가 어떤 관계가 있는지 분석했다. 분석 결과, 게임 장르의 특성에 따라 게임 플레이의 효과와 규제에 관한 태도가 상이하게 나타났다. 게임을 오래 할수록 게임 중독 효과가 증가했지만, 동시에 인지 욕구도 상승했다. 게임 규제 대상이었던 RAS(Role playing, AOS(Aeon of Strife), Strategy) 게임 장르를 플레이할수록 게임 중독을 상승시켰지만 동시에, 인지 욕구를 높이는 데도 기여했다. AR(Augmented Reality) 장르 플레이는 인지 욕구에 긍정적으로 영향을 미쳤던 반면, 전반적인 게임 규제에는 찬성하는 태도를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 게임 플레이가 가져오는 긍정적인 효과와 부정적인 효과를 동시에 트레이드 오프 (trade-off)할 수 있는 밸런싱 전략이 요구된다는 시사점을 제공한다.

여름철 포항시 기후요소의 수평분포에 관한 연구

정창원,윤인 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.8

The objective of this paper is to examine the observation of an urban climatic distribution in Pohang city in summer for urban environmental planning. Field observations of air temperature, humidity, wind direction and velocity were conducted during summer of 2001 in Pohang. These climatic conditions were measured at stationary point, especially the mouth of the Hyeongsan-river, and moving observations points along the river, the street and the Yeongil-bay by car. The wind velocity on the river and the bay as a whole was stronger than that on the street, There is the cooling effect of going up sea breeze along the river and the bay on the thermal environment in the center of city in summer. The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of thermal radiation environments on human thermal comfort, depending on different urban canyon types and surface materials on the human thermal comfort.

歷史家與歷史知識的大衆化

정창원 역사실학회 2010 역사와실학 Vol.43 No.-

The problem of whether the historical knowledge is useful or not in groping for individual life, or life is very important problem for researchers who work directly in the study of history and people who will work in the field of education of history in the future. Nowadays, we are concerned about usage of history. Of cause, It is not only for the minority, or even concerning this problem because of profit of sovereigns. This era where we are living in has already been diversified and modernized rapidly. So, should we have to agree with the idea that history and historians should be changed to form toward the public who are living in present-day?The writter believes that historians are responsible for the debate. Because, present historical researchers can not avoid the criticism on that they have paid no attention to historical knowledge and popularization instead, they only put stress on professionality and scientism. In modern society, as a result,consumer of historical knowledge, that is, the ordinary public's interest about history is only expressed through the mass media. However, fundamental historical knowledge and its judgmental ability have being regressed than promoted. The situation has arisen since 1990's in Republic of Korea. At now, historian and historic researcher have developed different the meaning in that's concept. Which form of history are requested to historic researcher who live in this age, and which attitude should be maintained by present-day's historical researcher? Under this critical mind, the writter wanted to analyze the causes of history and popularization of history through this thesis, and wanted to bring up the basis of the further debate toward that.

Biliary Granular Cell Tumor

정창원,조수연,허일영,김상범,박선후 대한병리학회 2015 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.49 No.1

투명안테나(Transparent Antenna)

정창원 한국전자파학회 2018 전자파기술 Vol.29 No.2

徐福東渡說과 中國史書의 東傳에 대한 연관성 탐색

정창원 역사실학회 2013 역사와실학 Vol.52 No.-

As the known fact, ancient history of 'when Qin Shi Huang (秦始皇) ruled the unify empire they were here to get elixir plant but XuFu(徐福) group has returned to the west' was included in the place name Seogwipo(西歸浦), located in the south of Jeju island. Hence the legend of place name, 'XuFu(徐 福) and Elixir plant(不老草)' is conveying the Jeju Legend. Argument of the subject whether the XuFu has come across the Korean Peninsula and stopover is still going on. National conference opened a debate about the XuFu was held at Association of international exchange XuFu Culture with 'Jeju Conference' in 2002, titled 'XuFu and East Asia Culture Exchange' was suggested at academic society. Study of XuFu could be a highlight in various adjacent study include Korean and history studies. Recently, there are some approaches that questions how did the XuFu culture has influenced the East Asia's development through Korean history and existing legend of XuFu. As a result, XuFu seems to have various types of cultural aspects. Then what kind of historical way did Jeju get through to have a place name YoungJu(瀛洲, YingZhou), and how is the XuFu group has the legend that they have placed in Jeju. Historical facts are materializing through the process of proving historical resources objectively. Ancient history of Jeju, most of all, study of related to XuFu is likely as above. New assertions and theories raised from researches of archeology and marine science but the 'limited historical resources' stops the new assertions to prove their point. However it adhere closely to the basic situation as the technique of literature has mutual understanding of distinct characteristics and universality. Hereupon the body of this article, explore the place name ‘Youngju’ and the Korean Peninsula tradition of Chinese history book. Through this the present author tried to approach the fact that 'YoungJu' is about the intellects of the Korean Peninsula. It is hard to tell that awareness of Jeju is to say YoungJu or YoungJu Mt. is to say Halla Mt. if from the XuFu actually lived in Jeju. However, one thing could be assumed is the intellects of the Korean Peninsula have started to absorb the universal realizations of Chinese Historical Culture influenced from entering to Korea of Chinese history book. The present writer is judging the fact that the place name‘YoungJu(瀛洲, YingZhou)’ was not exist at the inland site where Chinese dynasty ruled. It could only be a conceive place name and it might placed somewhere around the east sea.

