부산지역 관광호텔업의 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

이방식(Bang Sik Lee) 한국관광레저학회 1993 관광레저연구 Vol.- No.5

지방화시대 중앙은행제도 개편과 분권화에 관한 연구

李邦植(Lee, Bang Sik) 한국재정학회(구 한국재정·공공경제학회) 1999 재정논집 Vol.13 No.2

This paper studies the Eighth Act Amending the Central Banking Act, which came into force on December 31, 1997. The Eighth Act Amending the Central Banking Act of December 31, 1997 in Korea altered in several respects, a few sections of the Central Banking Act. The results of this study are as follows: In order for the Bank of Korea to serve its primary function, the Bank of Korea needs to focus on the decentralization of the Central Banking System, the cutback of quasi-fiscal activities and the reinforcement of banking supervison.

한중무역구조에 대한 위안화 환율변화 효과

이방식(Bang-Sik Lee),김창권(Chang-Kwon Kim) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2011 중국과 중국학 Vol.14 No.-

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of exchange rate variation of the Chinese Yuan on the Korean-Chinese trade structure, based on the Johansen co-integration tests among the real exchange rate of the Chinese Yuan(RE), the trade specialization index(TSI) and revealed comparative advantage index(RCA). The indices of the latter two are categorized according to not only industries which tradedcommodities belong to and but also their characteristics. Some important results are as follows: There may be no significant effect of the RE on the TSI of total Korean trade to China, while there are some meaningful results, if the data are dis-aggregated. In the short run, an appreciation of the RE positively affects the TSIs for IT goods and heavy industrial products. In the long run, its initial effects disappear as the trade imbalance rather affects the RE. If the data are dis-aggregated according to commodity uses, the slight positive long-term effects of the RE on the TSIs for raw materials and capital goods can be found, though their short-term ones are statistically insignificant. In the case of direct consumer’s goods, an appreciation shortly affects positively, but negatively TSI in the long run because of the so-called income effects. The significantly positive effects of the RE on the RCA for Korean trade to China can be confirmed in the short run only for IT goods according to industrial sectors. In the long run, however, they disappear or an improvement of RCA, i.e., international competitiveness, affects so far as the exchange rate, especially in the case of light industrial products and of IT goods. By commodity use, the short effects of the RE on RCAs are ambiguous, but the long-term positive effects of the RE on RCAs are found, especially very elastic in the case of capital goods.

우리나라 호텔식음료업장 고객의 인종별 이용형태 연구

이방식(Lee Bang-Sik) 한국관광레저학회 2006 관광레저연구 Vol.18 No.1

인센티브여행의 관광사업적 성격에 관한 연구

이방식(Lee Bang Sik) 한국관광레저학회 1996 관광레저연구 Vol.8 No.2

새로운 결제수단으로서 전자무역 결제 서비스/은행지급 확약(TSU/BPO)의 장점과 활용에 관한 연구

이방식(Bang-Sik Lee),박석재(Suk-Jae Park) 한국무역연구원 2017 무역연구 Vol.13 No.5

This paper intends to study the merits and practical use of Trade Service Utility (TSU)/Bank Payment Obligation (BPO) as a new payment method. In 1980s, Letters of Credit (L/C) were most widely used in international trade as a payment method while in 2000 and onwards, Telegraphic Transfer (T/T) was most prevalent in international trade as a payment method. A new payment method has emerged recently. SWIFT has developed TSU and BPO for international payment of goods between sellers and buyers. There are several merits of TSU/BPO. They include the rapid collection of payment, the reduction of burden in relation to handling documents, the increase of certainty in collecting the payment, the quick transactions, favorable deals in transactions, the reduction of trade personnel, to name a few. There are practical uses for TSU/BPO. They include the concurrent use with forfeiting and the alternate use instead of Open Account. In the near future, TSU/BPO will be widely used in international trade as a good payment method instead of L/Cs and T/Ts.

Impact of Job Satisfaction to Job Stress and Turnover Intent Moderated by Professional Commitment

