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        Scientific Principle and Risk Assessment under SPS Agreement

        이은섭 한국무역학회 2009 Journal of Korea trade Vol.13 No.4

        This paper assesses the science-based requirements of the SPS Agreement focusing on the criticism against the agreement reviewing the judicial interpretation and application of the provisions concerned. The WTO system has been substantially positive in response to the concerns about human health, particularly, through the judicially proper application and interpretation of the SPS provisions concerned. Judicial interpretations made by the Appellate Body stand mostly for the proposition that sanitary measures must be based on scientific evidence and risk analysis. Such interpretations imply that judicial interpretation and application can substantially function to protect the health-related interests of WTO member countries. Despite such positive achievements of the WTO dispute settlement body to judicially treat the public health under the SPS Agreement, member countries representing free trade supporters and environmentalists do not currently seem satisfied with such performance. Considering the serious criticism against the dispute settlement body’s interpretation of the scientific principles and risk analysis so far and the well-recognized assumption in WTO societies that the WTO is the best tool to treat both free trade and the environment, a more flexible and reasonable attitude of the dispute settlement body to treat the scientific issues is required under the condition that the body is well equipped with the capacity to read the health-related scientific aspects of international trade.

      • KCI등재

        Reducing Tensions between Trade and Environment under the WTO

        이은섭 한국무역학회 2008 Journal of Korea trade Vol.12 No.3

        This article seeks an effective nexus between trade and environmental conflicts with the WTO agreements based on the evaluation of the GATT/WTO mechanism in relation with the member countries’ enforceability of trade-related environmental measures. Considering the criticism against the WTO system and the difficulties to make the independent environmental agreement under the WTO umbrella as the best solution to address the environment sooner rather than later due to the intense conflicts and disputes between member countries, this paper suggests listing the independent measures for environmental protection in Article XX (b) as an exception parallel with measures for public health as the second-best solution. To reduce the concerns about uncertainty and the abuse argument respectively by environmentalists and free trade supporters, it is suggested that the exception of Article XX (b) would add the trade-related measures for environmental protection and, at the same time, the Agreement on Trade-related Environmental Measures would be newly established for the interpretation and application of the listed measures, through which environment-related measures could be smoothly inserted into the multilateral trade mechanism of the WTO. To more widely allow the usage of trade measures aimed at environmental protection through such amendments and the creation of WTO provisions, consensus and mutual agreements among member countries should be brought about, which was learned from the experience of the Uruguay Round negotiations and ministerial conferences of the WTO

      • KCI등재후보

        한국인의 비배 융기술에서 동종 대퇴근막의 유용성

        이은섭,윤상원,김지선 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2015 임상이비인후과 Vol.26 No.2

        Background:Although autologous material is ideal, autologous nasal dorsal grafts have limitations including limited tissue availability, donor site morbidity and postoperative deformities owing to warping or resorption. Tutoplast processed fascia lata (TPFL)has been popularly used in Asian dorsal augmentation these days. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and surgical outcomes of TPFL as graft material for nasal dorsal augmentation in Koreans. Methods:91 patients(68 male, 23 female), who underwent TPFL grafting to the nasal dorsum were included. The age distribution varied from 16 to 61 years (mean age of 29.9 years), All surgical procedures were performed by the single surgeon. Patient’s record was reviewed retrospectively including age, sex, indications for surgery, dorsal graft material, and postoperative complications. Surgical outcome was evaluated using the comparison of preoperative photograph with postoperative photograph. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 39 months, with a mean follow-up of 11.3 months. Results:TPFL was used in 65 cases of deviated nose. Other cases included 14 flat noses, 8 hump noses, 3 revision cases after dorsal silicone graft and one saddle nose. During the follow-up period, no major complications such as infection, graft displacement, or extrusion were observed in fascia lata group. The only complication was major resorption in two cases (2.2%) who needed revision surgery. Conclusions:The TPFL alone or TPFL in combination with other materials may be useful for a minor dorsal augmentation and dorsal contouring material in rhinoplasty

      • KCI등재후보

        동종 대퇴근막 삽입을 통해 치유한 비중격 천공 1예

        이은섭,윤상원,김지선 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2015 임상이비인후과 Vol.26 No.2

        Nasal septal perforation is a rare disease mainly caused by nasal septal surgery and trauma, and is considered as challenging and difficult problem. Closure with intranasal flaps and connective tissue interposition graft has been widely recommended to nasal septal perforation, but the surgical technique can be differed by perforation size and anatomy. Connective tissue autograft has been commonly used as interposition graft, but allograft can be a substitution and choosing adequate allograft material is important for successful reconstruction. This case report presents a 54 year old man with nasal septal perforation, which was repaired by insertion of homologous fascia lata without intranasal flap.

