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윤재일(Yoon, Jae-il),성동환(Sung, Dong-hwan) 부경대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2012 인문사회과학연구 Vol.13 No.2
본 연구는 경상남도 고성군에 소재하는 마을숲 중 비교적 보존형태가 양호하고 문헌적 자료가 확실한 15개의 마을숲을 대상으로 풍수적 비보 요소를 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 풍수지리학적인 측면에서 확연히 드러나는 점은 마을숲이 수구막이 역할을 한다는 점이다. 마을숲이 마을의 전면부를 막아 외부에 노출되는 것을 막아주고 마을 전체에 안정감을 부여하고 정서적으로 안온한 환경을 제공해주었다. 이는 고성군 마을숲의 가장 두드러진 특징으로 마을숲 조성이 수구(水口)를 관쇄(關鎖)하는 풍수지리의 기본 원리를 구현하려는 노력의 소산으로 판단된다. 둘째, 골짜기 바람이나 해풍이 불어오는 경우 수구를 막아주면서 한편으로는 살풍(殺風)을 차단하는 효과를 동시에 발휘하는 경우가 많았다. 셋째, 청룡이나 백호가 빈약하거나 안산이 없거나 미미한 경우에 마을의 지기(地氣)를 보존하기 위한 해결방안으로서 숲을 조성하여 마을의 오랜 번영을 도모하려 하였다. 하나의 숲이 한 마을에서는 백호로, 다른 마을에서는 청룡으로서의 역할을 하는 경우도 있었다. 조산(朝山)과 안산이 허결(虛缺)한 경우에는 앞쪽이 과도하게 공허하거나 광활해질 수 있으므로 안산을 인공으로 조성하여 보완하려는 경우도 있었다. 넷째, 흉사(凶砂)나 흉수(凶水)를 가려서 비보하려는 마을숲이 있었다. 또한, 연못을 조성하여 명당수를 조성하려는 마을숲이 두 곳으로 파악되었다. 고성군의 마을숲은 현재 휴양림으로 이용되는 것이 대부분이었으며 서북풍의 골풍과 해풍을 막거나 수구막이 역할을 하는 마을숲이 많았다. 또한 사신사 중에서 청룡과 백호나 안산을 보호하여 비보하는 경우가 있었고, 연못을 조성한 명당수로서의 역할을 하거나 흉수를 막아주는 기능을 하는 경우도 있었다. This study conducted to verify the types of village forest in Goseong Gun, South Gyeongsang Province from feng-shui perspectives, and a total 15 village forests were investigated. Village forest is built and preserved by the village residents. It reflects the history and culture of the village. Feng-shui’s main goal is to make and search for the best site(MYungdang) surrounded by mountains or hills which moderate the wing and gathers the water. A perfectly auspicious site without any shortcomings is extremely rare. Consequently, feng-shui expert developed the concept of Bibo in order to compensated for or remedy minor defects of an auspicious site in terms of feng-shui. The forest planted under the tenets of Feng-shui theory is Bibo forest which is complemented in order to fill up the void topography. Man could build dikes or create artificial mountains or plant trees and protect forest in order to make up for the shortcomings of potentially auspicious place. In most cases, when people found the shortcomings of the landforms of their habitat, they compensated for them through Feng-shui Bibo method. Man modifies the natural landscapes in order to make up deficients in the local geomantic landscape by planting trees. Planting trees for the Feng-shui reason is an unique example of Korean’s modification of landforms for the purpose of fulfiling the geomantic harmony of an area.
Na환원법에 의한 희석제량에 따른 탄탈 분말 제조와 특성
윤재식,박형호,배인성,김병일,정성만,Yoon, Jae-Sik,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Bae, In-Sung,Kim, Byung-Il,Jung, Sung-Man 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.9
High-pure tantalum powder was fabricated through Na reduction process and has been produced by using $K_2$TaF$_{7}$, and KCI, KF for raw material and diluent, respectively. A raw material and diluent were charged at the hestalloy bomb by the weight rate of 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.5 and 1:0.25 each other, investigated properties of morphology, chemical composition and yield and particle size after reduced. Ta metal has been achieved by reduction of $K_2$$TaF_{7}$ 500g with 1% sodium in excess of stoichiometric amount in the charge at a reduction temperature of $850^{\circ}C$ for 3hours. According to amount of the diluent, a formation of the powder doesn't have an effect. The diluent prevented the temperature rising caused from the heat of reaction and it maintained the speed of reducing reaction. But in the mixture ratio of raw material and diluent in the 1 : 2 and 1 : 0.25, an oxide and partially not reacted K were detected. As the amount of diluent increased, the size of tantalum powder decreased. According as raw material and the mixture ratio of diluent change from 1:0.25 to 1:2, the size is decreased from 5$\mu\textrm{m}$ to 1$\mu\textrm{m}$, and a particle size distribution which is below 325 mesh in fined powder increases from 71% to 83%. In the case of average size of Tantalum powder which is the mixture ratio (1:0.5), we would get the Ta powder with grain size about 3$\mu\textrm{m}$, which come close to the average size (2~4$\mu\textrm{m}$) of tantalum powder which is used commonly in the present is Ta powder about 3$\mu\textrm{m}$.
