비정상 대향류 확산 화염의 소화 한계 확장에 대한 실험적 연구

이의주,이은도,오광철,신현동,이기호 대한기계학회 2005 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.29 No.3

HFP를 첨가한 수소/공기 혼합기의 발화억제

이의주,오창보 한국화재소방학회 2008 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3

Autoignition suppression of hydrogen/air premixed mixtures by CF3CHFCF3(HFP) was investigated computationally. Numerical simulation was performed in isobaric and homogeneous system to evaluate the induction times. The detailed chemistry of 93 species and 817 reaction mechanism was introduced for hydrogen/air/HFP mixtures. The result of pure hydrogen/air mixture show that the resulting value of induction time depends relatively weakly on the definition used event though there are various criteria for defining the induction time such as the inflection of temperature, OH and O2 concentrations generally. Also, the autoignition temperature of H2/air mixture is estimated to about 850K, which is corresponds to the literature value. In the case of HFP addition in H2/air mixture, the results shows that there are several inflection points of radical concentration, and hence it might be to use the temperature for defining ignition delay. When HFP is added to stoichiometric H2/air mixture, the effect of ignition delay is outstanding above 10% HFP concentration. As HFP concentration increases, both dilution and chemical effects contribute to delay the ignition. Also, the chemical effect on the ignition delay is more considerable with the higher HFP concentration. 수소의 연소과정 중 하나인 자연발화에 대해 HFP를 첨가하였을 때 발화 지연을 수치해석을 통하여조사하였다. 단열 밀폐시스템에서 대기압 하에서의 비정상 상태를 가정하였으며, 수소/공기/헵타플루오르헵탄(HFP)의 반응기구는 93개의 화학종과 817개의 화학반응식을 고려하였다. 먼저 이론당량비의 순수한 수소/공기 혼합기 계산결과로부터 연료와 산화제만 존재하는 혼합기에서는 자연발화시간을 결정하는 판별방법의 선택은 그리 중요하지 않고, 대부분의 판별방법이 잘 일치하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 수소/공기의 자연발화시간은 기존문헌의 실험결과와 잘 일치함을 알 수 있어 사용된 수소반응 기구를 검증할 수 있었다. HFP를 수소/공기 혼합기에 섞었을 경우에는 각 순간적 화학적 반응에 의해 OH 농도의 변곡점이 다양한 시각에 나타나므로 온도의 변곡점으로 발화시간을 판단하는 것이 보다 타당하다는 결과를 얻었다. 그리고 HFP의 농도가 10% 이상인 경우 큰 발화지연효과를 볼 수 있는데, 이 때, HFP 농도가 증가할수록 희석효과에 비해 화학적 효과가 발화시간 지연에 보다 크게 기여함을 알 수 있다.

Bronchopneumonia 치료예(治療例)와 소음인(少陰人) 해수(咳嗽)의 고찰(考察)

이의주,Lee, Eui-ju 사상체질의학회 2001 사상체질의학회지 Vol.13 No.3

Peumonia is the infection of the lungs. Bronchopneumonia is the infection of the bronchus. But their symtoms are simillar. I took care of a patient in bronchopneumonia. And then I reviewed Haemophilus influenzae and Soeumin's cough through west-east medicine books. Cough is divided with the outter disease and the inner disease on the pathology of the Korean Medicine(Sansang Constitutional Medicine). And the outter disease is divided with the outter symptom and the inner symptom. The inner disease is divided too. I wanted to discuss Soeumin's cough is the outter symptom of the outter disease and the inner disease. Finally the outter symptom of the outter disease must be applied with the thrapeutic method of the removal wind-cold and the elevation of YangGi in Soeumin's cough. And the outter symptom of the inner disease must be applied with the thrapeutic method of the heating AbdominalGi and the going down of EumGi in Soeumin's cough.

