변증법적 관점에서 본 John Donne 시의 이해

이춘형 한국현대영미어문학회 2000 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study was to survey the various aspects of love shown in Donne's Songs and Sonnets by the application of Hegelian's dialectic theory and try to understand the ultimate principle of human love in this world. Hegel thought that all things are developed by self-contradiction and considered dialectic as a logic of recognition and being. Hegelian dialectic theory is 'a unification of opposition' according to 'Thesis, Antithesis, and Synthesis', what is called a 'Triade'. 'Thesis' is a proposition to be demonstrated and the first stage of things development and involves contradiction which is not noticed, so in Songs and Sonnets Donne's physical love corresponds to this stage. 'Antithesis' is a stage which implicates contradiction and opposition to 'Thesis' and the contradiction is awakened, so in Songs and Sonnets Donne's platonic love corresponds to this stage. These two contrary conceptions of love are both true principles and contradiction and opposition at the same time. 'Synthesis' is a stage in which contradiction is unified and opposition is removed, so 'Thesis' and 'Antithesis' are generalized and unified. In Synthesis, physical love and platonic love developed to perfect love, cartas love. Donne's physical love(Thesis) is divided into two kinds of love; hedonistic love and cynical love. In his hedonistic love, he emphasized that love is sensual desire and sexual pleasure. And in his cynical love, we can see a little change in his poetic attitude towards love. Love is nothing but a trap in which virtue and chastity fall in the pursuit of hedonistic love. He insults and despises the women in his poems. Thus, he paradoxically emphasizes the constancy and beauty of women. So to speak, it is impossible to find the ideal woman in the real world, so he tries to find such a woman in his own fictionalized world. His idea of physical love related to his early years which he spent dissolutely in London. In this early stage of his life, he saw love as sexual appetite and women as physical possessions. He described his lady as a creature of vice, inconstancy, and lust. But it is crucial to keep in mind that Donne always sought after a faithful woman to whom he could pay his devotion. To put it another way, his hedonistic and cynical attitude toward love or his mistress was attributed to his strong longing for a 'true and fair' lady as his ideal woman. In Donne's platonic love(Antithesis), after he met his ideal women, Anne More, Countess Bedford, and Countess Huntington, he found the opposite side of physical love, namely platonic love. For this aspect of love, he tried to restrain his physical pleasure, so he could achieve the profound experience of spiritual communication with his lover and his patrons. He emphasized the achievement of love by sacrifice of physical pleasure, and pursue virtue and constancy in the interior world of women. In Donne's perfect love(Synthesis), he believed that he could find the motivation of sexual desire on the bottom of Platonic love, also that virtue is nothing but a mask with which sexual motivation is sublimated. At this point, he finds the limited aspects of unity in love with separation between physical and platonic loves. Hence, he tried to unify the physical and platonic aspects of love. In conclusion, he began to write his poems from the physical aspect of love(Hegelian Thesis), and developed towards the platonic fact of love(Hegelian Antithesis), then unified these two opposite aspects of love by his metaphysical style of wit and conceit(Hegelian Synthesis). Ultimately Donne embodied in his love poems the perfect unity of body and soul with his own metaphysical intellect and sensibility.

지속적인 검도 훈련에 따른 비만 남학생의 혈중지질 변화

강진형(Jin-Hyung Kang),이춘형(Chun-Hyung Lee) 대한검도학회 2005 대한검도학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 지속적인 검도활동을 하는 비만대상자에 의한 혈청지질(TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C)에 미치는 영향을 비교ㆍ분석하여 이를 통하여 비만 및 관상동맥질환의 발생 위험을 감소시키는 적절한 비만프로그램 마련을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하자 하며, 검도 운동을 하는 일반인들에게 활용될 수 있도록 하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혈청 총 콜레스테롤(Total Cholesterol)에서는 비만 훈련집단이 비훈련집단 보다 감소를 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 둘째, 혈청 중성지방(Triglycerides)에서는 비만훈련집단이 비훈련집단 보다 감소를 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 셋째, 혈청 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤(HDL-Cholesterol)에서는 비만훈련집단이 비훈련집단 보다 증가를 보이면서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 혈청 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤(LDL-Cholesterol)에서는 비만 훈련집단이 비훈련 집단 보다 감소를 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도지단백질에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 심혈관계와 관련이 있는 고밀도지단백질 콜레스테롤에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of serum lipoprotein by regular obese male student's Kumdo training. The subjects are divided into regular obese Kumdo training(n=10) and untrained groups(n=10) by men college student's. Also, these two groups were tested serum lipid lipoprotein(total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol). The statistical analysis of the results is carried out t-test, The results were as follows : 1. The total cholesterol of the regular Kumdo training and untrained groups had no significant difference(P>0.05). 2. The triglycerides of the regular Kumdo training and untrained groups showed no significant difference(P>0.05). 3. The HDL-cholesterol of the regular Kumdo training increased significant difference (P<0.05). 4. The LDL-cholesterol of the regular Kumdo training had no significant difference(P>0.05). These results suggest that this kind of regular & continued Kumdo training can improve the changeability of serum high density lipid lipoprotein.

선형적 위상배열 코일구조의 시뮬레이션을 통한 민감도지도의 공간 해상도 및 필터링 변화에 따른 MR-SENSE 영상재구성 평가

이동훈,홍철표,한봉수,김형진,서재준,김소현,이춘형,이만우,Lee, D.H.,Hong, C.P.,Han, B.S.,Kim, H.J.,Suh, J.J.,Kim, S.H.,Lee, C.H.,Lee, M.W. 대한의용생체공학회 2011 의공학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Parallel imaging technique can provide several advantages for a multitude of MRI applications. Especially, in SENSE technique, sensitivity maps were always required in order to determine the reconstruction matrix, therefore, a number of difference approaches using sensitivity information from coils have been demonstrated to improve of image quality. Moreover, many filtering methods were proposed such as adaptive matched filter and nonlinear diffusion technique to optimize the suppression of background noise and to improve of image quality. In this study, we performed SENSE reconstruction using computer simulations to confirm the most suitable method for the feasibility of filtering effect and according to changing order of polynomial fit that were applied on variation of spatial resolution of sensitivity map. The image was obtained at 0.32T(Magfinder II, Genpia, Korea) MRI system using spin-echo pulse sequence(TR/TE = 500/20 ms, FOV = 300 mm, matrix = $128{\times}128$, thickness = 8 mm). For the simulation, obtained image was multiplied with four linear-array coil sensitivities which were formed of 2D-gaussian distribution and the image was complex white gaussian noise was added. Image processing was separated to apply two methods which were polynomial fitting and filtering according to spatial resolution of sensitivity map and each coil image was subsampled corresponding to reduction factor(r-factor) of 2 and 4. The results were compared to mean value of geomety factor(g-factor) and artifact power(AP) according to r-factor 2 and 4. Our results were represented while changing of spatial resolution of sensitivity map and r-factor, polynomial fit methods were represented the better results compared with general filtering methods. Although our result had limitation of computer simulation study instead of applying to experiment and coil geometric array such as linear, our method may be useful for determination of optimal sensitivity map in a linear coil array.