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전자현미경을 이용한 Anorthoclase의 미세구조 및 화학 연구
이영부 ( Lee Yeong Bu ),김윤중 ( Kim Yun Jung ),이석훈 ( Lee Seog Hun ),이정후 ( Lee Jeong Hu ) 한국광물학회 2003 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.16 No.3
2092898 Microstructures and chemistRy of anorthoclase. a high-temperature phase of alkali feldspars, were studied using EPMA and TEM, BSE images of anorthoclase displayed mixtures of Na-rich areas and K-rich areas forming lamella of various sizes. EPMA analysis indicated that the Na-rich area is composed of Ab 81%, Or: 3% and An: 11% in average, while the K-rich area is composed of Ab: 45%, Or: 44% and An: 11% in average. TEM analysis revealed albite with Albite twins in the Na-rich area, contrasting to mixtures of albite with fine Albite twins and orthoclase without twins, forming regular lamella of about 100 nm sizes, in the K-rich area. The [001] electron diffraction pattern of the K-rich area also indicated coexistence of the two phases. While streaking parallel to the (010)* direction appeared only in albite due to the twin structure. streaking parallel to the (100)* direction appeared both in albite and orthoclase, probably due to strain on the interface as well as order-disorder phenomena of Al and Si. It is suggested that the reverse orientation of albite and orthoclme is caused by pole switching to reduce strain on their interfaces. Based on these observations and analyses, the mineral studied is identified as lower-temperature cryptoperthite rather than high-temperature anorthoclase, which has a midium degree of AI-Si ordering and 400℃ -6007` of eqtirnated temperatures for the microstructure formation.
주득종 ( Ju Deug Jong ),김윤영 ( Kim Yun Yeong ),이석훈 ( Lee Seog Hun ),김영훈 ( Kim Yeong Hun ),하태욱 ( Ha Tae Ug ),양승태 ( Yang Seung Tae ),최상준 ( Choe Sang Jun ) 한국물환경학회 2003 한국물환경학회지 Vol.19 No.1
Inorganic coagulants such as alum and PAC have been most commonly used in coagulation and sedimentation process for drinking water treatment. Organic polymeric coagulants have been successfully used as coagulant aid in other countries including U.S., Canada, Singapore. There are many known advantage of the polymeric coagulant. However, additional high cost feeding equipment is needed for application in water treatment plant and there are operational difficulties to feed optimal concentration. In this study, we are suggesting to use a mixture of PAC and polyamine to overcome the problems. We evaluate the feasibility of the coagulant mixture in mixing ratio, pH of the source water, floc Strength and settlability. Lower content of polymer less than 10% in mixture coagulant is better to prevent use of excess polymer coagulant. The mixture has wider application pH ranges than PAC only. The mixture coagulant was very effective in high turbidity water and reduced the sludge production. The mixture also formed stronger flocs and showed higher settlability.