LIIM(Laser-Induced Ion Mobility) 계측을 이용한 매연 나노입자 측정

이의주 대한기계학회 2004 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.28 No.9

Rat의 성주기에 따른 난포의 수와 형태변화

이의주,곽수동,Lee, Yoi-joo,Kwak, Soo-dong 대한수의학회 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

This study was designed to investigate the number of the growing and mature follicles in each stage of estrus cycle in mature rats. Eighteen mature rats(Sprague-Dawley, initially 190~230gm) were randomly alloted into 4 groups(proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus) according to estrus cycles. The uteri and ovaries of rats were collected and then alternative sections of paraffin embedding ovaries were stained with H-E. Numbers of large, middle and small follicles or only large and middle follicles from secondary and tertiary follicles were investigated by LM photography of preparations. Small follicles were defined as secondary follicles with 2~5 cell layers of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte, and middle follicles were defined as secondary follicles with more than 5 cell layers or with early signs of antral cavity or with more than one small cleft on either side of the oocytes and large follicles were defined as tertiary follicles with a single medium or large antral cavity. The number of follicles in a pair ovary per rat was appeared to be ranged from 207 to 370 and the mean number of these follicles was $270.4{\pm}52.6$ and the mean number of follicles per ovary was $134.9{\pm}32.0$. The mean number of large, middle and small follicles per ovary was appeared to be $16.4{\pm}4.4$($12.2{\pm}3.3%$), $36.2{\pm}8.6$($26.8{\pm}6.4%$), and $82.7{\pm}24.0$($61.3{\pm}17.8%$), respectively. The mean number of large and middle follicles in each stage group of estrus cycle was appeared to be $17.8{\pm}2.1$ and $38.3{\pm}7.4$ at proestrus stage group, $15.7{\pm}5.2$ and $38.0{\pm}10.0$ at estrus stage group, $16.5{\pm}3.5$ and $33.8{\pm}7.0$ at metestrus stage group, $16.7{\pm}5.8$ and $29.7{\pm}5.5$ at diestrus group, respectively. In histological findings of large follicles during each estrus cycle, the large follicles in proestrus group contain single small antrum, thick granulosa cell layers, and were $300{\sim}500{\mu}m$ in diameter and were growing follicles with PCNA-positive cells in the granulosa cell layers, and other luteinizing follicles of proestrus cycle stage were decreased in size and were thicker in wall thickness and more luteinized than those in metestrus and diestrus stage groups. The large follicles in estrus stage group contain thick granulosa cell layers and nonprominent cumulus-oocyte complexes in antrum, and were $400{\sim}700{\mu}m$ in diameter and were growing follicles with PCNA-positive cells in the granulosa cell layers. The large follicles in metestrus and diestrus stage groups contain enlarged antrums, thinner layers of walls and prominent cumulus-oocyte complexes, and were $700-950{\mu}m$ in diameter, and were nongrowing follicles without PCNA-positive cells or another large follicles contain cells with dark stainability and distinct boundary.

에틸렌/공기 역확산화염에서의 나노 매연 입자 생성

이의주,신현준,오광철,신현동 대한기계학회 2004 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.28 No.9

화재연구를 위한 대형 콘 칼로리미터의 설계, 20(4), (2006)

이의주 한국화재소방학회 2006 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.20 No.4

Some major properties such as a heat release rate have been measured experimentally for the validation of fire model and the clarification of fire phenomena as the study is more rigorous recently. Although the reduced-scale experiment also provides the basic data and the physical understanding in fire study, it is not enough to explain real fire problem directly because there is no exact analogy theory between a real fire and the reduced scale model. Therefore, large cone calorimeter have been built and used in a few foreign countries for the measurement of large scale fire. This paper addressed the theoretical background and the description of key features in the design of the facility. It will be a useful guide for implementation of the large scale cone calorimeter in the future. 최근에 화재연구가 활발해짐에 따라 화재특성을 평가하기 위해 중요한 물리량인 발열량 등을 측정하여 모델의 검증과 화재현상의 이해를 도모하고 있다. 이전의 화재연구에서는 실험공간이나 재정적 여건 때문 에 축소모형 실험을 주로 수행하였지만, 다양한 화재의 특성을 축소모형에서 모두 도출할 수 없으므로 실 제 규모의 화재에서 특성을 조사하는 것이 필요하다. 그러므로 보통 5MW 이상의 열량을 측정할 수 있 는 대형 콘 칼로리미터를 20년 전부터 외국에서는 개발하였으며, 새로운 관련기술과 화재에 관한 지식을 바탕으로 개선되고 발전되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 대형 콘 칼로리미터를 설계할 때 고려하여야 할 방법들 을 각 요소별로 설명하고, 이를 통해 향후 개선을 위해 요구되는 지식이나 기술들을 제안하였다.