Lee Bang-Sik(이방식) 대한관광경영학회 2010 觀光硏究 Vol.25 No.2

본 논문에서는 한국 호텔산업 종사자의 직업 만족도가 최근 많이 향상된 점을 고려하여 호텔종사자의 직업몰입에 따라 직무만족이 직무스트레스와 이직의도에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지, 그 영향관계를 실증 연구하였다. 조사분석은 한국의 특급호텔에 근무하는 종사원 218명을 대상으로 하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직업몰입과 직무만족은 직무스트레스에 조절변수의 역할을 한다. 둘째, 직무스트레스는 이직이도에 정의 유의적 관계를 갖는다. 이상의 가설검증을 토대로 할 때 직업몰입 수준이 낮은 집단은 직무만족이 높다 하더라도 이직의도의 경향성을 보인다. 따라서 호텔산업은 종사원들에게 호텔산업의 사회적 지명도 획득을 위한 노력은 유능한 인재의 이직방지의 수단이 됨을 인식할 필요가 있다. 이는 호텔리어로서의 직업몰입도가 높은 표본집단 성원들은 직무만족수준이 높을수록 직무스트레스는 크게 떨어지는 경향성을 보인 점을 통해서 입증되고 있다. 이러한 결과는 단위호텔은 자사의 사회적 이미지 제고가 호텔리어의 자부심고취에 정의 영향을 미치며 이는 자연히 이직방지의 적극적 장치가 됨을 인식할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 연구의 한계가 있다. 첫째, 회귀모형의 설명력이 크게 낮았다. 따라서 설문문항의 타당도 향상을 위해 설문구성 항목을 다소 보완할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 본 연구는 호텔종사원의 직업몰입 수준을 조절변수로 한 까닭에 판매, 은행, 전문 기술직 등, 다소 직업만족도가 높은 직업군으로의 일반화에는 다소의 무리가 있다고 본다. Considering that the social recognition on the hotel industry in Korea bas much been enhanced and positively accepted by the public, this Study focused on the exploration of impact of job satisfaction to job stress and turnover intent moderated by professional commitment in Korean hospitality area. The number of the sample for the research include 218 respondents working at upscale hotels in Korea. The results of this study are as follows: First, professional commitment moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress. Second, Job stress is positively and significantly related to turnover intent. Following the study results, the hoteliers with lower professional commitment are much likely to show some higher turnover intent although their job satisfaction level is high. On the other hand, the hoteliers with higher professional commitment are much likely to show some lower turnover intent when their job satisfaction level is high. These imply that the Korean hotel industry tray need to keep good social reputation as occupational arena and it will be an indirect means to prevent the Korean hoteliers from turnover behaviors. This study bas some limitations. First, the amount of explained variance is not much enough to account for the regression model(R2adj. for job stress=052, and R2adj. for turnover intent= .116.) and reconsideration may be necessary for future study to enhance the amount of explained variance. Second, the generalization of the present findings may be limited, since a hotel employee's job may be significantly different from that of a salesperson, bank teller, or technician.

우리나라 관광호텔의 인사평가실태에 관한 연구

이방식(Lee Bang Sik) 한국관광레저학회 1992 관광레저연구 Vol.- No.4

신용장의 취소 및 조건변경에 관한 연구

이방식(Lee, Bang Sik),박석재(Park, Suk Jae) 韓國貿易商務學會 2011 貿易商務硏究 Vol.50 No.-

This work intends to study some issues in relation to the cancellation and amendment of letter of credit. Those issues in relation to the cancellation are the significance and formation time of cancellation of letter of credit and some points for practical attention of UCP 600 in the case of cancellation of letter of credit. Those issues in relation to the amendment are the significance and formation requirements of amendment of letter of credit and some points for practical attention of UCP 600 in the case of amendment of letter of credit. If exporters receive letters of credit from foreign countries, they must confirm the indication of irrevocable letter of credit. When they find revocable letters of credit, they should amend the credits to be irrevocable credits. If issuing banks amend letters of credit against beneficiaries, the banks should receive the beneficiaries' consent. If amendments devalue applicants' expectations in the underlying transaction, the applicants for whom the credit issues are not liable to reimburse. Beneficiaries and issuing banks may amend a credit, but the issuing bank acts at its own peril if it does not obtain the applicant's consent.

전자무역 중개기관의 발전전략에 관한 연구

이방식(Lee Bang-sik),이승관(Lee Seung-kwan) 한국무역학회 2003 한국무역학회 학술대회 Vol.2003 No.5

21세기 들어 인터넷과 IT의 발전에 거래선 정보를 D/B화하여, 온라인에 의한 고효율ㆍ저비용의 거래선 발굴이 무역 e-마켓플레이스를 중심으로 발전해 왔는바, 이의 체계적인 발전 방안을 모색하는 가운데 산업자원부는 2003년 3월 대외 무역법상 전자무역중개기관의 모태가 될 수 있는 e-무역상사를 선정 발표했는바, 이와 관련하여 향후 적극 도입, 발전모델로 성장 발전할 수 있는 전자무역중개기 관에 대한 관심이 제고 되고 있는 바 이와 관련하여 전자무역중개기관의 발전전략에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. e-Trade metamediary markets and companies, such as B2B marketplace providing the most powerful global company directories, trade leads, and their search engines in the industry and featuring in increasing traders globalizations and network establishing in the international trade arena, will be the most potential successful ones in the future, which helps traders and organizations preparing for globalization and accelerating the trading speed in the next decades. Government recently introduced so called e-Trade Metamediary system. One of the main reason to do that, the combination between IT infra and reflection on existing General Trading Companies function. Besides Small and Medium sized companies face with global marketing strategy. Chosen e-Trade Metamediary has accumulated know-how of on-line promotion for trading leads for the last few years. Government is contemplating aiding in the establishment of lie-Trade Metamediary" that would give support to as many as 3,000 prospective small exporters by 2005 in carrying out exports on the Internet. e-Trade metamediary is an Internet version of general trading companies (GTCs) that offer trading services to small exporters. We would like to emphasize the importance of e-Trade which believe is so enormous, and they are as follows. In reducing additional expense of trade through innovating trade process, strengthening competitive power for export and providing a basis of expanding export through creating a new market and a new product, strengthening of the national economic power. TO-BE model of e-Trade is finding buyers; consult and contract proceed through the e-Marketplace.