      • KCI등재

        토양진압 및 비닐피복에 따른 고구마 품종 ‘금시’와 ‘산율미’의 생육 및 수량

        이은섭,이용선,김희동,윤성탁 한국국제농업개발학회 2007 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

        This experiments are conducted to clarify the effects of soil compacting and PE film mulching on growth and yield of sweet potato at Yeoju, Gyeonggido in 2005. Cultivars tested were Keumshi and Shinyulmee. Four combinations of treatment were treated such as soil compacting only, PE film mulching only, and control only. The results obtained were that vine length and vine weight of Shinyulmee was longer than that of Kumshi in the sandy soil and loamy soil, whereas number of nodes was more Shinyulmee compared to those of Keumshi in the sandy soil. Number of branches of had no significant difference between two varieties. Number of marketable tuber root per plant was more in Shinyulmee compared to that of Keumshi. In the loamy soil, weight of marketable tuber root per tuber was heaver in Shinyulmee compared to that of Keumshi. Marketable yield per 10a between two varieties of Shinyulmee and Keumshi was no significant difference. Vine length was longer, vine weight was heavier, number of nodes and branches was more at PE film mulching compared to soil compacting in the sandy and loamy soil. Number of marketable tuber root was more at PE film mulching than at soil compacting. Weight of tuber root per each and yield of marketable tuber root per 10a was higher at PE film mulching compared to soil compacting. Starch value and starch yield per 10a between two varieties of Keumshi and Shinyulmee had no difference. In the sandy loam and loamy soil, starch yield per 10a was higher at PE film mulching compared to soil compacting. Starch value between soil compacting and PE film mulching and between cultivars tested had no significant difference. 본 시험은 2005년 웰빙식품으로 각광을 받고 있는 단방추형이며 분상질인 밤고구마를 경기지역을 대표하는 특산품으로 지속적으로 안전생산 가능성을 검토하고자 토성은 사양토와 양토를 대상으로, 시험품종은 ‘금시’와 ‘신율미’로, 그리고 토양진압과 비닐피복유무에 따른 고구마의 생육 및 수량과 품질을 검토하였다. 이 연구에서 얻어진 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 토성에 관계없이 금시보다 신율미가 넝쿨길이는 길었고, 넝쿨중량 무거웠으나, 절수는 양토에서만 금시보다 신율미가 많았으며, 분지수는 차이가 없었다. 주당 상저수는 양토에서 금시가 신율미보다 많았고, 괴근당 상저중은 토성에 관계없이 금시보다 신율미가 무거웠다. 10a당 총저중과 상저중은 두 품종 간에 차이가 없었다. 토성에 관계없이 토양진압보다는 비닐피복에 의한 효과가 커서 비닐피복 조합이 토양진압조합구보다 넝쿨길이는 길었고, 분지수와 절수는 많았으며, 넝쿨중량은 무거웠다. 또한 상저수는 많았고, 괴근당 상저중은 무거웠으며 10당 총저수량과 10a당 상저수량은 높았다. 근형지수는 토양에 관계없이 금시보다 신율미가 높았고, 전분가와 10a당 전분수량은 차이가 없었다. 토양진압과 비닐피복 조합을 하였을 때, 근형지수는 양토에서 품종에 관계없이 토양진압조합보다 비닐피복조합에서 길었고, 10a당 전분수량은 토성에 관계없이 비닐피복조합에서 높았으나, 전분가는 품종간, 토양진압과 비닐피복조합간에 차이가 없었다. 토양진압과 비닐피복에 대한 효과분석 결과, 생육 및 수량형질에서 토양진압보다 비닐피복효과가 컸으나, 근형지수는 양토에서, 전분수량은 품종이나 토성에 관계없이 토양진압보다 비닐피복에서 효과적이었다.

      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재

        국어의 유동적 성분과 어휘부

        이은섭 한국어문학회 2017 語文學 Vol.0 No.138

        This paper aims to reconsider some morphological and syntactic processes in the structure of the lexicon. There are many exceptions to the lexicon that can be found in some nonce words and proverbs, in separating some roots from words by reanalysis, and in many complex constructions that work as a syntactic unit. It is complicated to explain these using the existing theories of the lexicon, which exclude these temporary elements. However, even though these elements are ad-hoc and have a floating status, they take part in word and sentence formation as a root or as a verb respectively. For this reason, we must put them into the registration list in the lexicon. Furthermore, we have to specify their positions in the lexicon, as well. Accordingly, we divide the lexicon into two parts; the stable section and the floating section. By doing this, we can provide a clearer explanation of the roles and the operations of the floating elements in the language processes.

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