식품(食品)에 대(對)한 고찰(考察)

이의주,고병희,송일병,Lee, Ui-Ju,Go, Byeong-Hui,Song, Il-Byeong 사상체질의학회 1995 사상체질의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

휘발유/에탄올 혼합연료의 자연발화 및 연소배기가스 특성에 관한 수치적 연구

이의주 한국화재소방학회 2016 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.30 No.3

More than five thousands transportation fires occurannually in Korea and the resulting destruction of property and lossof life is huge and results in traffic and environmental pollution. The recent development of automobile technology suchas the hybrid concept and use of bio fuels makes fire protection even more difficult due to a lack of understanding of thenew adapted system including vehicle engines. In this study, a numerical simulation was performed on a PSR (perfectlyStirred Reactor) to simulate an automobile engine and to clarify the effect of gasoline/ethanol surrogates as a fuel. Thetemperature, NOx and soot emissions were predicted to decrease with increasing ethanol content, but that of unburnedhydrocarbons was found to increase dramatically. The result will provide not only the basic thermal characteristics forengines and their after-treatment systems, but also make it possible to assess the potential for fire events in these systemswhen an ethanol mixed fuel is used in gasoline vehicles. 자동차화재는 매년 5,000건 이상의 사고가 발생되며, 직접적인 피해 뿐 아니라 교통혼잡과 공해물질 배출 등 많은 2차적 손실을 가져온다. 최근에는 자동차 연료로서 휘발유에 에탄올을 섞는 것을 미국 등 여러 나라에서 상용화하고 있는데 이는 기존의 화석연료의 사용을 억제하고 바이오연료의 소비를 촉진시키기 위함이며, 향후 법제화를 통해 이러한 에탄올 함유량을 향후 더 크게 늘릴 예정이다. 본 연구에서는 에탄올을 혼합한 가솔린 연료를 사용하는 자동차의 엔진과후처리 시스템 화재 위험성을 조사하기 위해 PSR로 모델링한 엔진에서 연소특성을 조사하였다. 에탄올 첨가 연료를 사용하는 경우에는 에탄올 분율이 증가하면 열적인 화재 가능성이 감소되었다. 또한, NOx와 CO 배출량이 감소하였지만,미연탄화수소의 배출은 증가됨으로 예측되었다. 이러한 결과는 후처리 장치 중 기존의 삼원촉매의 경우에는 보다 저온이예측되므로 열적인 화재발생이 감소한다고 예상되지만, 미연탄화수소의 증가로 후처리장치에 고온분위기가 형성되어야하므로 화재의 위험성이 증가될 수 있다.

갑오본(甲午本)(구본(舊本))과 신축본(辛丑本)(인본(印本))을 중심으로 한 소음인(少陰人) 병증(病證)과 소양인(少陽人) 병증(病證)에 관한 고찰(考察)

이의주,고병희,송일병,임진희,Lee, Eui-Ju,Koh, Byung-Hee,Song, Il-Byung,Lim, Jin-Ny 사상체질의학회 2001 사상체질의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

1. Purpose 'Gu-Bon' of ${\ulcorner}$Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ found lately was written in 1940, through comparing with 'Gu-Bon' and 'In-Bon'. In 'Gu-Bon' and 'In-Bon', there are many different contents. The aim of the present study was to find changes of Dong-Mu's recognition on Symptom of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease from 1894 to 1900 2. Methods Comparing with 'Gu-Bon' and 'In-Bon' on Symptom of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease, Mechanism . region . main symptom and treatment of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease are arranged. and changes of Dong-Mu's recognition on Symptom of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease from 1894 to 1900 was found 3. Results 1) In 'Gu-Bon' of ${\ulcorner}$Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$, Dong-mu recognized Symptom of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease, mainly through the conception of 'ventral-dorsal--interior-exterior' and 'Main Qi of life protection' 2) In 'In-Bon' of ${\ulcorner}$Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$, Dong-mu recognized Symptom of Soeumin's Disease and Soyangin's Disease, mainly through the conception of 'ventral-dorsal-interior-exterior' and 'Ascending of Yang-Qi and Descending of Yin-Qi' 3) In 'Gu-Bon' of ${\ulcorner}$Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$, Symptom of Soeumin's Disease was classified into 'Taeyang Disease' and 'Yang-myoung Disease'. But In 'In-Bon' of ${\ulcorner}$Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$, Symptom of Soeumin's Disease was classified into 'Mang-yang' and 'Ul-guang'