현대조경설계의 하이브리드적 경향

장일영,김진선,Jang Il-Young,Kim Jin-Seon 한국조경학회 2006 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

This study originated from following questions. What can we understand the conception of deconstruction, which has been the core idea of new discourses developed in various ways since modernism? How can this question be interpreted in landscape design? What is the conceptional frame of integration the prominent hybrid post-genre movements and phenomena? The frame can be epitomized with the deconstruction phenomenon. 'Deconstruction' is the core conception appeared in late or post-modern ages in the embodiment of modernity and can be viewed as an integrating or a hybrid phenomenon between areas or genres in formative arts. Therefore, the author regards the hybrid movements widely witnessed in the post contemporary formative arts as one of the most important indicators of de-constructive signs. It is safe to say that the phenomenon of this integration or hybridism, of course, does not threaten the identity of landscape design but serves as an opportunity to extend the areas of landscape design. One of the consequences of this integration or hybridism is the voluntary participation of users who have been alienated in the production of the meanings of design works and hybrid landscape design with the hybridization of genres that is characterized with transformation in forms. This view is based on the distinction between hybridization of interactions between the designer (the subject) and the user (the object), and hybridization of synesthesia. Generally speaking, this is an act of destroying boundaries of the daily life and arts. At the same time, it corresponds to vanishing of modern aesthetics and emerging of post-contemporary aesthetics which is a new aesthetic category like sublimeness. This types of landscape design tries to restore humans' sensibility and perceptions restrained by rationality and recognition in previous approach and to express non-materialistic characteristics with precaution against excessive materialism in the modern era. In light of these backgrounds, the study aims to suggest the hybrid concept and to explorer a new landscape design approach with this concept, in order to change the design structure from 'completed' or 'closed' toward 'opened' and to understand the characteristics of interactions between users and designs. This new approach is expected to create an open-space integrating complexity and dynamics of users. At the same time, it emphasizes senses of user' body with synesthesia and non-determination. The focus is placed on user participation and sublimity rather than on aesthetic beauty, which kind of experience is called simulacre. By attaching importance to user participation, the work got free from the material characteristics, and acceptance from the old practice of simple perception and contemplation. The boundaries between the subject and object and the beautiful and ordinary, from the perspective of this approach, are vanished. Now everything ordinary can become an artistic work. Western dichotomy and discrimination is not effective any more. And there is 'de-construction' where there is perfect equality between ordinary daily life and beautiful arts. Thus today's landscape design pays attention to the user and uses newly perceived sensitivity by pursing obscure and unfamiliar things rather than aesthetic beauty. Space is accordingly defined to take place accidentally as happening and event, not as volume of shape. It's the true way to express spatiality of landscape design. That's an attempt to reject conventional concepts about forms and space, which served as the basis for landscape design, and to search for new things.

고강도콘크리트 구조부재의 변위해석시스템 개발연구

장일영 한국전산구조공학회 1995 전산구조공학 Vol.8 No.2

고강도콘크리트(압축강도 400-700kgf/cm/sup 2)를 이용한 구조물의 강도성능과 휨변형을 정확히 구하는 해석방법을 제안하는 것이 본 연구의 목적으로서, 재료특성을 모델화하기 위하여 희귀분석을 이용한 고강도콘크리트의 응력-변형률관계와 사다리꼴 응력모델을 검토하여 그 적용성을 확인하였다. 내력과 변형의 해석방법으로서는 단면을 요소분할하여 재료의 응력-변형률관계를 이용한 모멘트-곡률관계의 해석을 이용하였다. 여기서 본 연구는 재료특성의 불확정 변수와 해석시의 반복계산에 의한 오차를 최소화하기 위하여 확률적 개념을 이용한 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션의 방법을 도입하여 내력 및 변위성능을 합리적으로 평가하였다. The object of this study is to propose a rational method of resistance strength and flexural deformation for structures using high strength concrete(400-700kgf/cm/sup 2/). The material property(stress-strain relationship) is to be modelize using regression analysis of experimental result. And the applicability of trapezoidal stress model is to be verified. An analytical method is used by the moment-curvature relationship which is based on stress-strain relationships of material for discreted element of section. The evaluation method of moment-curvature of high strength concrete structures is also proposed by using the Monte Carlo Simulation based on a probabilistic concept that could minimize an error due to iterated calculations and random variable of material properties.