한국미션건축에 있어서 장로교 소속 개척선교사들의 건축활동에 관한 사적 고찰

정창원,Chung, Chang-Won 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.3

The objective of this study is to clarify the early state of modern architecture, specifically mission architecture, with the introduction of the Christianity, and for the goal it deals with the architectural activities of pioneer missionaries. Especially it is a piece in a series of those researches after on Graham Lee, and it is focused on the other representative missionary, R. M. Wilson, A. M. Sharrocks, and C. A. Clark. Although coming in the capacity of a medical doctor or an educator, they should play all kinds of roles, such as carpenters, educators, and officers. For this mission, even they didn't have a professional knowledge for construction, they should carried on to establish mission compounds, only with their experience and informations. In this process they needed to be assisted by Korean carpenters, surely. The architectures born by them-selves are designed with a unique eclectic style compounded with those of Korean traditional and occidental. That is to say, the pioneer missionaries made a profound influence to create a new tradition of modern architecture in Korea, which is called as Korean-occidental eclectic style in the period of transition. Moreover, some pioneer missionary, such as Sharrocks, took a part in education of architectural skills. The educated carpenters seemed to be called from outside, and the unique styles could get spread away. On this point this paper has the meaning to clarify historically the continuous development of the Korean architecture through the survey on their activities, on the contrary of the existed recognition that Korean modern architecture has been evaluated to be imported from outside; therefore having a crevice with the its own architectural tradition.

게이머 이슈 참여에 미치는 영향 연구: 미디어 출처, 시정 행동과 태도 정보의 역할을 중심으로

정창원 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 온라인 설문조사를 통해 수집된 국내 게이머를 대상으로 게임 장르, 이념의 차이가 존재하는 뉴스 미디어, 미디어 매체에 따른 게임 관련 정보 출처가 게이머 이슈 참여에 미치는 영향에 대해 위계적 회귀 분석으로 검증했다 (N= 1,362). 연구 결과 특정 장르의 게임 플레이가 게이머 이슈 참여에 긍정적인 역할을 수행했다. 진보·중도 언론에 보도된 게임 규제 찬반에 대한 집단행동은 독자들의 동원 신호(mobilization cue)로 작용하고 게이머의 사회적 행동을 독려했다. 반면, 상위 조직 및 이익 집단을 정보 출처로 활용한 보수 언론은 현실 참여 사회에 부정적인 영향을 주었다. 게임 이슈에 관한 매스 미디어의 편향된 보도 행태는 게이머가 시정 행동(corrective action)을 통해 사회적, 정치적으로 행동하는데 영향을 주었다. 본 연구는 정치 이념, 게임 장르, 미디어 이용과 사회적 참여의 관계를 실증적으로 분석한 데에 의의가 있다. 게임 규제 정책 제고와 게임 연구의 이론적, 개념적 확장의 필요성이 요구된다는 시사점을 제공한다. This study examined the effects of game genre, news media with differing political ideologies, and game-related information sources on gamer issue participation by performing a hierarchical regression model, using an online survey on Korean gamers (N=1,362). As a result of the study, playing specific genres of games played a positive role in gamer issue participation. The group behavior or collective action for or against game regulation reported in the liberal/moderate media acted as a mobilization cue for readers and potentially encouraged gamers to take social action. But the conservative media, which used governmental organizations and interest groups as sources of information, had a negative impact on real-life participatory behavior. The biased journalism practice of the mass media on game-related social issues influenced gamers’ social and political behavior through corrective action. This study is significant in empirically analyzing the relationship between political ideology, game genre, media use, and gamers’ social participation. The current research suggests the improvement of game regulation policy and the need for theoretical and conceptual expansion of game research.