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The names for dog in the modern Turkic languages
이용성 한국알타이학회 2013 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.23
The Turkic languages and dialects are spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China, from the Pacific to the Baltic Sea, and from the Arctic Ocean to the Persian Gulf. Turkic belongs to the Altaic language ‘family’. The nature of this relationship, whether genetic or the result of long-standing interaction, is much debated. Regardless of the Altaic theory, the Turkic material can be useful when studying the ancient history of the Koreans. The word B²ẄK²L²I in the Orkhon inscriptions from the 8th century AD refers to the ancient Korean kingdom and empire of Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) in all probability. According to the 12th century Samguk Sagi and the 13th century Samguk Yusa, a prince from the kingdom of Buyeo (2nd century BC – 494 AD), named Jumong, fled after a power struggle with other princes of the Buyeo court and founded the Goguryeo state in 37 BC in a region called Jolbon Buyeo. Buyeo was an ancient Korean kingdom located from today’s Manchuria to northern North Korea, from around the 2nd century BC to 494. Its remnants were absorbed by the neighboring and brotherhood kingdom of Goguryeo in 494. There were official positions in Buyeo such as ‘Maga (馬加 “horse- ga”)’, ‘Uga (牛加 “cattle-ga”)’, ‘Jeoga (猪加 “pig-ga”)’, ‘Guga (狗加 “dog- ga”)’ named after domestic animals according to the Chinese historical texts Sānguózhì (三國志, The Records of the Three Kingdoms). The word -ga (加) had the meaning of ‘clan chieftain, tribal chief’. This word was also used in Goguryeo. In the present paper we will treat the words for dog in the modern Turkic languages. We will focus on the linguistic analysis of the terms. The main materials are from various dictionaries. The materials in Dīwān Luγāt at-Turk and in the etymological dictionary by Sir Gerard Clauson (= ED) are also used.
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이용성 대한언어학회 2013 언어학 Vol.21 No.3
This paper introduces three types of constraint combinations applicable in Optimality theoretic analyses: conjunctive combinations (CAP-junctions), disjunctive combinations (CUP-junctions) and implicational combinations (IF-junctions). Each of these combinations is discussed with illustrations from the phonological data previously introduced in different theoretical frameworks. It shows that combined constraints have a vital role to play in Optimality theoretic analyses of various phonological and morphological phenomena. It also presents the reanalysis of coda consonant voicing assimilation to show that we can dispense with markedness-faithfulness combination. It supports the idea that only the constraints from the same constraint family can be combined.
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Ceramics의 被削性에 관한 硏究 : 低純度 AL-Ceramics의 切削 Machining of Low Purity Alumina Ceramics
李用成,崔鍾淳 단국대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.23 No.-
In this Study, unsintered, presintered and sintered low purity Alumina Ceramics were machined with various tools to clarify the machinability, the optimum tool materials and the optimum tool materials and the optimum cutting conditions. The main conclusions obtained were as follows. (1) In the case of Carbide tool KO1, the tool life in machining white body was the longest, and the machinability of pre-sintered Ceramics becomes poorer with the increase of the pre-sintering temperature. (2) In machining the low temperature pre-sintered Ceramics, the tool life increases with the increase of feed rate and clearance angle, and with the decrease of rake angle. (3) When the pre-sintered Ceramics were wet machined with sintered diamond tool, the tool life becomes extermely long, and higher cutting sped be used than in the case of full-sintered Ceramics. The productivity of wet cutting is much higher than that of dry cutting.
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Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Four Cases
이용성,한웅규,오영택,최영득,양승철,나군호 연세대학교의과대학 2007 Yonsei medical journal Vol.48 No.2
The role of the da VinciTM robot is being defined in minimally invasive urologic surgery. Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (rLRP) has emerged as a feasible treatment option for patients with organ-confined prostate cancer. We performed the first four rLRPs on four prostate cancer patients in the Republic of Korea. This is a report of its techniques and outcomes. In all four cases, the surgery was successfully completed with a mean operative time of 392.5 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 312.5mL, and catheterization lasted 14 to 21 days. There were no major intraoperative or postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay was 11 days. The rLRP is a safe and feasible approach. It will become one of the standard options for the management of localized prostate cancer.
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Markedness Oriented Candidate Chains
이용성 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.3
This paper proposes a revision to McCarthy's Optimality Theory with Candidate Chain. The main idea is that the candidate chain conveys the history of markedness satisfaction, not faithfulness violation. The original proposal that hinges on faithfulness violation has some potential problems. First, GEN, as it refers to the constraint hierarchy, cannot work without setting up the total ranking for constraints, thus severely weakens the role of EVAL. Second the gradual divergence may be problematic in actual implementation. Further, McCarthy's Metaconstraint based on faithfulness violation is not necessarily correct. These potential problems can be obviated or explained, if we record the history of markedness satisfaction in chain formation. Markedness oriented chain formation does not refer to constraint ranking, it imposes gradualness on the markedness satisfaction and it explains the validity of Metaconstraint.
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