윤재식(Jae-Sik Yoon),황선호(Sun-Ho Hwang),김병일(Byung-Il Kim) 한국표면공학회 2009 한국표면공학회지 Vol.42 No.5
The niobium capacitor showed somewhat more unstable characteristics than the commercial tantalum capacitors, but is nonetheless considered applicable as a future substitute for tantalum capacitors. In this study, niobium powder was fabricated by metallothermic reduction process using K₂NbF? as the raw materials, KCl and KF as the diluents and Na as the reducing agent. The niobium particle size greatly decreased from 0.7㎛ to 0.2 ㎛ as the amount of diluent increased. However if a higher surface area of powder is required, more diluents need to be used in the said method in order to produce niobium powder. The niobium powder morphology and particle size are very sensitive to a amount of sodium excess. The particle size of niobium powder increased with a increasing amount of sodium excess. When more diluent and sodium are used, the niobium powder will be contaminated with more impurities such as Fe, Cr, Ni so on.
금속열환원 공정에서 반응온도가 니오븀 분말 특성에 미치는 영향
윤재식,이영미,황선호,김병일,Yoon, Jae-Sik,Lee, Young-Mi,Hwang, Sun-Ho,Kim, Byung-Il 한국분말야금학회 2009 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.16 No.2
Niobium powder was made from potassium heptafluoroniobite ($K_2NbF_7$) as the raw material using sodium (Na) as a reducing agent based on the hunter process. The apparatus for the experiment was designed and built specifically for the present study. The niobium particle size greatly increased as the reduction temperature increased from $710^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$. The particle size was fairly uniform, varying from $0.09{\mu}m$ to $0.4{\mu}m$ depending on the reduction temperatures. The niobium powder morphology and particle size are very sensitive to a reaction temperature in the metallothermic reduction process. The yield of niobium powder increased from 55% to 80% with a increasing a reaction temperature.
간기능 검사 이상을 보이는 건선환자에서 비알코올성 지방간의 유병률 및 임상양상
이재인 ( Jae In Lee ),서현이 ( Hyun Yi Suh ),배주윤 ( Joo Yoon Bae ),정혜정 ( Hye Jung Jung ),안지영 ( Jiyoung Ahn ),박미연 ( Mi Youn Park ),윤용범 ( Yong Bum Yoon ),윤성환 ( Sung Hwan Youn ),윤재일 ( Jai Il Youn ) 대한피부과학회 2020 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.58 No.10
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver disease. Evidence supporting a strong relationship between psoriasis and NAFLD exists. NAFLD is significantly higher in psoriatic patients than in matched controls and psoriatic patients with NAFLD have more severe forms of psoriasis than those without NAFLD. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical features of NAFLD among Korean psoriatic patients with abnormal liver function tests. Methods: We evaluated the laboratory results of psoriatic patients who visited the Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, between September 2012 and June 2017. Those who had abnormal liver function tests were consulted by a hepatologist to confirm the diagnosis of NAFLD using ultrasonography. Results: A total of 307 psoriatic patients underwent liver function tests (LFTs), and 46 patients (15.0%) had abnormal LFT values. A hepatologist consulted psoriatic patients with abnormal LFTs, and hepatic ultrasonography was performed; 34 patients (73.9%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. Among psoriatic patients with abnormal LFTs, those with a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) ≥10 had a significantly higher rate of NAFLD than psoriatic patients with PASI <10 (87.5% vs 59.1%). Conclusion: Among psoriatic patients with abnormal LFTs, 34 patients (73.9%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. Psoriatic patients with PASI ≥10 had a significantly higher rate of NAFLD than those with PASI <10. (Korean J Dermatol 2020;58(10):650∼655)