교권침해 경험 초등교사의 심리적 소진과 회복과정

장일영,기영화 인하대학교 교육연구소 2020 교육문화연구 Vol.26 No.3

This study aims to understand how elementary school teachers respond to and recover from the experience of psychological burnout. For this purpose, data was collected through in-depth interviews of 8 elementary school teachers who experienced infringement of their teaching rights. The participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview questionnaire until the intended sampling and saturation had been reached. Participants in the study were gathered in a snowball sampling method, through introduction by acquaintances. The data collected was subjected to continuous comparative analysis using Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory methods. The analysis results were coded into 91 concepts, 30 subcategories, and 8 upper categories. The results of the study showed that causal conditions displayed ‘psychological burnout’, as the central phenomenon, through the ‘negative behavior of students’, ‘conflict with parents’, and ‘uninterested/indifferent teaching work culture’. Contextual conditions that imparted effects on these factors included ‘discrepancy between laws’, ‘teaching work culture’, ‘critical classroom environment’, and the ‘absence of a mediator’, while the intervening conditions were found to be in the category of the recovery process -including ‘support from surrounding people’, ‘affirmative interpretation’, ‘opportunity for expression of emotion‘ and ’dissipation of elements of civil complaint’- and the category of the worsening of burnout- including ‘lack of resources in the surroundings’, ‘psychological difficulties’, ‘continuous demand for civil complaint’, and ‘personal variables of teachers’. The ‘utilization of support resources’, ‘consolation by experience of sympathy’, ‘assertive efforts in problem-solving’, ‘efforts to improve specialization’, and ‘changes in the strategy of the teacher’ were deduced as the interaction strategy. The ensuing results included a manifestation of affirmative changes in the growth of the teachers such as ‘flexibility in thinking’, ‘foundation for a stable teaching profession’, and ‘attitude towards educational issues’, etc. However, the passion of the teachers towards education also decreased in the process. On the basis of aforementioned study results, proposals including systematic improvement of teacher’s authority, introduction of practical support system for protection of teacher’s authority, and means of restoration of trust between educational communities, etc. are made. 본 연구는 심리적 소진을 경험한 초등교사가 어떻게 반응하고 회복하는지를 이해하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를위해 교권침해를 경험한 초등교사 8명을 대상으로 심층 면접하여 자료를 수집하였다. 참여자는 의도적 표집과 포화가될 때까지 반구조 인터뷰 질문지를 사용하여 인터뷰를 하였다. 연구참여자는 지인의 소개로 눈덩이 표집 방법으로이루어졌다. 이들 자료는 Strauss와 Corbin의 근거이론 방법을 사용하여 지속적으로 비교분석하였다. 분석결과 91개의개념과 30개의 하위범주, 8개의 상위 범주로 코딩하였다. 연구결과 인과적 조건은 ‘학생의 부정적 행태’, ‘학부모와의갈등’, ‘비관심/무관심 교직문화’를 통해 중심현상인 ‘심리적 소진’이 나타났다. 이에 영향을 미친 맥락적 조건은 ‘법간의 괴리’, ‘교직 문화’, ‘위기의 교실 환경’, ‘중재자의 부재’로 나타났고, 중재 조건은 ‘주변 사람들의 지원’, ‘긍정적해석’, 감정표현 기회‘, 민원 요소 사라짐’의 회복과정과 ‘주변 자원 부족’, ‘심리적 어려움’, ‘민원 지속적 요구’, ‘교사개인 변인’의 소진 심화 범주로 나타났다. 상호작용 전략은 ‘지지 자원 활용’, ‘동병상련 경험의 위안’, ‘적극적인해결 노력’, ‘전문성 향상 노력’, ‘교사의 전략변화’가 도출되었다. 그에 따른 결과는 교사의 ‘사고의 유연성’, ‘안정적교직생활 기반’, ‘교육 문제를 대하는 태도’ 등 교사 성장의 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. 하지만, 그 과정에서 교육에대한 열정이 저하되기도 하였다. 이런 연구 결과를 바탕으로 교권의 제도적 개선, 교권보호를 위한 실질적 지원시스템 도입, 교육 공동체간 신뢰 회복 방안 등을 제안하였다.

콘크리트의 압축강도 시험결과에 영향을 미치는 각종시험조건

장일영,Jang, Il-Yeong 한국레미콘공업협회 2002 레미콘 Vol.7 No.-

노인 환자의 다면적 평가

장일영 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2020 No.-

철근 콘크리트 부재의 전단변형 해석에 관한 연구

장일영,권종주,최광진,송재호 대한토목학회 1994 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.1994 No.1

콘크리트의 압축강도 시험결과에 영향을 미치는 각종시험조건

장일영 한국콘크리트학회 1997 콘크리트학회지 Vol.9 No.6

Flexural Behavior of High-Strength Concrete Beams Confined with Stirrups in Pure Bending Zone

장일영,박훈규,김용곤,김성수,김종회 한국콘크리트학회 2009 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study is to establish flexural behavior of high-strength concrete beams confined in the pure bending zone with stirrups. The experiment was carried out on full-scale high-strength reinforced concrete beams, of which the compressive strengths were 40 MPa and 70 MPa. The beams were confined with rectangular closed stirrups. Test results are reviewed in terms of flexural capacity and ductility. The effect of web reinforcement ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and shear span to beam depth ratio on ductility are investigated. The analytic method is based on finite element method using fiber-section model, which is known to define the behavior of reinforced concrete structures well up to the ultimate state and is proven to be valid by the verification with the experimental results above. It is found that confinement of concrete compressive regions with closed stirrups does not affect the flexural strength but results in a significantly increased ductility. Moreover, the ductility tends to increase as the quantity of stirrups increases by reducing the spacing of stirrups.

외국의 콘크리트 교육 사례

장일영,하재담,권민호 한국콘크리트학회 2002 콘크리트학회지 Vol.14 No.1

강관말뚝 머리보강 공법 현황 및 새로운 기술 소개

장일영,박만호,구정민,신종섭,정충열,이보형 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2016 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회지 Vol.20 No.3