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원문 : 크레아틴-중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터 운동수행력에 미치는 영향
이철원 ( Cheol Won Lee ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2014 운동과학 Vol.23 No.3
이철원. 크레아틴-중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터 운동수행력에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제23권 제3호. 257-266 2014. 본 연구는 크레아틴, 중탄산나트륨, 그리고 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터(arm-ergometer)를 이용한 상지 근기능에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 경기도 소재 Y대학교 체육계열 남·여학생 17명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 무선추출법을 통해 크레아틴 투여집단(n=7), 중탄산나트륨 투여집단(n=5), 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여집단(n=5), 총 3 집단으로 나누어 암-에르고미터를 이용한 상지 근기능 사전검사(pre-test) 후 집단별 로딩(loading)이 완료된 5일 후 사후검사(post-test)를 동일하게 실시하였다. 자료처리는 통계패키지 SPSS Ver. 12.0을 이용하여 모든 변인의 측정결과를 평균과 표준편차로 산출하고, 집단 및 시기 차이에 대한 주효과검정과 집단과 상호작용효과를 알아보기 위해 반복측정에 의한 이원변량분석 (Two-way repeated measured ANOVA)을 실시하였으며, 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 본 연구의 결과 암-에르고미터를 통한 검사 항목에서 최고 파워, 피로지수, 체중당 피크파워, 안정시 젖산농도 등에서 시기에 따른 유의한 차를 나타내었으나, 집단 간 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로, 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨 그리고 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여는 암-에르고미터를 이용한 상지 운동수행력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 복합투여의 우수성은 나타나지 않았다. Lee, Cheol-Won. The Effect of Combined Creatine and Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Arm Ergometer Performance. Exercise Science. 23(3): 257-266, 2014. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of creatine, sodium bicarbonate and combined creatine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on upper limbs with arm-ergometer. Seventeen students majoring in physical education were randomly assigned to 3 groups [creatine (n=7), sodium bicarbonate (n=5), creatine & sodium bicarbonate (n=5)]. Pre-test consisted of muscular function of upper limbs with arm-ergometer and after 5 days later for creatine and sodium bicarbonate loading, post-test was processed with the same way as pre-test. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way repeated measured ANOVA for intervention. Significance was accepted at p<.05. The following results were obtained from this study. Peak power, fatigue index, peak power/kg and peak attainment time of arm-ergometer test were significantly (p<.05) increased by time but no difference among the groups. In conclusion, creatine, sodium bicarbonate and combined creatine & sodium bicarbonate supplementation favorably affected muscular function of upper limbs with arm-ergometer but there were no significant difference among the groups.
이철한(Lee Cheol-Han) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.13 No.1
The purpose of this study is to explore what public relations experts and opinion leaders expect the functions of government public relations. Based on Grunig's Excellence theory, government PR programs have excellence factors. The PR programs are built with strategy and collaboration among government departments. To understand the government PR program, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with PR experts and content-analyzed the media interview or column in which opinion leaders expressed their evaluation of current government PR. Results showed that conflict is occurred between PR experts and opinion leaders in terms of view to government PR. PR experts evaluate highly on the performance of government PR. The rationale is that in order to produce successful PR programs, it is essential to have characteristics such as open system, access to top managers, efficiency, research, interdependence, and manager role. According to PR experts, the government PR program fits these criteria. In addition, the government PR program implemented successfully on public segmentation, multimedia use, and customer-tailored PR message production. However, journalists, politicians, and mass media scholars are not satisfied with these new advanced PR programs, because they believe that government PR monitoring system is no more than censorship. In addition, the government PR should not be related to President's image making program. Thus, a conflict of view to government PR does not seem to reconcile easily. To reconcile this conflict, the researcher suggests the accurate the evaluation system of the government public relations programs. Further study is encouraged to explore the effective PR program that is free from the view and definition of public relations programs between PR expert and opinion leaders.
비타민E 투여가 Hamster 협낭점막의 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene(DMBA)유도 구강상피암 발암과정에 미치는 영향
이철원(Cheol Won Lee) 대한구강악안면외과학회 1987 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.13 No.1
The relationship of nutritional supplements and cancer is receiving renewed attention. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is accepted one of essential nutrients for man and thought to have antioxidant function and free radical scavenger action and etc. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of vitamin E on the hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis induced by DMBA. 75 syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), 6 weeks old, were used in this experiment and were divided into normal (5), control Ⅰ, Ⅱ (10), experimental group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ (60). In experimental group and control group, the left buccal pouch of hamster was painted three times a week with 0.5% DMBA in heavy mineral oil and only heavy mineral 03 respectively. But in experimental group Ⅱ and control group Ⅱ, animals received 10 IU of vitamin E twice a week on days alternate to the DMBA painting. In experimental group Ⅲ, animals received vitamin E also, but they received 4 weeks before DMBA painting in order to investigate the long term effect of vitamin E. All animals were sacrified serially at 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th week. Buccal pouches were photographed and excised. Tumors in the left buccal pouches were measured and counted for statistical analysis. Excised tissues were examined light-and eclectromicroscopically. The results were as follows; 1. In experimental group Ⅱ, Ⅲ received vitamin E, there was a significant delay in tumor formation up to 12 weeks, and that from 12 to 16 weeks, there were fewer tumors and their average size was smaller than group Ⅰ. But there was no difference between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. 2. In experimental group Ⅰ, mild dysplasia with hyperkeratosis and acanthosis was observed at 8 weeks, carcinoma-in-situ and dysplasia at 10 weeks, frankly invasive carcinoma at 12 weeks, extensive tumors with invasion and surface necrosis at 14,16 weeks. 3. In experimental group Ⅱ, hyperkeratosis and acanthosis was observed at 8 weeks, carcinomain-situ and mild dysplasia at 10 weeks, frankly invasive carcinoma at 12 weeks, invasive carcinoma and carcinoma-in-situ at 14,16 weeks. 4. In experimental group Ⅲ, mild dysplasia and hyperkeratosis was observed at 8 weeks, moderate dysplasia at 10 weeks, carcinoma-in-situ and dysplasia at 12 weeks, invasive carcinoma and carcinoma-in-situ at 14,16 weeks. 5. Electromicroscopic studies of developed tumors in each group observed moderately differentiated type of epidermoid carcinoma. They showed nuclear pleomorphism, clumping of tonofilaments, less frequent number of desmosomes widened intercellular spaces with microvillus-like structures and degenerated mitochondria. This results suggest that vitamin E has some inhibition effects on carcinogenesis but there was no long term effect of vitamin E.