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기온과 일장조건에 따른 벼 품종별 발육속도 및 출수기(出穗期) 추정
이정택,윤성호,임정남,김달웅 한국환경농학회 1994 한국환경농학회지 Vol.13 No.3
벼 裁培地域의 溫度와 日長 等의 氣象環境變化에 따른 벼 品種들의 出穗生態와 發育速度의 變化를 究明하기 위하여 山間高冷地 珍富, 平野地 水原, 裡里에서 1987∼88年 2年間 대관벼 等 9品種을 各 地域別로 標準裁培法에 의하여 裁培하였다. 各 地域의 氣象環境과 關聯하여 品種別 出穗期를 分析하고, 出穗日數와 發育速度를 指數函數式에 適用시켜 各 parameter의 係數로 Simplex 法에 의하여 求하였으며, 推定値와 實測値를 比較한 結果 다음과 같다. 1. 移秧에서 出穗期까지의 平均氣溫은 珍富가 18∼19℃, 水原이 22.5∼23.5℃, 裡里가 23.5∼24.5℃ 程度 되었으며 晩生種일수록 平均氣溫이 높았다. 2. 平均出穗日數는 水原에 비하여 珍富에서는 各 品種別로 約 20日 程度 길었으며 晩生種일수록 높았다. 3. 移秧에서 出穗까지의 積算溫度는 地域과 年次에 대하여서도 變化가 적었으며 品種간에 비슷한 傾向이었다. 4. 發育段階는 日別 發育速度의 積算으로 나타낼 수 있으며 發育段階에 의한 出穗期 推定日은 觀測値와 비슷하였다. 5. 各 品種別 發育速度는 氣溫에 따라 다르게 나타나며 운봉벼 等 자포니카 早生種은 低溫에서도 發育速度가 빨랐고 자포니카 晩生種은 늦었다. 6. 出穗日數 推定式을 日長과 氣溫의 係數를 Simplex法에 의하여 求하고 推定値와 實測値를 比較한 給果 ± 0∼3日의 差異를 보여 利用可能性이 判斷되었다. This study was conducted to get some basic information about rice plant development rate and heading ecology in various climatic conditions, growing nine varieties at three locations, Jinbu as the mountainous cool area, Suweon and Iri as the plain area for two years from 1987 to 1988. Average daily air temperature and day length from transplanting to heading date were analyzed in relation to the heading. Heading date and development rate of each variety were estimated by the Symplex method and the fitness of the model was evaluated. The results obtained as follows: Average daily air temperatures among varieties during the period from transplanting to heading ranged from 18 to 19℃ in Jinbu, from 22.5 to 23.5℃ in Suweon, and from 23.5 to 24.5℃ in Iri, the late-maturing varieties requiring the higher temperatures. The average heading days were about 20 days longer in Jinbu and 3~5 days shorter in Iri than those in Suweon in all varieties. Little differences in accumulated temperature from transplanting to heading were observed in regions and years, and also among varieties. Developmental stages could be expressed as the accumulation of daily development rate and the predicted heading dates by the Symplex method were similar to the observed ones. The development rate of each variety varies with air temperatures. The early maturing Japonica types including the Unbong variety were fast in development rate at lower temperatures, but the late-maturing varieties of the Japonica type were late. A model to predict the heading dates of rice varieties by the Symplex method using air temperatures and day lengths was feasible.
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이정택,윤성호,임정남,고견보 한국환경농학회 1989 한국환경농학회지 Vol.8 No.1
벼 生育에 氣溫과 더불어 密接한 影響을 주는 논의 水溫 環境의 生育時期別 變化를 大氣의 溫度, 濕度 日射量과 群落의 葉面積指數로써 推定하고자 1984年에 水原과 珍富에서 測定調査하여 分析한 후 그 推定 水溫을 實測値와 比較檢討한 結果를 要約하면 등음과 같다. 1. 벼 生育初期의 水溫은 大氣氣溫보다 最高·最低溫度가 모두 1∼2℃ 程度높았다. 2. 水面에 到達되는 純輻射量은 葉面積指數의 指數函數로 表現된다. 3. 벼의 葉面積指數가 3∼4以上이 되면 水面에 到達되는 光量의 減衰로 논의 水溫은 大氣氣溫보다 낮아졌다. 4. 平野地인 水原地方의 보통논에서는 組合法을 利用한 推定水溫은 實測値와 비슷한 傾向을 나타내어 大氣氣象에 依한 논의 水溫推定이 可能한 것으로 判斷되었다. 그러나 山間高冷地인 珍富의 砂質畓에서는 이 組合法을 利用한 水溫豫測模型은 適用이 不可能하였다. To determine irrigated water temperature under the rice plant canopy, micrometeorological elements air temperature, relative humidity, water temperature, solar radiation, and the rice leaf area index the rice plant canopywere measured. Water temperature under the canopy was also estimated from these data. The results are as follows ; 1. Maximum and minimum temperatures of water in the paddy field were higher about 1-2℃ than those of air temperature. 2. Mean water temperature under the canopy became lower than mean air temperature when the leaf area indices were greater than 4, because of decreased light penetration rates 3. Penetration amounts of net radiation under the canopy can be estimated by an exponential equation 4. Estimated water temperatures under the canopy by a combination method model was adaptable in Suweon, a plain area, but its accuracy was lower in Jinbu, an alpine area.
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윤성호,임정남,이정택,심교문,황규홍 한국농림기상학회 2001 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.3 No.4
Over the 20th century global temperature increase has been 0.6℃. The globally averaged surface temperature is projected to increase by1.4 to 5.8℃ over the period 1990 to 2100. Nearly all land areas will have higher maximum temperature and minimum temperature, and fewer cold days and frost days. More intense precipitation events will take place over many areas. Over most mid-latitude continental interiors will have increased summer continental drying and associated risk of drought. By 2100, if the annual surface temperature increase is 3.5℃, we will have 15.9℃ from 12.4℃ at present. Also the annual precipitation will range 1,118-2,447 mm from 972-1,841 mm at present in Korea. Consequently the average crop periods for summer crops will be 250 days that prolonged 32 days than at present. In the case of gradual increase of global warming, an annual crop can be adapted to the changing climate through the selection of filial generations in breeding process. The perennial crops such as an apple should be shifted the chief producing place to northern or high latitude areas where below 13.5℃ of the annual surface temperature. If global warming happens suddenly over the threshold atmospheric greenhouse gases, then all ecosystems will have tremendous disturbance. Agricultural land-use plan, which state that farmers decide what to plant, based on their climate-based advantages. Therefore, farmers will mitigate possible negative impacts associated with the climate change. The farmers will have application to use agricultural meteorological information system, and agricultural long-range weather forecast system for their agroecosystems management. The ideal types of crops under CO_2 increase and climate change conditions are considered that ecological characteristics need indispensable to accomplish the sustainable agriculture as the diversification of genetic resources from yield-oriented to biomass-oriented characteristics with higher potential of CO_2 absorption and primary production. In addition, a heat-and-cold tolerance, a pest resistance, an environmental adaptability, and production stability should be also incorporated collectively into integrated agroecosystem.
ScienceON
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